树型金银花无公害优质加工技术的研究

目的探讨树型金银花无公害优质加工技术。方法采用树型金银花晾晒和烘烤以及"烤房3段变温烘烤技术"。结果烘干产品比晒干产品具有明显的质量和价格优势,价格高57.1%。烤房3段变温技术第1段烘干温度控制在35～40℃,烘8～9h;第2段将温度提高到50～55℃左右,烘烤6～8h;第3段温度升到60～70℃,烘烤5～6h左右;烘干总时间不超过24h。结论无公害优质加工技术利于规模化生产,获得无公害的绿色产品,增加金银花附加值。     

反义核酸技术及应用

反义核酸技术是用人工合成的或生物合成的特定互补的DNA或RNA片段阻断从基因到蛋白的信息流 ,以达到抑制或阻断基因表达的生物新技术。利用核酸分子杂交原理将反义寡核苷酸 (antisenseoligonucleotide,ASON)作为外源性基因表达抑制物结合到靶mRNA序列上阻止其翻译成蛋白[1 ] 。具有杂交特异性和选择性调节基因的表达的特点[2 ] ,这一技术不仅已成为常用的实验室研究方法 ,还广泛的应用于研究病毒、肿瘤、寄生虫和遗传性疾病的预防和治疗 ,具有重要的应用前景。对于人类基因的研究 ,人们采用分子克隆、分子杂交、PCR技术等一系列研究…     

The Community Links of a Sample of People with Intellectual Disabilities

Background In 1995, an unpublished study (S. Hewson & C. Waters) showed that the community links of residents in 11 local National Health Services (NHS) trust houses were meagre, despite the service's stated commitment to community presence and participation. The 1995 study was repeated for the same 11 houses in 2002 to examine whether any changes had occurred. Method A test–retest design, with repeated measures was used, involving, as closely as possible, the same participants at two time points. Community links referred to the time residents spent outside their house, and the time unpaid visitors spent inside the house in the presence of the residents. Results The community links of the people studied were no better in 2002 than in 1995. Conclusions These findings question whether current service provision can deliver policy objectives for social inclusion for people with intellectual disabilities.     

消渴降糖胶囊制备工艺的研究

目的 研究消渴降糖胶囊制备工艺.方法 采用高效液相色谱仪,以甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(60∶40)为流动相,检测波长为367 nm进行测定,记录色谱图,计算峰面积.结果 提取3 h、提取2 h与提取1 h相比,槲皮素提取率有显著增高(P<0.05),但提取3 h与提取2 h槲皮素的含量无显著性变化,浸膏得率3 h比2 h显著提高(P<0.05);加醇量4.0倍与3.0倍相比较,浸膏得率显著降低(P<0.05),槲皮素含量相差不大.结论 在制备消渴降糖胶囊工艺中,应减少能源消耗,降低无效成分的提取率,减少浸膏量.在尽量减少杂质,保留有效成分,降低服用量的综合考虑下,采用4.0倍量乙醇进行醇沉有效成分损失少,浸膏得率低,符合工业化要求.     

应用蛋白质组学技术在人肾癌组织中发现2个特异性生物标志物

目的探讨人肾肿瘤组织和正常肾组织之间蛋白质的差异表达，寻找特异性生物标记物。方法应用蛋白质组学（SELDI）技术，检测12例人肾肿瘤和正常肾组织蛋白质谱图表达。结果与正常肾组织比较，在IMAC3蛋白质芯片上人肾肿瘤组织谱图中显示2个特异性蛋白质峰明显增高，相对分子质量依次为5750.4和5861.7，其特异性和敏感性高。结论人肾肿瘤组织中特异性蛋白质的发现，对进一步研究肿瘤发生机理及其临床特异性生物标志物的检测等具有重要意义。     

应用现代口腔粘结技术治疗儿童下颌骨骨折

目的:探讨口腔粘结技术对儿童下颌骨骨折的治疗效果。方法:对37例儿童下颌骨骨折应用复合树脂粘结固定夹板,其中 4例应用复合树脂直接固定;13例实施尼龙丝结扎-复合树脂固定夹板;12例实施贴钩-尼克丝-复合树脂固定;3例应用金属丝弓一复合树脂单颌固定;5例实施牙列贴钩 带钩丝弓-复合树脂颌间弹性牵引。结果:37例儿童下颌骨骨折中有35例咬合关系恢复正常,2例 有轻度错(牙合),经调(牙合)后咬合关系正常。结论:儿童混合牙列时期乳、恒牙交替及牙齿形态特殊,又儿童下颌骨中含有牙胚不易手术治疗,而常规牙弓夹板固定困难,因此,应用复合树脂粘结固定夹板治疗儿童下颌骨骨折是一项简易、高效的技术。     

Role of proteasomes in the formation of neurofilamentous inclusions in spinal motor neurons of aluminum‐treated rabbits

We examined the role of the 20S proteasome in pathologic changes, including abnormal aggregation of phosphorylated neurofilaments, of spinal motor nerve cells from aluminum‐treated rabbits. Immunohistochemistry for the 20S proteasome revealed that many lumbar spinal motor neurons without intracytoplasmic neurofilamentous inclusions or with small inclusions were more intensely stained in aluminum‐treated rabbits than in controls, whereas the immunoreactivity was greatly decreased in some enlarged neurons containing large neurofilamentous inclusions. Proteasome activity in whole spinal cord extracts was significantly increased in aluminum‐treated rabbits compared with controls. Furthermore, Western blot analysis indicated that the 20S proteasome degraded non‐phosphorylated high molecular weight neurofilament (neurofilament‐H) protein in vitro. These results suggest that aluminum does not inhibit 20S proteasome activity, and the 20S proteasome degrades neurofilament‐H protein. We propose that abnormal aggregation of phosphorylated neurofilaments is induced directly by aluminum, and is not induced by the proteasome inhibition in the aluminum‐treated rabbits. Proteasome activation might be involved in intracellular proteolysis, especially in the earlier stages of motor neuron degeneration in aluminum‐treated rabbits.     

The first 50 years of military radiology 1895–1945

Following the discovery of X-rays in 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen the value to the military surgeon of the new technique was soon realised. The localisation of retained bullets by radiography avoided inappropriate exploration of the wound. The X-rays were first used on casualties from the Abyssinian War of 1896 and the developing radiological technology was progressively applied to military surgery. In addition the needs of warfare stimulated the development of all aspects of radiology.     

Where's the Beef? The Promise and the Reality of Clinical Documentation

Physician-generated emergency department clinical documentation (information obtained from clinician observations and summarized decision processes inclusive of all manner of electronic systems capturing, storing, and presenting clinical documentation) serves four purposes: recording of medical care and communication among providers; payment for hospital and physician; legal defense from medical negligence allegations; and symptom/disease surveillance, public health, and research functions. In the consensus development process described by Handler, these objectives were balanced with the consideration of efficiency, often evaluated as physician time and clinical documentation system costs, in recording the information necessary for their accomplishment. The consensus panel session participants and authors recommend that 1) clinical documentation be electronically retrievable; 2) selection and implementation be evidence-based and grounded on valid metrics (research is needed to identify these metrics); 3) the user interface be crafted to promote clinical excellence through high-quality information collection and efficient charting techniques; 4) the priorities for integration of clinical information be standardized and implemented within enterprises and across health and information systems; 5) systems use accepted standards for bidirectional, real-time clinical data exchange, without limiting the location or number of simultaneous users; 6) systems fully utilize existing electronic sources of specific patient information and general medical knowledge; 7) systems automatically and reliably capture appropriate data that support electronic billing for emergency department services; and 8) systems promote bedside documentation and mobile access.