c-FLIP反义寡核苷酸纳米粒抑制人眼眶横纹肌肉瘤裸鼠移植瘤的生长

目的探讨c-FLIP反义寡核苷酸(c-FLIP ASODN)纳米粒(NP)对裸鼠体内人眼眶横纹肌肉瘤移植瘤生长的影响,评估纳米粒作为基因载体的可行性。方法皮下种植法建立裸鼠人眼眶横纹肌肉瘤动物模型,瘤体内分别注射c-FLIP反义寡核苷酸纳米粒(ASODN NP组)、未包裹的c-FLIP反义寡核苷酸(ASODN组)及生理盐水(NS组),观察肿瘤体积、组织形态学改变;应用蛋白质印迹分析法及免疫组化染色检测各组肿瘤组织c-FLIP的表达情况;应用TUNEL细胞凋亡检测试剂盒检测肿瘤组织细胞凋亡情况。结果与其他两组相比,ASODN NP组肿瘤的生长受到抑制;蛋白质印迹分析显示ASODN NP组和ASODN组的c-FLIP表达均较NS组减少(P<0.05);免疫组化显示c-FLIP表达于胞质,ASODN NP组c-FLIP阳性细胞较其余两组减少(P<0.05);ASODN NP组及ASODN组肿瘤组织凋亡细胞增多,ASODN NP组更加明显,NS组仅见个别细胞凋亡。结论 c-FLIP ASODN NP可有效抑制人眼眶横纹肌肉瘤裸鼠移植瘤的生长。NP可作为一种安全有效的ASODN导入载体。     

白血病c-FLIP mRNA表达的初步研究

目的:探讨c-FLIPmRNA在白血病中的表达及其意义.方法:应用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测37例白血病骨髓单个核细胞c-FLIP mRNA的表达.包括急性白血病(AL)27例,其中初治21例及复发和完全缓解(CR)后AL各3例、慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)5例、慢性中性粒细胞性白血病(CNL)1例和慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)4例.结果:在初治和复发AL、初治CML、CNL、CLL中c-FLIP mRNA均呈异常增高表达,初治AL中c-FLIP mRNA的表达与复发AL比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),其FAB各亚型之间的表达差异亦无统计学意义(P＞0.05).初治AL与CLL c-FLIP mRNA的表达显著高于初治CML(P＜0.001),但初治AL与初治CLL比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).对照组和CR后AL均为阴性表达.c-FLIPmRNA的表达与初治AL患者年龄、性别、初诊白细胞数、LDH以及核型、免疫表型无关.初治未达CR的AL患者其c-FLIPmRNA表达高于CR者,但并无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:白血病c-FLIP mRNA的表达异常增高.c-FLIP mRNA能反映白血病细胞的凋亡抑制情况,并与白血病的类型、疾病状态、临床疗效和预后密切相关.     

c—FLIP／Ki-67在膀胱癌中的表达对预后影响的研究

目的研究膀胱癌中c—FLIP和Ki-67的表达与肿瘤分期、分级和生长方式以及患者预后的关系，从而为膀胱移行细胞癌侵袭性和预后的判断提供科学理论依据。方法收集56例临床资料完整石蜡包埋的肿瘤标本，用免疫组化SABC法测定c—FLIP、Ki-67的表达，采用SPSS12．0软件包分析其表达与肿瘤组织学性状的关系以及对患者预后的影响。结果c-FLIP、Ki-67的阳性表达在56个病例中分别为：64％（36／56）、59％（33／56）；多因素生存分析发现c—FLIP、生长方式和分期对生存影响具有显著性意义。结论c—FLIP对评价膀胱癌的侵袭性和对预后的影响是-个重要的独立因素，Ki-67对评价膀胱癌的侵袭性和预后也有一定的意义。     

siRNA干扰c-FLIP表达治疗胆囊癌的实验研究

目的 检测c-FLIP在胆囊癌组织中的表达,探讨siRNA(small interfering RNA)干扰胆囊癌细胞c-FLIP表达后对细胞生长的影响.方法 用免疫组化法检测10例正常胆囊组织,10例胆囊腺瘤和35例胆囊癌组织中c-FLIP的表达;siRNA干扰c-FLIP表达后,通过生长曲线测定、倒置相差显微镜检查和流式细胞仪检测细胞生长状况.结果 在胆囊癌组织中,c-FLIP的表达明显高于在胆囊腺瘤(P<0.05)和正常胆囊组织中的表达(P<0.05);siRNA干扰c-FLIP表达后,胆囊癌细胞株SGC-996的生长明显受到抑制,倒置相差显微镜检查发现,干扰后细胞凋亡细胞比例明显增加,流式细胞仪的检查发现干扰后细胞凋亡比例与对照组相比明显上升(P<0.05).结论 siRNA干扰c-FLIP表达的靶向治疗有可能成为治疗胆囊癌的新的方法.     

