一株海绵共附生青霉Penicillium sp.的次级代谢产物研究

目的 研究海绵共附生青霉Penicillium sp. LHW5975的化学成分。方法 采用减压硅胶柱色谱、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶填料（ODS）中压柱色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等技术进行分离纯化,得到的单体化合物通过高分辨-电喷雾-质谱（HR-ESI-MS）、核磁共振波谱（NMR）以及与文献比对等方法进行鉴定。对分离得到的化合物进行斑马鱼促血管生成活性评价。结果 从Penicillium sp. LHW5975中分离纯化出9个生物碱类化合物,包括1个新的化合物,命名为青霉吲哚碱甲（1）;以及8个已知化合物,分别为17-羟基短密青霉酰胺N（2）、苯并玛尔维碱A（3）、苯并玛尔维碱B（4）、苯并玛尔维碱C（5）、苯并玛尔维碱D（6）、苯并玛尔维碱E（7）、(−)-苯并玛尔维碱E（8）和N-甲基诺喔苯并玛尔维碱A（9）。化合物2和7在50 µg/mL质量浓度下对斑马鱼节间血管的生长有促进作用。结论 化合物1为新化合物,化合物2和9为青霉属内首分化合物,化合物2和7具有一定的促血管生成活性。     

南海海绵Hyrtios erectus 中吲哚类化学成分研究

 目的 对南海海绵Hyrtios erectus的高级性部分化学成分进行研究。方法 对该种海绵的甲醇提取物按极性大小进行萃取,取正丁醇部分进行柱色谱,根据化合物的波谱数据及理化性质鉴定结构。结果 分离得到5个吲哚类衍生物,分别为5-羟基色氨酸（Ⅰ）,5-羟基吲哚-3-醛（Ⅱ）,5-羟基吲哚-3-（2-羟基）乙基（Ⅲ）,5-乙氧基吲哚-3-醛（Ⅳ）,1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-6-羟基-β-卡波啉-3-羧酸（Ⅴ）。结论 所有化合物均为从该属海绵中首次分离。
     

Microtox assay for assessment of marine pollution in industrial discharge zone of Kuwait

Twelve major industries in the Shuaiba Industrial Area of Kuwait generate about 30,000 m³/d wastewater, which is discharged to the sea either directly or after treatment. To assess the quality of the Shuaiba bay area, water samples were collected twice a week for six months from seven points of discharge, each representing a source from a major industry. Samples were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics and toxicity using the Microtox assay. Chemical analysis revealed that the contamination of oil was higher at sites 5 and 6 while four heavy metals were evenly distributed at different sites. The Microtox assay indicated that 31 samples out of 378 samples exerted acute to medium levels of toxicity, which were mostly from sites 6 and 7. The episodes of toxicity were greater in the summer months compared to winter months, whereas the pattern of chemical contaminants was not influenced by the seasonal change. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Environ Toxicol Water Qual 12: 109–115, 1997     

基于三元融合的海洋中药学课程思政教学改革研究

文章立足于海洋中药学的学科内涵和外延,挖掘课程知识点中的多种思政元素,介绍了海洋中药学思政建设目标及建设思路,系统阐述了海洋中药学思政建设具体举措,即,以专业知识和专业技能为载体,从提升教师的思政意识和能力、挖掘思政素材和制定思政教学方案、创新教学方法和教学手段、建设传统与现代技术融合的教学资源、探索考核评价内容和方式...     

东海药用微生物资源的初步调查研究

目的:对中国东海药用微生物资源进行初步调查研究.方法:从中国东海采集海水和底泥样品,选用不同的分离培养基,采用无限稀释及平板划线的方法分离出单菌落,利用纸片法和稻瘟霉模型对菌株发酵液进行活性筛选.结果:从样品中分离得到1 041株单菌落,包括506株放线菌,421株细菌和114株真菌,其中具有抗菌活性菌株303株,活性菌株分离率为29.1％.抗稻瘟霉分生孢子活性菌株219株,活性菌株分离率为21.0％.结论:分离得到的抗菌活性菌株,抗稻瘟霉分生孢子活性菌株的比例均达到20.0％以上,说明东海具有丰富的药用微生物资源.     

Trial Assay for Safe First-Aid Protocol for the Stinging Sea Anemone Anemonia viridis (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) and a Severe Toxic Reaction

Anemonia viridis is an abundant and widely distributed temperate sea anemone that can form dense congregations of individuals. Despite the potential severity of its sting, few detailed cases have been reported. We report a case of a severe toxic reaction following an A. viridis sting in a 35-year-old oceanographer. She developed severe pain, itching, redness, and burning sensation, which worsened one week after treatment with anti-inflammatories, antihistamines and corticosteroids. Prompted by this event, and due to the insufficient risk prevention, lack of training for marine-environment users, and lack of research into sting-specific first-aid protocols, we evaluated the cnidocyst response to five different compounds commonly recommended as rinse solutions in first-aid protocols (seawater, vinegar, ammonia, baking soda, and freshwater) by means of the Tentacle Solution Assay. Vinegar and ammonia triggered an immediate and massive cnidocyst discharge after their application and were classified as activator solutions. Baking soda and freshwater were also classified as activator solutions, although with a lower intensity of discharge. Only seawater was classified as a neutral solution and therefore recommended as a rinse solution after A. viridis sting, at least until an inhibitory solution is discovered.     

CO2 induced pHi changes in the brain of polar fish: a TauCEST application

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) from taurine to water (TauCEST) can be used for in vivo mapping of taurine concentrations as well as for measurements of relative changes in intracellular pH (pH_i) at temperatures below 37°C. Therefore, TauCEST offers the opportunity to investigate acid–base regulation and neurological disturbances of ectothermic animals living at low temperatures, and in particular to study the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on neurophysiological changes of fish. Here, we report the first in vivo application of TauCEST imaging. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the TauCEST effect in a broad range of temperatures (1–37°C) and pH (5.5–8.0), motivated by the high taurine concentration measured in the brains of polar fish. The in vitro data show that the TauCEST effect is especially detectable in the low temperature range and strictly monotonic for the relevant pH range (6.8–7.5). To investigate the specificity of TauCEST imaging for the brain of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) at 1.5°C simulations were carried out, indicating a taurine contribution of about 65% to the in vivo expected CEST effect, if experimental parameters are optimized. B. saida was acutely exposed to three different CO₂ concentrations in the sea water (control normocapnia; comparatively moderate hypercapnia OA_m = 3300 μatm; high hypercapnia OA_h = 4900 μatm). TauCEST imaging of the brain showed a significant increase in the TauCEST effect under the different CO₂ concentrations of about 1.5–3% in comparison with control measurements, indicative of changes in pH_i or metabolite concentration. Consecutive recordings of ¹H MR spectra gave no support for a concentration induced change of the in vivo observed TauCEST effect. Thus, the in vivo application of TauCEST offers the possibility of mapping relative changes in pH_i in the brain of polar cod during exposure to CO₂.     

5G便携式远程超声的应用进展

随着网络信息技术的发展和超声仪器性能的改进，便携化、智能化的超声设备在临床诸多领域发挥了重要作用，远程技术的实现使超声诊疗工作摆脱了空间位置的束缚，应用场景的外延得以拓展。本文通过总结便携式远程超声在临床疾病诊断、急危重症抢救、围手术期辅助、军事卫勤保障、学员带教等方面的应用现状，充分体现其“小身材、大功能”的独特优势，并结合目前5G技术高速率、低延迟的特点，对其应用拓展进行展望。