Synthesis and biological activities of a photoaffinity probe for vasotocin and oxytocin receptors

The present study describes the synthesis and biological activities of the photoreactive vasotocin analog 1–deamino[8–lysine(N^e–4–azidobenzoyl)] vasotocin ([Mpa¹, Lys(N^e–4–azidobenzoyl)⁸]vasotocin). The analog was obtained by introducing the photoreactive aryl azido group at the e–amino group of Lys⁸ in [Mpa¹, Lys⁸]-vasotocin, which was synthesized by the solid phase method. In the isolated toad urinary bladder the photoaffinity analog of vasotocin retained hydroosmotic activity in the absence of u.v.-light. After irradiation the osmotic water flow across the bladder wall increased. Moreover, the water permeability remained high during repeated periods of washout, suggesting that the analog formed covalent complexes with vasotocin receptors in the toad bladder. In the rat uterotonic assay the photoreactive vasotocin analog was without photoactivation a mild agonist. These studies suggest that the photoaffinity analog of vasotocin might be useful for the isolation of vasotocin receptors in low vertebrates and oxytocin receptors in mammals.     

基于IPv6的远程医学细粒度数据传输的研究

目的:为了解决远程医学关键业务数据流在互联网上传输出现的网络延时较大和数据丢包较多等问题,进行互联网协议版本6(IPv6)的流标签远程医学细粒度数据传输新方法的研究。方法:在用户端使用IPv6数据包新增的流标字段,将不同类型的远程医学数据流的服务质量参数写入其中。在互联网传输过程中采用流标签网关识别分类和数据传输服务质量(QoS)保证技术。结果:对不同业务类型的远程医学数据流实现了细粒度的数据传输。结论:使用IPv6流标签细粒度区分数据流,较好的解决了网络延时和数据丢包对数据传输的影响,可以将有限的网络资源充分的应用到需要的服务上,提高远程医学数据传输端到端的服务质量。     

基于酪胺信号放大和金标银染的致病菌生物芯片检测方法的灵敏度评价研究

目的对基于酪胺信号放大和金标银染技术的致病菌可视化生物芯片检测方法进行评价。方法以伤寒沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌作为检测对象,建立生物芯片的TSA-金标银染高灵敏度可视化检测技术,优化试剂浓度、反应温度、温育及银染时间等检测条件,比较了TSA-金标银染与单独金标银染、TSA-金标银染与TSA-荧光的检测灵敏度。并对进口水产品样品进行了伤寒沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌的应用检测。结果检测条件优化结果为：Streptavidin-HRP稀释比例为1：1 500,Biotin-Tyramine稀释比例为1：200＋0.5%H2O2,Streptavidin-Nanogold稀释比例为1：100;温育温度37℃,温育时间20 min,银染显色时间8～10 min。TSA-金标银染比单独金标银染的检测灵敏度提高10～100倍,与TSA-荧光的检测灵敏度相同,达到103CFU/ml。检测进出口水产品样品伤寒沙门氏菌和痢疾志贺菌结果与SN标准方法检测结果一致。结论基于酪胺信号放大和金标银染技术的致病菌可视化生物芯片检测方法,为致病菌低成本快速检测提供了新思路。     

Evaluation of Five Probiotic Products for Label Claims by DNA Extraction and Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis

Label claims were evaluated for five probiotic products. Specific oligonucleotide primers were designed for 11 species from the Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus genera. Polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, and amplicon excision with DNA sequencing were performed: Sequence analysis and DNA homology comparisons followed. Bifidobacterium bifidum was not detected in two of the five samples by PCR analysis. Also, Lactobacillus species were found in two of the five product samples for which the species was not listed as an ingredient. We conclude that (1) lack of B. bifidum in two probiotic products may be attributed to different preparation standards among probiotic manufacturers, and (2) indentification of additional Lactobacillus species may represent contamination of the samples due to manufacturers utilizing shared equipment to produce all probiotics.     

Hepatocyte apoptosis and fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains poorly understood. Although apoptosis is a common mechanism of liver injury, the extent and clinical significance of apoptosis in NASH has not been examined. Thus, the aims of this study were to quantify hepatocyte apoptosis in NASH, correlate it with disease severity, and identify possible mechanisms of apoptosis induction. METHODS: Hepatocyte apoptosis was assessed in NASH, simple steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, and controls without liver disease using the TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry for activated caspases 3 and 7. Liver specimens were also graded according to the magnitude of inflammation and fibrosis. RESULTS: TUNEL-positive cells were significantly increased in liver biopsy specimens from patients with NASH compared with simple steatosis and controls. Unexpectedly, TUNEL-positive cells were also greater in NASH vs. alcoholic hepatitis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated active caspases 3 and 7 in NASH specimens, confirming the occurrence of apoptosis in this disease. A positive correlation was observed between hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory activity, respectively. The Fas receptor was strongly expressed in hepatocytes in liver specimens from NASH patients as compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatocyte apoptosis is significantly increased in patients with NASH and correlates with disease severity, suggesting that antiapoptotic therapy may be useful in this syndrome.     

电磁兼容标准对RFID设备在医疗环境中电磁干扰的分析

射频识别技术作为一种快速、准确、有效的识别方式,已在医疗卫生行业得到广泛应用。本文通过分析医疗环境中医疗设备的电磁兼容标准及相关要求,探讨射频识别（RFID）设备可能产生的潜在干扰,并提出减少干扰的措施。     

药品未注册用法管理办法探讨

药品未注册用法是世界医药学界都十分关注的重要议题。通过对药品说明书意义与药品未注册用法含义的阐述,介绍了国外对药品未注册用法的政策与规定,指出我国应规范和解决药品未注册用法问题,加强药品的物流管理,药品由药学部门统一管理,药师应认真审核医师处方或用药医嘱的适宜性。同时,提出了几点意见,即药品生产企业要积极参与药品未注册用法的管理、政府有关部门应调整政策,规范药品未注册用法、建议制定公布《药品未注册用法管理办法》、医疗机构应制定药品未注册用法的规章制度。     

2019年某部医院超说明书用药现状及管理策略分析

目的 调查武警河北省总队医院超药品说明书用药现状,对存在的安全隐患进行分析,提出防范建议,为降低用药风险,规范管理提供理论依据。方法 对本院2019年1～12月门诊处方、住院医嘱超说明书用药情况进行回顾性统计分析。结果 本院超说明书用药主要表现在超适应证、超适应人群和给药途径等方面,90%以上超说明书用药有证据支持,但也有部分超说明书用药没有指南推荐和文献支持,药品说明书之外的用法值得进一步商榷。结论 超药品说明书用药现象客观存在且不可避免,它涉及到药品有效性、医疗执业风险和安全隐患,因此制定合理的管理策略,强化超说明书用药管理的规范化、制度化是当前亟待解决的问题。