脑胶质瘤耐放射细胞亚株的建立方法

目的探索诱导并建立脑胶质瘤耐放射细胞亚株的体外实验方法,为进一步研究胶质瘤放疗抵抗发生的分子生物学机制提供基础。方法以脑胶质瘤U251细胞株为实验对象,通过体外细胞培养,应用60Co射线对脑胶质瘤U251细胞株进行小剂量重复的诱导照射,得到U251耐放射细胞亚株RR-U251。观察RRU251细胞形态的变化;MTT检测其细胞活力,流式细胞仪(FCM)检测其细胞凋亡;集落形成实验检测细胞克隆团形成。结果放射治疗后,RR-U251与U251细胞的相比:细胞增殖活力增强11.5%,迁移能力增强50%,侵袭能力增强87.5%,凋亡率下降69.6%,细胞集落形成率升高88.5%;RR-U251放射敏感性明显下降。结论小剂量重复照射诱导法能较好地建立胶质瘤耐放射细胞亚株RR-U251。     

M-CSF、CA153、HPV联合检测在宫颈癌早期筛查中的临床意义

目的研究巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)、糖类抗原153(CA153)、人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)联合检测在宫颈癌早期筛查中的临床意义。方法以该院2016年3月至2018年10月收治的120例宫颈癌患者作为宫颈癌组,另选取同期于该院体检合格者120例作为健康组以及不典型增生患者120例作为CIN组。比较3组研究对象M-CSF、CA153、HPV水平差异,分析宫颈癌患者的M-CSF、CA153、HPV水平相关性以及单独检测和联合检测的效能差异。结果宫颈癌组患者的M-CSF、CA153、HPV水平均显著高于CIN组和健康组(P<0.05);宫颈癌组患者的M-CSF、CA153、HPV水平与宫颈癌呈正相关,均为宫颈癌的独立危险因素,通过ROC曲线分析,宫颈癌组患者的M-CSF、CA153、HPV联合检测的诊断灵敏度高于单独检测,宫颈癌患者的M-CSF、CA153的诊断界值分别为485.12pg/mL和317.62U/mL。结论M-CSF、CA153、HPV联合检测对宫颈癌早期筛查具有重要意义,在一定程度上可对患者的宫颈癌病变进行早期预测。     

Holotransferrin enhances selective anticancer activity of artemisinin against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Artemisinin, also termed qinghaosu, is extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine ar- temesia annua L. （the blue-green herb） in the early 1970s, which has been confirmed for effectively treating malaria, Additionally, emerging data prove that artemisinin exhibits anti-cancer effects against many types of cancers such as leukemia, melanoma, etc. Artemisinin becomes cytotoxic in the presence of ferrous iron. Since iron influx is high in cancer cells, artemisinin and its analogs selectively kill can- cer cells with increased intracellular iron concentrations. This study is aimed to investigate the selective inhibitory effects of artemisinin on SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and determine the effect of holotransfer- fin, which increases the concentration of ferrous iron in cancer cells, combined with artemisinin on the anticancer activity. MTT assay was used for assessing the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells treated with artemisinin. The induction of apoptosis and inhibition of colony formation in SMMC-7721 cells treated with artemisinin were determined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and col- ony formation assay, respectively. The results showed that artemisinin at various concentrations signifi- cantly inhibited growth, colony formation and cell viability of SMMC-7721 cells （P〈0.05）, likely due to induction of apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells. Of interest, it was found that incubation of artemisinin combined with holotransferrin sensitized the growth inhibitory effect of artemisinin on SMMC-7721 cells （P〈0.01）. Our data suggest that treatment with artemisinin leads to inhibition of viability and pro- liferation, and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 ceils. Furthermore, we observed that holotransferrin signifi- cantly enhanced the anti-cancer activity of artemisinin. This study may provide a potential therapeutic choice for liver cancer.     

Bone pain from granulocyte colony stimulating factor: does clinical trial sponsorship by a pharmaceutical company influence its reporting?

