脑血管病患者血清高密度脂蛋白亚组分的测定

255例不同时期脑血管病惠者,急性脑梗塞惠者101例,男55例,女46例,平均年龄59.67±10.42岁;高血压脑出血43例,男31例,女12例,平均年龄60.44±7.93岁;恢复期脑梗塞患者28例,男17例,女11例,平均年龄59.26±6.49岁;脑动脉硬化惠者83例,男46例,女37例,平均年龄56.44±5.37岁。对其血清中的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及亚组分进行了测定。结果发现,脑动脉硬化组、急性脑梗塞组、高血压脑出血组、恢复期脑梗塞组患者血清中的HDL-C 及HDL-2C 均较正常对照组明显降低(P<0.001),HDL-3C则变化不大。而不同时期脑血管病患者的低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)较正常对照组明显升高。作者认为HDL-C 尤其是HDL-2C 的下降或许是发生脑血管病的危险因素。     

血清总胆固醇、总甘油、游离甘油和甘油三酯标准物质的研制

目的 研制与临床标本基质相似的血清总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油(TTG)、游离甘油(FG)和甘油三酯(TG)标准物质.方法 按国家标准物质技术规范的要求,制备4种血脂浓度的健康人新鲜混合血清,用酶法测定TC检测均匀性,用HPLC法检测稳定性并定值,评估不确定度.结果 4种血清均匀性检验数据方差分析P值分别为0.339、0.212、0.275、0.196(均＞0.05),说明均匀性良好;稳定性研究结果显示4种血清TC和TG在-20℃保存至少可稳定4年;4种血清的标准值和不确定度TC分别为(5.110±0.064)mmol/L、(4.761±0.062)mmol/L、(3.941±0.050)mmol/L和(3.158±0.041)mmol/L;TTG分别为(2.212±0.043)mmol/L、(1.679±0.033)mmol/L、(1.275±0.027)mmol/L和(1.067±0.023)mmol/L;FG分别为(0.142±0.005)mmol/L、(0.149±0.004)mmol/L、(0.146±0.003)mmol/L和(0.122±0.003)mmol/L;TG分别为(2.069±0.043)mmol/L、(1.530±0.033)mmol/L、(1.129±0.027)mmol/L和(0.945±0.023)mmol/L.结论 研制的血清总胆固醇、总甘油、游离甘油和甘油三酯标准物质均匀性和稳定性良好,定值可靠,已被国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布为国家一级标准物质(GBW 09145、GBW 09146、GBW 09147、GBW 09148).     

Visit-to-visit variability of lipid measurements as predictors of cardiovascular events

1. Download high-res image (184KB)
2. Download full-size image

     

A novel mutation in GPIHBP1 causes familial chylomicronemia syndrome

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome is characterized by severe elevation in serum triglycerides and an increased risk of acute pancreatitis. Although familial chylomicronemia syndrome is mainly caused by mutations in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene, few causal mutations in other genes (ie, APOC2, APOA5, LMF1, and GPIHBP1) have also been reported. In this case report, we present the discovery of a novel mutation in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1) gene and discuss its pathogenicity through a familial segregation study.     

Apolipoprotein A-1 predicts coronary heart disease only at low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: an epidemiological study of Japanese-Americans

