明目熏洗液治疗慢性结膜炎临床观察

目的：观察明目熏洗液熏洗治疗慢性结膜炎的临床疗效。方法：观察组患者40例80眼，采用明目熏洗液熏洗治疗；对照组32例64眼予以9．25％氯霉素滴眼液滴眼，对2组的治疗结果进行对比分析。结果：观察组总显效率为55％，对照组为28．12％，差异有统计学意义（x^2=10．473，P〈0.05）；观察组有效率为87．5％，对照组为56．25％，差异有统计学意义（x^2=17．875，P〈0.05）。结论：明目熏洗液治疗慢性结膜炎疗效显著。     

Evaluation of lotion formulations on irritation using the modified forearm-controlled application test method

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cold and allergy sufferers often develop irritation around the nostrils as a result of repeated and frequent rubbing of the skin site with facial tissues. This irritation is a combination of the inherent irritant properties of the tissue components (chemical irritation), and mechanical irritation from friction. Lotion-coated facial tissues are being developed to provide soothing, skin benefits, and to promote healing of this type of irritation. The objective of these studies was to evaluate the efficacy of different lotion formulations on facial tissues in preventing irritation, or aiding in the healing of irritation. METHODS: The modified forearm-controlled application test (Modified FCAT) was adapted as a means of quickly evaluating the relative skin benefits of various lotion formulations used to coat facial tissues. The test was conducted on the volar surface of the forearms of volunteer subjects. Test sites were pretreated with 24 h occlusive patches of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) to induce mild or moderate skin irritation. This was followed by repeated wiping of the lotion-coated tissues. Irritation was evaluated using visual scoring for erythema and dryness. Lotion formulation options were compared in the model. Comparisons included assessments of the type of fatty alcohol in the formulation (stearyl and cetearyl alcohol), the presence of silicone and the base formulation (mineral oil, petrolatum of a proprietary formula). RESULTS: Differences in the degree of erythema and dryness were detected among various formulation options. No differences were found between formulations containing stearyl or cetearyl alcohol. Low levels of silicone produced benefits in one of two experiments. The proprietary base formula produced greater reductions in erythema following treatment of SLS-irritated skin compared with mineral oil and petrolatum bases. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that this modification of the FCAT can be used to compare various lotion formulations for skin benefits and healing properties, and to rank qualitatively the benefits of various formulation options.     

复方氯霉素洗剂的一阶导数分光光度测定

采用一阶导数分光光度法测定复方氯霉素洗剂中的氯霉素（Ⅰ）和水杨酸（Ⅱ），可消除两者的相互干扰而直接测得各自的含量。选择２５８．１ｎｍ和２９６．６ｎｍ处测定Ⅰ２４１．６ｎｍ和２７４．１ｎｍ处测定Ⅱ，结果Ⅰ平均回收率和变异系数分别为９９．５５％和０．７０％；Ⅱ分别为１００．２２％和０．２１％，方法简便、快速、准确。     

Tissue distribution and kinetics of endogenous porphyrins synthesized after topical application of ALA in different vehicles.

The use of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is gaining increasing attention for photosensitization in photodynamic therapy of superficially localized tumours. The aim of this work was to determine the kinetics of porphyrin generation in tissues after topical application of ALA delivered in different vehicles on the skin overlying the tumour and normal skin of mice. Maximal accumulation was found in tumour 3 h after ALA application in both cream and lotion preparations. Normal and overlying tumour skin tissues showed different kinetic patterns, reflecting histological changes when the latter is invaded by tumour cells. Liver, kidney, spleen and blood porphyrins also raised from basal levels, showing that ALA and/or ALA-induced porphyrins reach all tissues after topical application. During the first 24 h of ALA topical application, precursors and porphyrins are excreted by both urine and faeces. ALA lotion applied on the skin overlying the tumour induced higher accumulation of tumoural porphyrins than cream, and lotion applied on normal skin appeared to be the most efficient upon inducing total body porphyrins. This work has demonstrated the great influence of the formulation of ALA vehicle on penetration through the skin. Knowledge of the kinetics of porphyrin generation after different conditions of ALA application is needed for the optimization of diagnosis and phototherapy in human tumours.     