ALDAIRY Y., NGUYEN P.L. & JATOI A. (2011) European Journal of Cancer Care 20 , 72–76
Bone pain from granulocyte colony stimulating factor: does clinical trial sponsorship by a pharmaceutical company influence its reporting? It is alleged that pharmaceutical companies sometimes unfairly present clinical trial results. To our knowledge, studies have not explored whether such alleged unfair reporting also occurs in the testing of palliative care agents in cancer patients, a particularly vulnerable group. Therefore, a systematic search was conducted to retrieve all published, prospective clinical trials that used granulocyte colony stimulating factor starting in 2003. Because granulocyte colony stimulating factor can cause severe bone pain – a concerning but historically under‐reported symptom in cancer patients – this symptom was assessed to determine whether differences in reporting occurred based on pharmaceutical company‐sponsorship. A total of 239 published clinical trials met the present study's eligibility criteria and were retrievable. Within this entire group of studies, 65 (27%) were pharmaceutical company‐sponsored, and only 31 (13%) reported on bone pain. However, pharmaceutical company‐sponsored trials reported on bone pain at a higher rate compared with other studies: 23% versus 9% (P= 0.005), and this conclusion did not change after adjusting for dose, use of the slow release formulation and year of publication. The reporting of adverse events from cancer symptom control and palliative care interventions should be improved – especially in trials not sponsored by pharmaceutical companies.     

重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子致急性肾衰竭

1名54岁男性失代偿期肝硬化患者,皮下注射重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)200μg,1次/d。用药后第2天患者出现尿色变深,第4天出现眼睑水肿,肉眼血尿、少尿等症状。BUN由4.8mmol/L升至7.9mmol/L(最高13.9mmol/L),Cr由113μmol/L升至154μmol/L(最高308μmol/L)。停用rhG-CSF,给予还原型谷胱甘肽、硫普罗宁、呋塞米等对症支持治疗。2周后肾功能恢复正常。     

脑心通片微生物限度检查细菌计数方法的研究

目的：对有特殊抑菌情况的品种脑心通片建立适合的细菌计数方法。方法：采用测定菌回收率的方法，在2005年版药典规定的三种方法验证用细菌的基础上增加一种从样品中污染的细菌中分离纯化得到的菌株Z1进行脑心通片的细菌计数方法学验证。结果：用常规法对脑心通片细菌计数方法进行验证，2005年版药典规定的各试验菌回收率可达到70％以上，但微生物检查结果仍显示样品具有抑菌作用，且Z1的回收率达不到70％。改用培养基稀释法后，2005年版药典规定的各试验菌及Z1的回收率均达到70％以上，微生物检查结果正常。结论：单纯用药典规定的三种细菌试验菌对某些药品进行细菌计数方法验证不具有完全代表性，菌落计数方法验证应该是动态的研究过程。本试验确定的细菌计数方法能有效地消除脑心通片对各种细菌的抑菌作用，充分反映样品被污染情况。     

0.5%心居康杀白蚁饵剂防治台湾乳白蚁药效试验研究

目的研究0.5%心居康杀白蚁饵剂对台湾乳白蚁(Coptotermes formosanusShiraki)的防治效果。方法2001年在无锡和杭州进行了试验研究,试验分实验室和建筑物现场试验两个部分进行。结果无论是地上(AG)投药,还是地下(IG)投药,不论是室外投药还是室内投药,消灭一个族群需要35~69 d,平均(54.75±12.25)d。消灭一个族群只需要0.5%心居康杀白蚁饵剂48~150 g,平均(103.05±28.9)g,折合有效成分(0.52±0.146)g。结论0.5%心居康杀白蚁饵剂均可以达到消灭台湾乳白蚁的整个族群。     

普通与分级巡回控制术中空气菌落数的效果比较

目的研究分级与普通巡回模式下手术室空气中菌落数的变化。方法入选甲状腺和胃肠手术共80例,随机分为分级和普通巡回模式2组,每组各40例;从清晨静态到手术结束分10个时间点进行空气细菌培养。结果在普通巡回模式下,两种手术随时间延长手术室内空气中菌落数均呈直线上升,两种手术之间差异无统计学意义;分级巡回模式下,空气中菌落数随时间延长开始上升,随后平稳甚至下降,两种手术之间差别无统计学意义;在两种巡回模式之间,甲状腺手术从手术30 min开始出现,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),胃肠手术从手术开始出现,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论分级巡回模式较普通巡回模式能有效降低手术室中菌落数。     

医院空气菌落总数检测的影响因素

目的探讨各种因素对检测空气中菌落总数的影响程度,以确定检测条件,保证检测质量。方法按《医院消毒卫生标准》(GB15982-1995)和《医院消毒技术规范》2002规定的自然沉降法采样。结果采样时间、高度、培养时间、培养基预温和培养皿盖的扣法对菌落总数结果均有影响。结论自然沉降法采样时间以15min、高度以1.0m、培养时间以48h为宜。