Pentoxifylline induces apoptosis in vitro in cutaneous T cell lymphoma (HuT-78) and enhances FasL mediated killing by upregulating Fas expression

Constitutive nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is known to play an important role in the survival of HuT-78 cells, a cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell line. Here, we have demonstrated that pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can trigger a series of events leading to apoptosis in HuT-78 cells without affecting NF-kappaB. Apoptosis was ascertained by sub-G1 peak analysis and TUNEL assay. Apoptosis induced by PTX in HuT-78 cells involved mitochondrial hyperpolarization, cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. Further, it was found that PTX treatment downregulated Bcl-xl and c-FLIP expression without affecting constitutive NF-kappaB but upregulated activator protein-1 (AP-1). Low concentration of PTX upregulated Fas and TRAIL expression in HuT-78 cells. In addition, PTX can act as a scavenger of reactive oxygen intermediate and it could enhance FasL mediated killing in HuT-78 cells. Our results taken together indicated that PTX may be a potential agent for killing CTCL cells.     

肾透明细胞癌中c-FLIP mRNA表达及临床意义

目的探讨细胞型Fas相关死亡域样白介素-1β转换酶抑制蛋白（c-FLIP）在肾透明细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学及RT-PCR方法对56例肾透明细胞癌组织及10例癌旁正常肾组织中c-FLIP蛋白及c-FLIP mRNA表达进行分析,观察c-FLIP mRNA表达与临床分期及预后之间的关系。结果c-FLIP蛋白及c-FLIP mRNA在肾透明细胞癌组织中呈高表达（P〈0.05）,其表达与肾透明细胞癌的临床分期无关,但阳性表达患者的生存率低于阴性表达者（P〈0.05）。结论肾透明细胞癌组织中c-FLIP mRNA表达较高,特异性较强,可作为观察肾透明细胞癌预后的重要指标之一。     

c-FLIP及Caspase-8表达在乳腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨凋亡相关蛋白c-FLIP和Caspase-8在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及相关性,分析其与乳腺癌转移复发的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学法检测80例乳腺癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中c-FLIP和Caspase-8的表达情况。结果 80例乳腺癌组织中c-FLIP表达的阳性率显著高于相应的癌旁组织(P<0.05),c-FLIP的表达与TNM分期、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结转移、术后复发及C-erbB-2表达密切相关(P<0.05);Caspase-8表达的阳性率显著低于相应的癌旁组织(P<0.05),Caspase-8的表达与组织学分级、肿瘤大小密切相关(P<0.05)。c-FLIP表达和Caspase-8表达有显著负相关性(γ=-0.380,P=0.001)。结论 c-FLIP的高表达及Caspase-8表达缺失可能在乳腺癌发生发展中起重要作用。     

Over-expression of Reticulon 3 (RTN3) enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via up-regulation of death receptor 5 (DR5) and down-regulation of c-FLIP

Reticulons (RTNs) are a group of integral membrane proteins that have no homology to other known apoptosis-related domains. Herein, we found that RTN3 overexpressing Caki cells were sensitive to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. RTN3-induced down-regulation of c-FLIP was recovered by pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD to basal levels in TRAIL-treated cells. The forced expression of c-FLIP attenuated the TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in RTN3 over-expressing cells. In addition, RTN3 over-expression provoked the enhanced protein levels in DR4 and DR5 as well as levels in DR5 surface protein but slight increase in DR4 surface protein. RTN3-mediated enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis was markedly blocked by the DR5/Fc chimera or DR5 siRNA, indicating that the sensitization by RTN3 was mainly mediated through interactions of TRAIL with its receptors, DR5. Over-expression of RTN3 also enhanced TNF-α and Fas-mediated apoptosis. Taken together, over-expression of RTN3 might increase DR5 surface protein and concomitantly more activate caspase pathways, which cause the c-FLIP cleavage and enhancement of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.