联苯苄唑洗剂的制备及含量测定

配制联苯苄唑洗剂并采用紫外分光光度法在２５６ｎｍ处测定联苯苄唑的含量。浓度在２～８μｇ／ｍｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系，ｒ＝０．９９９８，平均回收率为９９．８６％，ＲＳＤ为０．５８％。     

柴葛洗剂的制备工艺及临床应用研究

目的:探讨柴葛洗剂的制备工艺及其临床应用的研究.方法:用薄层色谱法对柴葛洗剂中的柴胡、葛根及黄芩进行鉴别,并测定微生物限度和稳定性考察.然后对其制剂进行临床观察.结果:柴葛洗剂制剂质量稳定、制备工艺简单可行.试验组的治愈率明显高于对照组1和对照组2,无效率明显低于对照组1和对照组2;而对照组1和对照组2两组间除了有效率外,其余指标均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:柴葛洗剂的制备工艺合理,临床疗效显著,不良反应少,值得在临床推广使用.     

口服地奥司明片结合坐浴和药膏外涂治疗肛门水肿临床观察

为观察地奥司明片加中药制剂消肿袋泡洗剂、消肿膏治疗肛门水肿的临床疗效,将肛门水肿患者300例随机分为两组,治疗组150例口服地奥司明片加消肿袋泡洗剂坐浴、消肿膏外涂治疗,对照组150例外用消肿袋泡洗剂坐浴、消肿膏外涂治疗。比较两组治疗3d、7d后肛门水肿、疼痛情况。结果显示,治疗后3d、7d的显效率两组分别为70％、90％和42％、64％,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结果表明,口服地奥司明片加坐浴、熏洗、药膏外涂治疗肛门水肿效果显著,方法简便,无副作用。     

洁尔阴洗液保留灌肠在环状混合痔术后的临床应用

为观察洁尔阴洗液保留灌肠在环状混合痔术后应用的临床疗效,将70例行外剥内扎术治疗的环状混合痔患者随机分为两组,各35例,一组术后予洁尔阴洗液保留灌肠（治疗组）,一组术后予1：5000高锰酸钾溶液保留灌肠（对照组）,每晚1次,对比分析两组患者疗效及术后第4天、第8天疼痛和水肿程度。结果显示,两组总有效率均为100％,差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05。但治疗组术后第4天和第8天疼痛及水肿程度明显低于对照组,P〈0．05或P〈0．01。结果表明,洁尔阴洗液保留灌肠用于混合痔外剥内扎术后疗效肯定,可以明显减轻术后疼痛及水肿。     

抗菌洗洁浓缩液质定性定量方法研究

目的 制定抗菌洗洁浓缩液的质量标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法鉴别石菖蒲、苦参、艾叶;高效液相色谱法测定苦参碱的含量,色谱柱：Lichrospher NH2柱（200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相：乙腈-0.02 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠（80：20）;检测波长：220 nm;流速：1.0 mL·min-1;柱温：30℃.结果 薄层斑点清晰,阴性样品无干扰,苦参碱含量测定在0.0218～0.1088 mg·mL-1与峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9993,平均回收率为99.3%,RSD为2.2%.结论 该方法准确、重复性好,可作为抗菌洗洁浓缩液质量控制的有效方法.     

苦参洗剂配合肤痔清软膏治疗肛门瘙痒症

目的：探讨肛门瘙痒症简单而有效的治疗方法。方法：将200例肛门瘙痒症患者分为两组,治疗组100例采用苦参洗剂坐浴配合肤痔清软膏外用,对照组100例采用高锰酸钾溶液坐浴。结果：治疗组总有效率明显优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：苦参洗剂配合肤痔清软膏是较为简单而有效的治疗肛门瘙痒症的方法。