Conventional epidemiological and clinical studies of apolipoprotein A-1 and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol have demonstrated, when examined jointly, that high-density lipoprotein is a better predictor of coronary heart disease. This strategy does not take into account known lipid metabolic relationships. A statistical approach that takes into account apolipoprotein A-1 being a constituent of the high-density lipoprotein particle is more appropriate. Among 1,177 Japanese-American men of the Honolulu Heart Program cohort free of disease at baseline (1980-1982), 182 new coronary heart disease cases developed over a 12-year follow-up period. After removing the linear relationship with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, a relative measure of apoliprotein A-1 concentration was derived. Based on joint conditions of "low" and "high" relative apoliprotein A-1 concentration and < or =40 and >40 mg/dl for the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol distribution, four groupings were created. Among relative joint groupings of high/< or =40, low/< or =40, high/>40, and low/>40, respectively, the 12-year coronary heart disease incidence varied from 28.6, 18.2, 8.3, to 11.7 cases per 1,000 person-years. A test of statistical interaction was significant (P=0.028). Additional analyses revealed coronary heart disease cases were more likely among men with triglycerides > 190 mg/dl. Observed patterns of relationships among relative apoliprotein A-1 level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides with incident coronary heart disease are consistent with patterns noted in clinical, laboratory, and transgenic animal research more capable of elucidating mechanisms of disease causation. This epidemiological study suggests similar mechanisms may be operating at a population level, and may contribute to the public health burden of coronary heart disease.     

血清补体C1q肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白3、亲环素A与子痫前期患者脂代谢异常的相关性研究

目的探讨血清补体C1q肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白(CTRP)-3、亲环素A(CyPA)与子痫前期(PE)患者脂代谢异常的相关性。 方法选取2017年1月至2018年6月,青海大学附属医院产科收治的98例PE患者为研究对象。根据PE严重程度,将其分为重度PE组(n＝48)与轻度PE组(n＝50)。同时采用随机数字表法,选取同期于本院进行定期产前检查的50例健康孕妇作为对照,纳入对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法,检测3组受试者的血清CTRP-3、CyPA水平。采用全自动生化分析仪,检测3组受试者的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平。采用单因素方差分析,对3组受试者的人体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压、舒张压及血清TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、CTRP-3、CyPA水平进行总体比较;然后,再采用最小显著性差异(LSD)法,进一步两两比较。PE患者血清CTRP-3、CyPA水平与其血清TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C水平的相关性,采用Pearson相关性分析。PE患者血清CTRP-3、CyPA水平与其脂代谢指标的多因素分析,采用多重线性回归法。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。3组受试者年龄、孕龄分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结果①3组受试者BMI、收缩压、舒张压及血清TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、CTRP-3、CyPA水平分别总体比较,差异均有统计学意义(F＝5.138、6.742、7.012、7.436、6.538、6.715、7.213、27.659、7.704,P<0.05)。对其进一步进行两两比较的结果显示,重度PE组和轻度PE组受试者BMI、收缩压、舒张压及血清TG、TC、LDL-C、CyPA水平,均分别显著高于对照组,并且差异均有统计学意义(重度PE组vs对照组：LSD-t＝7.156、13.864、8.664、14.264、6.837、13.875、28.185,P<0.001;轻度PE组vs对照组：LSD-t＝5.875、11.673、7.148、10.643、4.184、11.684、23.686,P<0.001);而血清HDL-C、CTRP-3水平,则均分别显著低于对照组,并且差异亦均有统计学意义(重度PE组vs对照组：LSD-t＝12.864、44.378,P<0.001;轻度PE组vs对照组：LSD-t＝9.547、31.684,P<0.001)。重度PE组受试者的BMI、收缩压、舒张压及血清TG、TC、LDL-C、CyPA水平,均显著高于轻度PE组,并且差异均有统计学意义(LSD-t＝4.738、P<0.001,LSD-t＝9.814、P<0.001,LSD-t＝4.864、P<0.001,LSD-t＝2.326、P＝0.042,LSD-t＝2.563、P＝0.028,LSD-t＝2.713、P＝0.022,LSD-t＝6.145、P<0.001);而血清HDL-C、CTRP-3水平,则均显著低于轻度PE组,差异亦均有统计学意义(LSD-t＝6.258、16.386,P<0.001)。②PE患者的血清CTRP-3水平与其血清TG、TC、LDL-C水平,均分别呈负相关关系(r＝－0.546、－0.573、－0.601,P<0.001),而其血清CTRP-3水平与血清HDL-C水平,则呈正相关关系(r＝0.531,P<0.001)。PE患者的血清CyPA水平与其血清TG、TC、LDL-C水平,均分别呈正相关关系(r＝0.612、0.637、0.552,P<0.001),而其血清CyPA水平与血清HDL-C水平,则呈负相关关系(r＝－0.514,P<0.001)。③血清TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C水平,均分别为PE患者血清CTRP-3、CyPA水平的独立影响因素(血清CTRP-3水平：t＝4.427、P<0.001,t＝3.675、P<0.001,t＝2.328、P＝0.020,t＝4.576、P<0.001;血清CyPA水平：t＝2.788、P＝0.005,t＝3.332、P＝0.001,t＝2.429、P＝0.015,t＝2.140、P＝0.032)。 结论PE患者血清CTRP-3水平较正常值降低、CyPA水平较正常值升高。CTRP-3、CyPA水平与其脂代谢异常具有相关关系,可能参与PE的发生、发展过程。     

