1962～1991年鄞县钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析

１９６２～１９９１年鄞县钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析浙江省鄞县卫生防疫站３１５０４０孙灵英，肖伟飞，徐来荣，周廉胜，傅小飞为了探讨钩端螺旋体病（以下简称钩体病）在我县的流行规律，为制定、改进我县钩体病防治对策提供科学依据，我们将３０年（１９６２～１９９１...     

An experimental model of mitochondrial myopathy: Germanium-induced myopathy and coenzyme Q10 administration

In skeletal muscles from rats treated with germanium for 23 weeks, there were numerous ragged-red fibers and cytochrome-c oxidase (COX)-deficient fibers. Biochemically, germanium reduced the enzyme activities in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Rotenone-sensitive NADH–cytochrome-c reductase as well as COX activities were markedly reduced, while succinate–cytochrome-c reductase was less severely, but significantly, affected. The histopathological findings in these muslces were similar to those seen in patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, suggesting that germanium-induced myopathy may be a useful experimental model. Coenzyme Q₁₀ administration appeared to be ineffective in preventing this experimental myopathy. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

酒石酸锗复合物的抗炎作用及作用机理

灌胃酒石酸锗复合物２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，明显地抑制二甲苯或巴豆油所致小鼠耳壳肿胀，抑制角叉菜所致大鼠足肿胀，抑制小鼠棉球肉芽肿增生及佛氏完全佐剂所致大鼠关节炎．这表明，酒石酸锗夏合物具有抑制急、慢性及免疫性炎症的作用，还降低小鼠毛细血管通透性，增强小鼠单核巨噬细胞系统的吞噬功能，抑制大鼠热烫足肿胀，减少大鼠炎症部位的ＰＣＥ２含量．提示，酒石酸锗复合物的抗炎作用与降低毛细血管通透性，增强单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和抑制炎症部位的激肽类、ＰＧＥ２的合成、释放有关．     

Breast cancer detection by dedicated breast positron emission tomography according to the World Health Organization classification of breast tumors

ObjectiveConsidering the difficulty in detecting primary breast cancers using whole-body positron emission tomography (WBPET) owing to its limited spatial resolution, we aimed to evaluate the detectability of breast cancer by ring-type dedicated breast PET (DbPET) on the World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification in comparison with WBPET.MethodsA total of 938 patients with breast cancer underwent WBPET and ring-type DbPET, and 1021 lesions were histologically assessed based on the WHO classification of tumors of the breast. The findings of WBPET and DbPET were retrospectively evaluated and compared.ResultsThe size-related sensitivity of DbPET was superior to that of WBPET for subcentimetric tumors (81.9% vs. 52.4%, P < 0.001). The histological distribution was as follows: 11 lobular carcinoma in situ, 158 ductal carcinoma in situ, 738 infiltrating duct carcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS), 12 lobular carcinoma NOS, 40 mucinous adenocarcinoma, 13 tubular carcinoma, 36 invasive breast carcinoma others, and 13 papillary neoplasms. WBPET had low sensitivity for lobular carcinoma in situ, ductal carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma NOS, mucinous adenocarcinoma, and tubular carcinoma. DbPET showed improved sensitivity for all the above except lobular and tubular carcinoma. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of DbPET were significantly higher than those of WBPET for histological types, excluding lobular carcinoma in situ. The SUVmax of papillary neoplasms was high regardless of low-grade histology and Ki-67 labeling index.ConclusionsDBPET was found to have high sensitivity and SUVmax values for all histologic types that showed low sensitivity of detection on WBPET, except lobular carcinoma in situ.     

灵芝多糖锗的抗肿瘤及免疫增强作用研究

目的 :研究灵芝多糖锗对实验性肉瘤和腹腔巨噬细胞活性的影响。方法 :利用接种肉瘤S180 腹水型诱导的小鼠肿瘤模型 ,检测对S180 肉瘤的抑制率 ;利用酸性磷酸酶测定法 ,检测对荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性的影响。结果 :灵芝多糖锗可抑制小鼠S180 肉瘤的生长 ,能增强荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的活性。结论 :灵芝多糖锗具有抗肿瘤及免疫增强活性。     

富锗人参细胞的培养及含量测定

目的 :通过在培养基里加入二氧化锗 ,培养获得富锗人参细胞 (GSC) ,并对其进行组分分离及探讨锗的分布情况。方法 :应用胶束增溶分光光度法测定富锗GSC中锗的含量。结果 :在 5ppm的富锗培养基上培养的GSC中锗的转化率最高 ( 1 1 1 8% )。锗在GSC中可能主要以和蛋白质及多糖结合的形式而存在 ,且单位蛋白质结合的锗的量大于单位糖结合的锗的量。结论 :GSC对GeO2 转化率随GeO2 的培养浓度增加而减少 ,证明GSC对GeO2 有一定的吸收度 ,GSC可望成为有机锗转化的合适载体。     

Induced radioactivity in the blood of cancer patients following Boron Neutron Capture Therapy

Since 1990, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has been used for over 400 cancer patients at the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI). After BNCT, the patients are radioactive and their ²⁴Na and ³⁸Cl levels can be detected via a Na-I scintillation counter. This activity is predominantly due to ²⁴Na, which has a half-life of 14.96 h and thus remains in the body for extended time periods. Radioactive ²⁴Na is mainly generated from ²³Na in the target tissue that is exposed to the neutron beam in BNCT. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the radioactivity of blood ²⁴Na following BNCT and the absorbed gamma ray dose in the irradiated field. To assess blood ²⁴Na, 1 ml of peripheral blood was collected from 30 patients immediately after the exposure, and the radioactivity of blood ²⁴Na was determined using a germanium counter. The activity of ²⁴Na in the blood correlated with the absorbed gamma ray doses in the irradiated field. For the same absorbed gamma ray dose in the irradiated field, the activity of blood ²⁴Na was higher in patients with neck or lung tumors than in patients with brain or skin tumors. The reasons for these findings are not readily apparent, but the difference in the blood volume and the ratio of bone to soft tissue in the irradiated field, as well as the dose that leaked through the clinical collimator, may be responsible.     

Response of Ge photon detectors to beta-rays and possible reduction of photopeak areas due to beta–gamma coincidence summing effects

In the use of photon detectors having sensitivity to β-rays or internal conversion electrons (CEs), β–γ and/or X–CE coincidence summing may arise. In particular, an n-type germanium detector has a thin dead layer and window, causing considerably higher sensitivity to β-rays and/or CEs especially when sources are located at a small source-to-detector distance. In the present research, reduction of the photopeak area due to β–γ or X–CE coincidence summing has been studied for three germanium detectors.     

灰树花富锗培养研究

对食药用真菌灰树花的耐锗和富锗特性进行了研究 .结果表明 ,灰树花的耐锗能力和富锗能力都很强 .在锗质量分数为 1 0 0～ 3 0 0 0mg/kg的固体培养基上 ,菌丝均能生长 ,当锗质量分数超过 2 50 0mg/kg时 ,菌丝生长受到一定影响 .采用液体深层培养 ,在锗质量分数为 1 0 0～ 1 50 0mg/kg范围内 ,菌丝体富集锗的范围为 2 96～ 3 74 6mg/kg(以干菌丝计 ) ,当锗质量分数为 50 0mg/kg时 ,菌丝体对锗的吸收率最高 ,达 3 .58% .适当的锗还能促进菌丝体对培养液中还原糖的利用并提高菌丝干收率及胞外多糖分泌量 ,但对发酵液 pH值、发酵周期及菌丝体胞内多糖产量没有明显影响 .