Penile rehabilitation protocol after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy: assessment of compliance with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor therapy and effect on early potency

Study Type – Therapy (case series)
Level of Evidence 4

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate factors that affect compliance in men who enrol in a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) protocol after nerve‐sparing robot‐assisted prostatectomy (RAP), and report on short‐term outcomes, as PDE5Is may help restore erectile function after RAP and patient adherence to the regimen is a factor that potentially can affect outcome.

PATIENT AND METHODS

We prospectively followed 77 men who had nerve‐sparing RAP and enrolled in a postoperative penile rehabilitation protocol. The men received either sildenafil citrate or tadalafil three times weekly. The minimum follow‐up was 8 weeks. Potency was defined as erection adequate for penetration and complete intercourse. Compliance was defined as men adhering to the regimen for ≥2 months.

RESULTS

The mean age of the cohort was 57.8 years and the median follow‐up was 8 months. In all, 32% of the men discontinued the therapy <2 months after RAP and were deemed noncompliant with an additional 39% discontinuing therapy by 6 months, with the high cost of medication being the primary reason (65%). Long‐term compliance and preoperative erectile dysfunction were independent predictors of potency return after adjusting for age and nerve sparing.

CONCLUSIONS

The high cost of medication remains a significant barrier to maintaining therapy. Noncompliance to PDE5I therapy in a tertiary care centre was much higher than reported in clinical trial settings. With longer‐term follow‐up, we need to further define the factors that improve overall recovery of sexual function after RAP.     

成年国人腰椎棘突间区域的X线影像学研究及其临床意义

目的为腰椎棘突间内置物的临床应用提供影像学依据。方法根据正侧位X线片测量360例门诊患者L3－S1段脊柱的棘突间距、棘突顶距、棘突中央高度及棘突厚度,对测量数据行正态性检验和方差分析。数据均在医院PACS系统（Kodak Carestream Diagnostic Workstation软件）上测量,数值精确到0.01 mm。结果①L4/L5的棘突间距比L3/L4和L5/S1小。②棘突顶距自上而下逐渐减小。③棘突厚度无明显差异,大多为7－8 mm。④棘突中央高度从上到下逐渐减小。⑤男性L4/L5的棘突间距比女性大,所有棘突顶距男性均比女性大,男性S1棘突比女性厚,女性的棘突较短。⑥L4,5的棘突厚度年长的比年轻的厚一些。结论通过本研究,在一定程度上提供了国人腰椎棘突间区域的影像学数据,为腰椎棘突间内置物的临床应用提供了影像学基础。     

Total knee arthroplasty using computer assisted navigation in patients with severe valgus deformity of the knee

Background Severe valgus deformity often has bone defect and laxity of the medial ligamentous, and total knee arthroplasty in severe valgus knee is, in most cases, more challenging for surgeons. The usefulness of a computer assisted navigation system in reestablishing the mechanical axis has been well established. Hence, the interest for surgeons is how the navigation system makes the procedure of total knee arthroplasty with severe valgus knee easier. Methods From June 2006 to March 2008 in Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People＇s Hospital, 6 patients （7 knees） with severe valgus knee underwent total knee arthroplasty using the Stryker Navigation system, which is an active wireless and imageless system. All the patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months after surgery. The X-ray radiographs for whole limbs were obtained on all patients to determine preoperative and postoperative alignments. Results A primary, posterior stabilized prosthesis was utilized in all cases. The average preoperative overall mechanical axis of the seven knees was 19.6°±4.6° of valgus （range 16°to 29°）, and the average postoperative mechanical axis was 0.4°±0.7° （range 0.8° varus to 1.4° valgus ）. Conclusions The navigation system is a very effective and useful tool for accurate intraoperative restoration of alignment in the face of significant deformity with valgus knee. To prevent component malposition, we did not reduce the knee before solidification of bone cement but controlled alignment using the navigation system up to implantation of the final component.     

辅助生殖技术试管足月儿神经心理行为发育的纵向研究

目的 比较辅助生殖技术(ART)试管足月儿的体格发育、神经心理行为发育水平与自然受孕(NC)婴儿的差异,为促进试管婴儿早期全面发展提供科学依据.方法 采用1∶1对照研究方法,于2019年1月1日-2020年12月31日期间纳入60例ART足月儿和60例NC足月儿收集相关信息,并随访6月龄和12月龄健康体检信息,采用儿-...     

计算机辅助导航模板辅助颈椎椎弓根置钉可行性研究

目的：利用逆向工程原理和快速成型技术,通过尸体标本试验验证导航模板可行性及准确性。方法：选取成年男性正常颈椎骨标本1具,范围从C1-7CT连续断层扫描数据集,采用Mimics 8．1三维重建颈椎数字解剖模型。分别在Geomagic studio9、Magics 9．5软件平台打开三维重建模型,定位三维参考平面,利用逆向工程（RE）原理寻找椎弓根的最佳进钉通道,提取椎板的表面解剖学形态,建立与椎体后部解剖学形态一致的反向模板,拟合模板和椎弓根孔道成定位模板,将导航模板通过激光快速成形技术制造出实物模型。将制作的实物模板和标本的椎板相吻合,利用导航模板的导航孔置入椎弓根螺钉,术后根据CT扫描评价椎弓根螺钉位置的准确性。结果：成功的设计并制作出与椎体后部解剖学结构一致的导航模板。术后CT扫描显示,模拟手术置入的14枚椎弓根钉位置均为Ⅰ类。结论：利用逆向工程原理和快速成型（RP）技术为颈椎弓根的定位、定向提供了一种新的方法,具有较好的应用前景。     

Professional self-regulation for preimplantation genetic diagnosis: experience of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and other professional societies

Professional societies that are stakeholders in preimplantation genetic diagnosis have democratically elected officers and favor self-regulation. Their practice guidelines are cognizant of societal needs and allow for introduction of new technologies. These societies have demonstrated the ability for professional self-regulation by collection, validation, and promulgation of center-specific results.     

Comparative perspectives: regulating preimplantation genetic diagnosis in Canada and the United Kingdom

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in the United Kingdom is governed by a centralized regulatory agency, while Canada's current approach to regulating PGD is neither integrated nor comprehensive. Though concerns have been raised about state regulation of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), Canada's move toward centralized oversight of these technologies will lead to improvements in uniformity and transparency of regulation, and will provide a central forum for policy debate and discussion.