Validation of the Friedewald formula for the determination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with beta-quantification in a large population

Lipoprotein data from 9477 subjects, covering a wide range of total plasma cholesterol levels, were used to examine the validity of the Friedewald formula for estimating plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) using high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Values of LDL-C obtained from the Friedewald formula were compared with values of LDL-C derived from preparative ultracentrifugation used as a reference method. We found that the bias associated with the Friedewald formula was not related to plasma LDL-C levels and was smaller than −4.0% even for plasma LDL-C values <3.0 mmol/l. Moreover, in the subgroup of individuals with plasma TG levels ≤4.5 mmol/l, the Friedewald formula underestimated LDL-C levels with a bias between −3.1% and −1.9% according to TG quartiles. Interestingly, the Friedewald formula showed no significant bias in patients with plasma TG levels between 4.51 and 8.82 mmol/l, suggesting that the calculated LDL-C are reliable and could be clinically useful in patients with plasma TG levels higher than 4.5 mmol/l which is the reference cut-point value used by most clinical laboratories. Finally, multiple regression analyses showed that the very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C)/TG ratio represented nearly 63% (P < 0.0001) of the variance of the bias associated with the Friedewald formula. We concluded that the Friedewald formula may be reliable at low LDL-C levels and at TG levels up to 9 mmol/l but may be used with caution when the VLDL-C/TG ratio is high as observed in patients with type III dysbetalipoproteinemia.     

高甘油三酯/低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、心电图ST-T改变与冠心病的关系

目的:探讨无明显心血管病(CVD)临床症状,有高甘油三酯(TG≥1.60mmol/L),低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C≤1.18mmol/L),静息心电图缺血型ST-T改变与冠心病(CAD)的关系。方法:对无明显CVD临床症状,有高TG/低HDL-C血症的550例[其中静息ECG有缺血型ST-T改变者250例(A组),无缺血型ST-T改变者300例(B组)]进行2年随访对比观察,观察其的CAD发生率和死亡率。结果:2年随访期中,A组的CAD的发生率为16.00%,死亡率为3.20%;均显著高于B组的CAD发生率(2.00%),死亡率(0.66%),P均0.001。结论:结果显示无明显CVD临床症状,有高TG/低HDL-C血症,伴有静息ECG缺血型ST-T改变对冠心病的危险性更大。     

黄芪对酒精性肝损伤小鼠MDA、GSH和TG的影响及肝脏保护作用的研究

目的:探讨黄芪总提取物(AM)对酒精性肝损伤小鼠丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和甘油三酯(TG)的影响及其对肝脏保护作用。方法:将50只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为5组:空白对照组、模型对照组和黄芪总提取物低、中、高剂量组,分别给药30d后,按试剂盒说明测定MDA含量、GSH活力和TG,进行肝脏病理组织学检查。结果:中、高剂量组能显著降低肝匀浆MDA含量和提高GSH含量;高剂量组能显著降低TG含量和改善肝脏脂变程度,与模型对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义。结论:AM具有降低小鼠MDA和TG含量,提高GSH含量,对其肝脏具有保护作用。