氨氯地平与尼群地平治疗高血压的多中心平行对照研究

采用多中心、随机、单盲、组间、平行对照的方法对488例原发性高血压患者进行氨氯地平或尼群地平4周治疗观察，显示氨氯地平的降压有效率为90．4％，较尼群地平显著为高。不良反应较少，安全性好。每日只需服药1次，剂量5～10mg，方便病人。     

Osteogenesis imperfecta: A clinical study of the first ten years of life

Summary One hundred twenty-seven children with osteogenesis imperfecta (O.I.) were studied during the first 10 years of life. According to Sillence, 40 patients were assigned to type I, 39 to type III, and 48 to type IV O.I. Centiles for height, weight, and the annual number of fractures could be established for the different types of O.I. The development of the skeletal changes could be documented for the different forms of the disease. At birth, the skeletal changes were significantly more severe in type III than in type IV patients. During the first 10 years of life the number of fractures, extent of skeletal deformities, and growth retardation did not differ between types III and IV. Only fracture nonunion, dentinogenesis imperfecta, and congenital cardiac malformations were more frequent in type III than in type IV. Papillary calcifications of the kidney and kidney stones were diagnosed in 4 type III and 2 type IV patients. Hemihypertrophy of the body developed, in 2 type I patients. Although types III and IV patients suffered from severe short stature, serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I was in the normal range.     

Immune activation during pregnancy in mice leads to dopaminergic hyperfunction and cognitive impairment in the offspring: a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: Maternal viral infection is associated with increased risk for schizophrenia. It is hypothesized that the maternal immune response to viruses may influence fetal brain development and lead to schizophrenia. METHODS: To mimic a viral infection, the synthetic double strand RNA polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (poly I:C) was administered into pregnant mice. Behavioral evaluations (thigmotaxis, methamphetamine [MAP]-induced hyperactivity, novel-object recognition test [NORT]), sensorimotor gating (prepulse inhibition [PPI]), and biochemical evaluation of the dopaminergic function of the offspring of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated dams (PBS-mice) and that of poly I:C-treated dams (poly I:C-mice) were examined. RESULTS: In juveniles, no difference was found between the poly I:C-mice and PBS-mice. However, in adults, the poly I:C-mice exhibited attenuated thigmotaxis, greater response in MAP-induced (2 mg/kg) hyperlocomotion, deficits in PPI, and cognitive impairment in NORT compared with the PBS-mice. Cognitive impairment in the adult poly I:C-mice could be improved by subchronic administration of clozapine (5.0 mg/kg) but not haloperidol (.1 mg/kg). Increased dopamine (DA) turnover and decreased receptor binding of D2-like receptors, but not D1-like receptors, in the striatum were found in adult poly I:C-mice. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal poly I:C administration causes maturation-dependent increased subcortical DA function and cognitive impairment in the offspring, indicating a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia.     

125I粒子组织间种植对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的杀伤作用

目的 观察不同剂量^125I粒子对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的杀伤作用及组织损伤。方法 建立人胃癌BGC-823细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型，随机分为对照组和实验组，将不同剂量（100、120、140Gy）地^125I粒子植于实验组。30、60d：比较移植瘤抑瘤率，病理组织学、局部皮肤反应、裸鼠体重及白细胞计数。结果30d，100、120、140Gy组抑瘤率分别为51．93％、79．18％、90．22％，病理组织学反应程度多为RCRG2（45．83％），各实验组组间除120Gy与140Gy（P〉O．05）组外，及分别与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；局部皮肤反应各实验组与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），各实验组组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。60d，各组抑瘤率分别为97．97％、100％、96．69％，病理组织学反应程度以RCRG1居多（62．5％），与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），各实验组组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；局部皮肤反应随剂量增高而加重，各实验组组间及其分别与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 不同剂量的^125I粒子在不同时间对人胃癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤有显著杀伤作用，但120Gy和140Gy组随剂量累积，损伤明显增加。提示100Gy可能是治疗人胃癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的有效剂量。     

