Immune activation during pregnancy in mice leads to dopaminergic hyperfunction and cognitive impairment in the offspring: a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: Maternal viral infection is associated with increased risk for schizophrenia. It is hypothesized that the maternal immune response to viruses may influence fetal brain development and lead to schizophrenia. METHODS: To mimic a viral infection, the synthetic double strand RNA polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (poly I:C) was administered into pregnant mice. Behavioral evaluations (thigmotaxis, methamphetamine [MAP]-induced hyperactivity, novel-object recognition test [NORT]), sensorimotor gating (prepulse inhibition [PPI]), and biochemical evaluation of the dopaminergic function of the offspring of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated dams (PBS-mice) and that of poly I:C-treated dams (poly I:C-mice) were examined. RESULTS: In juveniles, no difference was found between the poly I:C-mice and PBS-mice. However, in adults, the poly I:C-mice exhibited attenuated thigmotaxis, greater response in MAP-induced (2 mg/kg) hyperlocomotion, deficits in PPI, and cognitive impairment in NORT compared with the PBS-mice. Cognitive impairment in the adult poly I:C-mice could be improved by subchronic administration of clozapine (5.0 mg/kg) but not haloperidol (.1 mg/kg). Increased dopamine (DA) turnover and decreased receptor binding of D2-like receptors, but not D1-like receptors, in the striatum were found in adult poly I:C-mice. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal poly I:C administration causes maturation-dependent increased subcortical DA function and cognitive impairment in the offspring, indicating a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia.     

参芪扶正注射液对淋巴细胞的作用

目的:观察参芪扶正注射液对淋巴细胞的作用.方法:用参芪扶正注射液处理Jurkat淋巴细胞,通过台盘兰染色计数和流式细胞计观察其对淋巴细胞的作用,用参芪处理过的淋巴细胞分别加入化疗药和肝癌细胞,观察两种细胞的反应.结果:参芪扶正注射液处理过的淋巴细胞,细胞增殖快,有较强的抵抗化疗药诱导凋亡的能力,杀伤肝癌细胞的能力增强.结论:参芪扶正注射液具有多方面的免疫调节作用.     

丙氨酸锗抗肿瘤活性及免疫效应

为探讨丙氨酸锗的抗肿瘤活性及免疫效应，本文进行了两个瘤株的抗肿瘤实验和免疫实验。结果表明：丙氨酸锗能明显延长移植Ｈ２２肝癌腹水型小鼠的生存时间，抑制Ｓ１８０肉瘤生长，提高Ｔ淋巴细胞＾８Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入指数，增强单核吞噬细胞吞噬功能。提示丙氨酸锗具有抗肿瘤活性，其抗肿瘤活性可能是通过提高机体免疫机能实现的。     

不育患者血清精子蛋白17抗体的检测及临床意义

目的:检测抗精子抗体(AsAb)阳性不育患者血清中抗精子蛋白17(Sp17)的抗体,探讨该抗体在免疫性不育血清学诊断和免疫避孕方面的潜在应用价值。方法:用重组人Sp17作为抗原,ELISA法检测62例AsAb阳性血清中Sp17抗体阳性率及滴度,分析AsAb中抗Sp17的含量。结果:AsAb阳性血清中Sp17抗体阳性率为56.5%,男女之间差异无显著性。Sp17抗体占AsAb的(10.09±7.45)%,结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Sp17是重要的精子抗原组分,血清中Sp17抗体的检测可作为不育患者辅助诊断指标,同时也提示Sp17可能是一种免疫避孕候选抗原疫苗。     

具有靶向免疫抑制作用新型重组融合蛋白B7-2-PE40KDEL真核表达载体的构建及其生物效应

目的:构建B7-2-PE40KDEL的真核表达载体,探讨通过体内表达重组融合蛋白,特异性杀伤高表达CD28 T细胞,阻断B7∶CD28/CTLA4共刺激信号途径诱导免疫耐受的可能性.方法:以原核表达载体pRSETA-B7-2-PE40KDEL质粒为模板,采用PCR及酶切连接的方法构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/Zeo( )-B7-2-PE40KDEL.利用RT-PCR、Western 印迹及ELISA法从mRNA、蛋白质水平检测了B7-2-PE40KDEL在RPE-CHO真核细胞中的表达情况.采用MTT法对其特异性杀伤高表达CD28 T细胞的生物活性进行测定.结果:成功构建了pcDNA3.1/Zeo( )-B7-2-PE40KDEL真核表达载体,转染入RPE-CHO细胞后可转录翻译为重组融合毒素蛋白,相对分子质量约为71×103,平均106个转染细胞24 h表达0.23 μg/L.活性测定显示真核载体所表达的B7-2-PE40KDEL可特异性地抑制高表达CD28的人T淋巴细胞系,而对CD28阴性的人白血病细胞系的抑制率较低.结论:真核载体表达的B7-2-PE40KDEL具有良好的靶向性免疫抑制活性,为进一步开展其体内特异性防治移植排斥反应及自身免疫性疾病奠定了基础.     

