角蛋白17与银屑病

角蛋白17作为一种细胞骨架蛋白,在银屑病患者皮损中过度表达,被认为是银屑病的一种特异性标志物。角蛋白17是一种自身抗原,携带某些和链球菌M6蛋白相似的表位。这些表位可以刺激自身反应性T细胞增殖,促进银屑病相关的细胞因子释放,继而进一步刺激角质形成细胞产生角蛋白17。研究表明角蛋白17/T细胞/细胞因子自身免疫环路可能参与银屑病的发病机制,角蛋白17有可能成为一种新的银屑病治疗靶点。     

RF、抗-CCP和AKA联合检测在类风湿性关节炎诊断中的价值

目的 探讨类风湿因子（RF）、抗环瓜氨酸多肽抗体（抗-CCP）和抗角蛋白抗体（AKA）联合检测在诊断类风湿性关节炎（RA）中的价值.方法 对102例RA患者、43例非RA患者及30例健康正常人进行3项抗体检测,并进行比较分析.结果 RA患者的3项抗体阳性率均明显高于非RA患者和正常健康者,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.005）,3项抗体单独检测对RA诊断的敏感性依次为RF＞抗-CCP＞AKA,特异性依次为抗-CCP＞AKA＞RF,联合检测对RA诊断的敏感性下降,特异性却升高甚至达到100%.结论 联合检测可提高诊断特异性,有利于临床确诊.     

Initiation and characterization of keratinocyte cultures from biopsies of normal human conjunctiva

The purpose of the present study was to establish and characterize serum-free epithelial cultures of normal human conjunctiva using fresh biopsy tissue. To this end, small pieces of normal conjunctiva were biopsied from patients undergoing routine cataract surgery. Fragments of the tissue were placed in explant culture in medium containing fetal bovine serum for approximately 1 week to promote epithelial cell outgrowth. Cultures were then passaged multiple times into serum-free medium. Cultures generated in this way were at least 95% keratinocytes and exhibited a typical epithelial morphology, which was dependent on the extracellular Ca(2+)concentration. Immunocytochemical staining revealed that E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and involucrin were present in the cultures, with distributions consistent with their in vivo localization patterns. Distribution of keratins 19, 3, and 4 in conjunctival epithelial cultures were also consistent with in vivo patterns and distinctly different from patterns observed in epithelial cultures similarly generated from cornea and foreskin. Hence, conjunctival keratinocyte cultures retain some tissue-specific markers and do not revert to a generic, culture phenotype.     

Changing patterns of keratin expression could be associated with functional maturation of the developing human bladder

PURPOSE: We investigate the keratin phenotype of human transitional epithelium at various gestational ages and whether keratin composition of transitional epithelium is related to bladder function and morphology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive sections from formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks of autopsy bladder tissue from 21 male and 5 female fetuses, gestational age 12 to 40 weeks and 7 infants 2 days to 19 months old were cut and stained with antibodies recognizing basal cell keratins 5, 14 and 17, intermediate squamous cell keratin 13 and columnar cell keratins 7, 8, 18 and 20. RESULTS: With gestational age there were distinct changes in expression of keratins recognizing columnar cells, consisting of focal loss of keratin 7 in transitional epithelium, restriction of keratin 20 expression to umbrella cells and expression of keratin 18 throughout the full thickness of transitional epithelium. Basal cell keratin 5 was found above the basal cell layer while keratins 14 and 17 were not found. Squamous cell keratin 13 was found throughout the full thickness of the urothelium. CONCLUSIONS: The changes with gestational age in expression of some keratins may be related to the development of the reservoir function of the bladder. The impermeability of transitional epithelium, particularly during early fetal development, is possibly a function of umbrella and intermediate transitional cells.     

进展期肺癌肿瘤标记物临床应用价值

目的 :评价进展期肺癌患者血清癌胚抗原 (CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (NSE)、细胞角蛋白19片段 (CYFRA2 1 1)水平在肺癌诊断、确定病理类型和病情评估方面的临床价值。方法 :采用生物素酶免法测定 79例ⅢA、ⅢB、Ⅳ期原发性肺癌和术后复发或转移患者血清CEA、NSE、CYFRA2 1 1水平。结果 :79例进展期肺癌患者治疗前CEA、NSE、CYFRA2 1 1明显高于正常对照组。 3项联合检测阳性率达 97 5 %。鳞癌组、腺癌组和小细胞未分化癌组之间肿瘤标记物水平差异有显著性。CEA水平以腺癌组最高 ,NSE水平以小细胞未分化癌组最高 ,CYFRA2 1 1水平以鳞癌组最高。化疗有效者肿瘤标记物水平降低 ,病情进展和肿瘤转移患者则升高。结论 :CEA、NSE、CYFRA2 1 1联合用于肺癌的诊断有极高的特异性和敏感性 ,NSE CYFRA2 1 1与肺癌的病理类型有很好的相关性 ,为无法做病理学检查的患者的治疗提供支持 ,此外在病情监测和疗效判断方面可为临床提供有价值的资料     

Cytokeratin CK 7 and CK 20 expression in pituitary adenomas

The pattern of immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins 7 (CK 7) and 20 (CK 20) is commonly used to assess possible primary sites of metastatic carcinomas. Because pituitary tumors are almost always benign, there has been little interest in their cytokeratin profile. However, we recently reported the use of CK 7/20 expression to document malignant progression and metastasis of a pituitary tumor, indicating the potential diagnostic usefulness of the CK 7/20 profile of pituitary adenomas. We analyzed CK 7/20 expression in 97 pituitary adenomas subclassified by immunohistochemical hormone expression. In about 90% of all subtypes, CK 7 was either negative or reactive in only a few scattered cells. Corticotrophs and sparsely granulated growth hormone-positive adenomas were consistently CK 20 positive (and CK 7 negative) whereas all other subtypes were almost always CK 20 negative. This CK 20-positive, CK 7-negative profile is previously described consistently only in colonic adenocarcinomas. This study documents that subtypes of pituitary adenomas have different CK 7/20 profiles. Whereas this pattern is likely to have diagnostic usefulness in only rare adenomas, the presence of a unique CK signature in corticotrophs and sparsely granulated growth hormone-positive adenomas, subtypes particularly noted for invasive and aggressive behavior, merits further investigation.