人心肌肌钙蛋白I第2和第4个密码子同义突变对其在大肠埃希菌中表达的影响

目的 对人心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）基因实行定点突变并进行原核表达，观察此突变对cTnI表达量的影响。方法 利用RT-PCR方法从人心肌细胞的总RNA中克隆出编码人心肌肌钙蛋白I的cDNA片段，设计引物将其第2和第4个密码子突变后插入原核表达载体形成重组体，并导人宿主菌BL21（DE3）中，经IPTG诱导表达，Ni-NTA树脂纯化后行Western blot鉴定，观察突变对cTnI表达的影响。结果 突变后的cTnI基因与对照组相比在大肠埃希菌中得到高效表达，经纯化可获得电泳单点纯的cTnI蛋白。结论 成功克隆了cTnI基因，所设计的同义突变可促进cTnI在大肠埃希菌中的高效表达。     

人参二醇组皂甙对精索静脉曲张大鼠的保护作用及其机制

把56只成年Wistar大鼠分为如下3组:①精索静脉曲张组(VG)30只;②精索静脉曲张人参二醇组皂甙组(VPG)8只;③假手术组(SOG)18只。实验结果表明,人参二醇组皂甙可显著提高精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸ACE活力并降低睾丸LPO含量,但3组动物睾丸的SOD水平无明显差异。作者认为人参二醇组皂甙可能是通过减少LPO产生以提高ACE活力,从而实现对精索静脉曲张大鼠的保护作用。     

A case report of deficiency in an inhibitor of calcium-dependent association of protein S with C4B-binding protein suggested by a modified crossed immunoelectrophoresis

We have experienced a coagulation factor VIII-deficient patient whose plasma has normal protein S (PS) activity and masses of free PS and its bound form in complex with C4b-binding protein (C4BP). Although the patient's plasma showed a normal ratio of free PS to PS-C4BP complex in the presence of 5 mM EDTA, the plasma gave an abnormally retarding major C4BP peak together with a major PS peak in the crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) in the presence of 2 mM CaCl₂. It was revealed that the major peak was formed by a mixture of PS-C4BP complex and free form. The addition of normal human plasma (NHP) to the patient's plasma inhibited the retardation of the major PS-C4BP complex. These suggest that the patient's plasma lacks some component(s) to inhibit Ca²⁺-dependent association of PS with C4BP.     

胰岛素样生长因子1抑制小鼠耳蜗毛细胞凋亡

目的 利用耳蜗基底膜离体培养技术建立庆大霉素(gentamicin,GM)损伤模型,研究胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)对小鼠耳蜗毛细胞(hair cell,HC)凋亡的影响及可能机制.方法 取新生小鼠耳蜗基底膜,在分别含有预先制备的培养液(A组),含有GM 0.5 mmol/L(B组),含有GM 0.5 mmol/L和IGF-1 1 ng/ml(C组),GM 0.5 mmol/L和IGF-1 10 ng/ml(D组),GM 0.5 mmol/L和IGF-1 50 ng/ml(E组),GM0.5 mmol/L和IGF-1 100 ng/ml(F组)的培养液中离体培养后制作耳蜗铺片.利用DNA末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end Iabeling,TUNEL)结合活性半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3抗体为标记物多重荧光免疫组织化学方法,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察各组耳蜗HC的凋亡情况.结果 耳蜗铺片观察显示A组各转及各组顶转未发现TUNEL染色阳性的凋亡HC.C、D、E、F各组耳蜗底转和中转HC的TUNEL染色阳性HC数较B组减少(P＜0.05),其中以D组减少最为明显.活性半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3抗体标记和TUNEL染色阳性的耳蜗HC凋亡的部位不完全重合.结论 GM可诱导离体培养的小鼠耳蜗HC凋亡的发生.应用IGF-1能够通过抑制其凋亡作用,在特定浓度达到最佳效果.半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3活化参与耳蜗HC凋亡过程.