妇科腹腔镜手术几种激光对兔子宫壁损伤的实验研究

为掌握妇科腹腔镜手术所应用的激光器的治疗剂量，对几种激光引起的兔子宫壁热损伤进行观察。实验研究证实：所有激光产生的损伤程度与所用的剂量呈正相关。术后４８ｈ与即刻损伤程度相比，半导体激光的损伤程度明显加深、加宽；但ＣＯ２激光和ＮｄＹＡＧ激光接触式光刀无显著变化。说明应用激光行妇科腹腔镜手术治疗时，所产生的损伤与应用的功率密度有关，为临床合理选用腹腔镜下的激光治疗提供依据     

Spontaneous subcapsular hepatic hemorrhage associated with pregnancy: Report of a case

We report herein a case of spontaneous subcapsular hepatic hemorrhage which occurred in a 33-year-old woman 1 day after she had been delivered of her second child by cesarean section following an uneventful pregnancy. She complained of right upper quadrant pain on the 1st postoperative day, and computed tomography (CT) showed subcapsular low-density masses in both liver lobes, while extravasation was demonstrated by CO₂ intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA). The hemorrhage was successfully controlled by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). However, on the 3rd day after TAE, an exploratory laparotomy was performed to establish an exact diagnosis to explain the persistent abdominal pain and abnormal liver function tests. Subcapsular hematomas in both lobes were confirmed and no visible laceration was present. The patient recovered gradually by spontaneous absorption of the hematomas and was discharged on the 22nd postoperative day. Spontaneous hepatic hemorrhage associated with pregnancy is a very rare complication, and establishing a correct diagnosis and initiating appropriate therapy are essential for this life-threatening disease.     

腰穿放液治疗160例外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血的体会

目的：探讨腰穿放液对外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血的作用。方法：对１６０名外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血的病人行腰穿放液，少则２次，多则７次。结果：所有病人症状均好转，从脑脊液的力学上看脑脊液恢复正常性状的时间缩短，结论：腰穿放液治疗外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血是十分有效的方法，近期内临床症状明显改善，远期并发症减少。     

急性高血压脑出血的治疗体会

本文对62例急性高血压脑出血进行了着重于治疗的分析。脑出血病严重威胁患者生命,死亡率高,病残率高。治疗的关键是绝对卧床,避免搬动;积极治疗及控制脑水肿、降低颅内压;头置冰帽以减低脑耗氧量,减轻脑水肿,促进脑细胞功能的恢复;加强护理,预防及治疗并发症是提高患者生存时间及存活率的重要环节;对出血量多、患者一般情况较好者,作者主张手术治疗,清除颅内血肿,可减轻症状,提高存活率及降低病残率。     

Expectant management of deep cerebral venous thrombosis with intraventricular hemorrhage

Limited randomized clinical trial data favor the use of anticoagulation in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis. We present a patient with deep cerebral venous thrombosis in whom anticoagulation was withheld because of coexistent intraventricular hemorrhage. She had a benign clinical course without anticoagulation, suggesting that close observation may be a management option in these patients.     

脑出血患者血清胃泌素水平测定及意义

目的探讨血清胃泌素水平与脑出血并发应激性溃疡之间的关系.方法用放免法测定脑出血病人发病后24小时内及恢复期血清胃泌素水平,并与正常人作对照.所获数据用t检验.结果脑出血病人发病后24小时血清胃泌素水平较正常对照组明显增高,合并应激性溃疡出血者升高更显著,恢复期病人血清胃泌素水平与正常对照组相比无显著性差异.结论胃泌素在脑出血并发应激性溃疡的发生中起重要作用.     

脑卒中患者下丘脑─垂体─肾上腺皮质轴功能改变及临床意义

观察了１７２例脑卒中患者血清促肾上腺皮质激素（ＡＣＴＨ）、皮质醇的变化，发现ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇水平明显高于正常对照组，脑出血组高于脑梗塞组；病情轻重与ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇的变化明显相关。治疗前后ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇水平明显不同，治疗后明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。说明治疗后可改善下丘脑－垂体－肾上腺皮质轴（Ｈ／Ｐ／Ａ）功能紊乱。     

高血压性脑出血外科治疗体会

报告33例高血压性脑出血施行外科手术治疗的临床体会。结合术前病情分级、血肿类型、血肿量、中线结构移位程度等,对手术治疗的适应症选择、手术方式及入路、提高治疗效果、减少术后并发症等作了讨论。提出了手术治疗重要性。     

局部亚低温治疗急性脑出血的临床研究

目的观察冰帽加双侧颈动脉区冰敷治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效和探讨最佳治疗时机。方法 174例急性脑出血患者随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,每组 87例。对照组给予常规治疗 ,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上同时给予亚低温治疗 ;治疗组中 46例在发病 3小时内治疗 ,41例在发病 3小时后治疗。观察治疗组与对照组以及治疗组中发病 3小时内与发病 3小时后两组的临床疗效和预后情况。结果亚低温治疗组与对照组比较 ,神经功能改善 (P <0 0 5 ) ,生存率及恢复良好率提高 (P <0 0 5 )。发病 3小时内开始治疗者优于 3小时后开始者 (P <0 0 5 )。结论亚低温治疗能有效减轻急性脑出血后的神经功能缺损 ,降低病死率和致残率 ;最佳治疗时机在发病 3小时以内。