松花粉抗衰老作用的实验研究

目的　观察松花粉的抗衰老作用。方法　用含松花粉的饲料喂养衰老小鼠 ,测定小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Per)的活性 ,测定脑组织中丙二醛 (MDA)含量及脑组织和肝脏中的脂褐质 (Lf)含量 ,同时测定胸腺和脾脏的重量及网状内皮系统的吞噬功能。结果　松花粉能明显增加衰老小鼠血清中SOD、CAT、GSH Per活性 ,降低脑组织中MDA含量及脑组织和肝脏中的Lf含量 ,并增加胸腺和脾脏质量 ,提高网状内皮系统吞噬功能。结论　松花粉具有抗衰老作用     

约氏疟原虫感染不同小鼠免疫分子的应答差异

目的探讨在约氏疟原虫感染过程中不同宿主的免疫应答差异。方法以约氏疟原虫（致死型）感染DBA／2和BALB／c小鼠，计算红细胞感染率；收集感染前和感染后1、3、6、9、12、15、20d小鼠血清，并无菌取出脾脏，培养脾细胞。应用ELISA试剂盒检测小鼠血清中IFN-γ和IL-12水平，并通过Griess方法检测脾细胞培养上清中NO含量。结果DBA／2小鼠的原虫血症峰值水平明显低于BALB／c小鼠，并于感染后第20d左右自愈；BALB／c小鼠于原虫血症达到峰值水平后全部死亡；DBA／2小鼠的IFN-γ和IL-12水平于感染后1d即出现了有意义的升高并持续到第20d；BALB／c小鼠的IFN-γ和IL-12水平仅干感染后1d出现了有意义的升高；DBA／2小鼠NO的产生于感染后3d出现了有意义的升高，第6d达到峰值，而BALB／c小鼠的NO水平始终未见明显升高。结论DBA／2小鼠通过感染早期Th1细胞免疫应答的有效建立能够抑制原虫血症，IL-12是启动并维持Th1细胞免疫应答的关键性细胞因子。     

Adeno-Associated Viral Vector-Mediated Interleukin-10 Prolongs Allograft Survival in a Rat Kidney Transplantation Model

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of immune responses. Hence, we evaluated the effects of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector 1 (rAAV1) encoding rat IL-10 (rAAV1-IL-10) in a rat model of kidney allograft rejection. Dark Agouti rat kidneys were transplanted into Wistar-Furth (WF) rats 8 weeks following a single intramuscular administration of either rAAV1-IL-10 or rAAV1-green fluorescence protein (GFP). Isografts (WF-WF) served as an additional experimental control. Both allograft and isograft recipients received daily cyclosporine (10 mg/kg) for 14 days after transplantation. Serum IL-10 levels increased at 8, 12 and 16 weeks following vector administration in rAAV1-IL-10-treated animals, but not in rAAV1-GFP and isograft groups. rAAV1-IL-10 treatment resulted in lower BUN and creatinine levels (p<0.001), as well as increased allograft survival rates from 22% to 90%. Allograft histological abnormalities were significantly attenuated in the rAAV1-IL-10-treated rats compared with those of rAAV1-GFP controls. Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as growth-related oncogene were also significantly higher in the rAAV1-GFP group than in the rAAV1-IL-10 group. These data suggest delivery of IL-10 using a rAAV1 vector improves renal function and prolongs graft survival in a rat model of kidney transplant rejection.     

免疫增强型肠内营养对老年胃癌术后免疫功能的影响

目的评价免疫增强型肠内营养对老年胃癌患者术后营养、免疫功能、炎性反应及并发症方面的影响。方法66例胃癌患者随机分成免疫增强肠内营养组(34例)与常规肠内营养组(32例),术后24 h给等热量、氮量肠内营养支持1周,比较术前1 d、术后第9天两组的营养、免疫指标、细胞因子的变化及并发症情况。结果术后免疫增强组前白蛋白与转铁蛋白均上升,而常规组均下降,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后白蛋白两组均下降(P>0.05);术后两组IgMI、gA均升高且免疫增强组的升高更明显(P<0.05);术后免疫增强组的CD3 、CD4 及CD4 /CD8 均高于常规组(P<0.05),但CD8 无差异(P>0.05);术后两组IL-1α与IL-2均有下降,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后两组IL-6与TNF-α均升高,且常规组IL-6、TNF-α的升高更明显(P<0.05);术后免疫增强组感染性并发症发生率(11.8%)明显低于常规组(25%)(P<0.05)。结论老年胃癌患者术后给予免疫增强型肠内营养在提高蛋白质合成、减轻炎性反应、改善免疫功能及降低并发症方面优于常规的肠内营养。     

纳豆冻干粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 观察纳豆冻干粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法分别以80mg／kg、160mg／kg、320mg／kg三个剂量纳豆冻干粉灌胃喂养小鼠，并设蒸馏水对照组；30d后，检测小鼠体质量、胸腺和脾脏指数、NK细胞活性、单核-巨噬细胞吞噬能力等。结果纳豆冻干粉对小鼠体质量无明显影响；中、高剂量组小鼠NK细胞活性、巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数均较对照组显著提高（P〈0．05）。结论纳豆冻干粉具有增强小鼠免疫功能的作用。