病理性近视眼的研究进展

通过复习近年来相关文献,对近视眼发生发展机制与形觉剥夺之间的关系进行综合评述。认为近视眼的发生及眼轴延长与形觉剥夺有一定关系,深入研究其相关机制,对近视眼的早期防治具有重要意义。     

中药结合心理干预治疗不安障碍40例

[目的]探索不安障碍治疗的有效途径。[方法]采用中药结合心理干预治疗不安障碍患者40例。[结果]显效31例(77·5%)、有效7例(17·5%)无效2例(5·0%)。SDS、CMI有显著性差异。[结论]中药结合心理干预治疗不安障碍疗效显著。     

The abnormal anatomy of cleft lip and its correction

Summary The importance of the premaxillary position, size and shape in the development of the face and nose is discussed. The anthropological development of the premaxilla is studied. These factors are to be considered when cleft lip repairs are being planned and developed. Several cases are presented and discussed.     

Demonstration of Right and Left Atrial Dissociation by Atrial Rapid Pacing or Extrastimulation During Fast-Slow (Uncommon) Form of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia

Some recent works suggest that extranodal atrial fibers may form part of the reenlry circuit in the atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). This hypothesis is based on the fact that the perinodal dissection successfully abolished AVNRT while preserving intact AV conduction. Apart from the surgical success, the electrophysiological evidence supporting this hypothesis has not been demonstrated, especially in the uncommon (fast-slow) form of AVNRT. We present some electrophysiological evidence suggesting atrial participation in eight patients with the fast-slow form of AVNRT. During the tachycardia, rapid pacing or extrastimulation was done from the orifice of the coronary sinus (CS) and the right atrium (RA), while recording the electrograms of the CS and the low septal RA. In seven patients, right and left atrial dissociation was demonstrated during pacing from the RA, while in the remaining one this was demonstrated from the CS. The interatrial dissociation will be unlikely if the intranodal reentry circuit connects with the atria via a single upper common pathway. This suggests that the upper turnaround of the reentry circuit involves atrial tissue and that the extranodal accessory pathway with long conduction times may form the ascending limb of the circuit (atrionodal reentry). Alternatively, the reentry circuit is entirely intranodal and two or more connecting pathways are present between the atria and the circuit.     

太钢1998～2002年放射工作人员个人剂量监测分析

目的为进一步调查太钢放射工作人员外照射剂量大小，以评价太钢近几年来放射管理和放射防护效果，降低放射危害，保护放射工作人员身体健康。方法根据GB5294-85《放射工作人员个人剂量监测方法》将1998-2002年在太钢从事放射的工作人员分为4组：医用X射线、工业X射线、工业γ射线和医用同位素组，进行外照射个人剂量监测，并计算1998-2002年各年度平均年剂量当量。每年监测4个周期，每个周期为3个月，并对监测结果进行分析。结果①5个年度平均年剂量当量为1．46mSv，1998年最高，从2000年起有逐渐下降的趋势；并且除2002年与2000、2001年比较，U检验差异无统计学意义外，其余各年度之间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；②1998-2002年各工种之间年个人剂量当量监测结果，以工业γ射线组均值最低，医用X射线组最高。U检验，工业γ射线组与其他3个组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），医用X射线组与工业X射线组比较，差异亦有统计学意义；③1998-2002年各年度年个人有效剂量频数分组分布，〈1mSv／a组占受检总数的27.11％，〉5mSv／a的占0．31％，〈5mSv／a的占99．69％。经χ^2检验，各年度之间比较，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=377．33，P〈0．01）；④各工种个人剂量当量分组频数分布情况：〈1mSv／a占受检总数的26．49％，1-2mSv／a组占59．89％．2-3mSv／a占10．52％，〈5mSv／a的占99．69％，〉5mSv／a仅3例，为医用X线组。各工种之间比较，χ^2检验有统计学意义（χ^2=1030．79，P〈0．001）。结论1998-2002年平均剂量当量远低于国家标准，并逐年下降，说明近5年太钢加强放射工作人员的健康和防护设施管理的工作，放射工作环境是安全的。     

Excessive daytime somnolence in Japanese patients with Parkinson''s disease

To investigate the prevalence and severity of excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) in Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to examine the main cause of EDS. Fifty-three Japanese patients with PD (PDs: 32 females and 21 males) and 17 controls (10 females and seven males) were evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The severity of the disease was evaluated by Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and information about quality and quantity of medications was collected. The correlations amongst EDS and age, severity of PD, duration of illness and medications were analyzed. The mean ESS score was significantly higher in advanced PDs than in controls, and correlated with the UPDRS score (r(s) = 0.743, P < 0.0001). Age, duration of illness and the dose of levodopa weakly correlated with ESS score. The intake of dopamine agonists did not affect the severity of EDS. The mean ESS score in PDs was lower than that reported in PD in European and American studies. EDS in Japanese patients with PD was milder compared with Caucasian patients, which might be due to the lower doses of the medications used in Japan. The results suggest that EDS in PD is mainly because of neuropathological changes of the disease itself.     

Regional cerebral activity associated with the incidental processing of pseudo-words

In order to study brain activity associated with “incidental” cognitive processing, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured in six volunteers while they monitored a sequence of pseudo-words (e.g., FLOPE) for the rare occasions when the letters were displayed in blue rather than white. In the control condition, the same pseudo-word was presented repeatedly. In one experimental condition all 60 pseudo-words were different, while in the other there were 18 repetitions. Although it was not necessary to “read” the pseudo-words to perform the monitoring task, subsequent forced choice recognition memory for these stimuli was significantly greater than chance. Furthermore, there were significant differences in blood flow between the three conditions. When different pseudo-words were presented there was significantly greater activity in brain areas concerned with shape and object identity (extrastriate cortex bilaterally), with visual word form (left inferior temporal gyrus), and with articulatory word form (Broca's area) even though none of this information about the pseudo-words was needed for performance of the monitoring task. In the condition in which some of the words were repeated, there was significantly reduced activity in the right lingual gyrus. This area may therefore be a possible anatomical locus for repetition priming with verbal stimuli. These results indicate the importance of taking into account incidental processing when designing tasks for functional imaging experiments. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

冻干水痘减毒活疫苗最小免疫剂量的研究

通过临床研究确定冻干水痘减毒活疫苗的最小免疫剂量 ,为制定规程中的免疫剂量提供科学依据。观察对象接种不同免疫剂量的冻干水痘减毒活疫苗后 ,于接种前和接种后 6周采血 ,采用荧光抗膜抗体 (FAMA)法检测其抗体阳转率和几何平均滴度 (GMT)。接种不同免疫剂量的疫苗 ,抗体阳转率差异无显著的统计学意义。疫苗中抗原含量在 2 5 0 0 0PFU/ml和 2 0 0 0PFU/ml之间 ,GMT差异无显著的统计学意义 ,但 2 5 0 0 0PFU/ml、2 0 0 0PFU/ml与 2 0 0PFU/ml之间抗体GMT的差异有极显著的统计学意义。研究结果表明 ,2 0 0 0PFU/ml为冻干水痘减毒活疫苗的最小免疫剂量。     

复方卡托普利片中氢氯噻嗪的含量及均匀度测定

用紫外分光度法直接溯定复方卡托普利片中氢氯噻嗪的含量及均匀度。测定波长为272±1nm,平均回收率100.2%,变异系数0.3%,吸收度与氢氯噻嗪的浓度在1～10μg/ml 范围内具有线性关系。     

髂股静脉血栓形成血浆降钙素基因相关肽测定的临床意义

目的　探讨降钙素基因相关肽对髂股静脉血栓形成的影响。方法　回顾性分析 5 0例髂股静脉血栓形成患者降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的水平 ,以及对比研究联合应用尿激酶和复方丹参注射液治疗前后CGRP的变化。结果　急性髂股静脉血栓形成患者均存在高水平的CGRP ,与对照组比较具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗后 6h血浆CGRP水平明显升高 ,3d达到最高峰 ,15d接近正常水平。结论　CGRP可以作为髂股静脉血栓形成的诊断指标之一 ,联合应用尿激酶和复方丹参注射液对髂股静脉血栓形成有较好的疗效。