喉咽清水蜜丸的研制及其药效学和毒理学研究

目的 :研究喉咽清水蜜丸的制备、质量控制方法及其药效学和毒理学。方法 :采用高效液相色谱法测定喉咽清水蜜丸中甘草酸的含量 ;对制剂的抗炎、镇痛、祛痰作用进行研究 ;对制剂的急性毒性和长期毒性进行研究。结果 :喉咽清水蜜丸中甘草酸的线性范围为0 0384～0 615mg/ml ,回收率为 (99 20±1 75) %。本制剂具有抗炎、镇痛、祛痰作用 ,未见明显急性毒性和长期毒性。结论 :本制剂制备工艺简单 ,质量可控 ,疗效确切 ,安全性较高。     

正交试验法优选失笑滴丸的滴制工艺

 目的:采用正交试验法对失笑滴丸的滴制工艺进行优选试验。方法:选择药液温度、滴头口径、药物与基质的配比、浦速等4因素，每个因素各取3个水平，按L₉(3)⁴正交表安排实验，用3个指标评定工艺的优劣。结果:采用药液温度为95℃,滴头口径内径为3.3 mm、外径为5.2 mm，药物与基质的配比为3.5:6.5,以40滴· min^-1的滴速滴入甲基硅油中的工艺条件最佳。结论:用正交试验法优选失笑滴丸的滴制工艺是可行的。     

御感速袋泡剂质量标准的研究

御感速袋泡剂按新药审评标准进行了质量标准的研究，鉴别项下除建立了显微方法外还建立了柴胡皂甙ａ，ｄ，连翘甙，葛根素，青蒿的薄层鉴别方法。用ＨＰＬＣ对黄芩甙和葛根素进行了含量测定。     

绞股蓝总甙复合国产1号避孕片对健康妇女脂类代谢及血压的影响

本研究将180名已婚、一孩、年龄33±5岁,需要使用避孕措施的健康妇女随机分成6组,即IUD组、绞股蓝总甙加IUD组、1号OC片组、40mg、60mg、80mg绞股蓝总甙分别与1号OC片复合的3个试验组.用双盲法给药,连续服用6个月观察脂类代谢和血压的变化.结果显示:以IUD组和1号OC片组的数据为参比值.服用不同剂量绞股蓝总甙复合口服避孕药后无升高TG和TC的趋势,有显著升高HDL-C作用和使APOA_1水平上升的趋势;亦存在降低收缩压的趋势,对舒张压无明显影响,但在服药后3个月时HDL-C水平曾发生暂时性下降.     

内障丸防治D-半乳糖白内障的实验研究

目的:观察中药内障丸对D-半乳糖性白内障的防治作用。方法:将60只3～4周龄SD大鼠分为5组,分别用蒸馏水、维生素E生理盐水混悬液及中、高剂量内障丸水煎剂灌胃,对照观察注射55%D-半乳糖后大鼠晶状体混浊的发生时间与程度,血清及晶状体SOD、MDA含量。结果:中药组及维生素E组大鼠的白内障发生发展速度较模型组缓慢(P<0.05),各观察组与对照组血清及晶状体的SOD、MDA含量比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:内障丸通过改善大鼠体内的抗氧化系统功能,能够延缓大鼠D-半乳糖性白内障的发生和减轻其白内障发展程度。     

二十五味鬼臼丸联合微波等治疗盆腔积液疗效观察

Objective To observe clinical effect of treating pelvic effusion with twenty five tastes podophyllum pill combined with antibiotics, microwave. Methods 182 cases patients with inflammatory pelvic effusion were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group was treated with twenty five tastes podophyllum pill combined with antibiotics、microwave, and the control group was treated with antibiotics combined with microwave. The absorption, symptoms disappeared and cure situations of pelvic effusion were observed between control group and treatment group after treatment.Results The complete absorption, symptoms disappeared and cure situations of pelvic effusion in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 100%, and the total effective rate of the control group was 87.5%, which has a significant difference (P<0.05) .Conclusion The treatment of twenty five tastes podophyllum pill combined with antibiotics, microwave on pelvic effusion is better than western medicine.     

金匮实脾法对肝纤维化大鼠模型胶原纤维的影响

目的研究金匮实脾法对实验性肝纤维化大鼠胶原纤维合成与降解的影响。方法采用四氯化碳实验性肝纤维化模型,用金匮实脾法代表方鳖甲煎丸口服液治疗干预,与γ-干扰素对照;测定肝功能、血清透明质酸,并通过光镜观察肝组织病理变化和纤维化程度,用苦味酸-天狼红染色和氨银-Masson网织纤维染色观察Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原,免疫组织化学法检测Ⅳ型胶原及组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子1(TIMP-1)的表达。结果鳖甲煎丸口服液组与模型组比较,可改善肝功能指标,显著降低血清透明质酸;明显改善Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原纤维增生,减少TIMP-1表达。结论金匮实脾法可通过改善胶原纤维的增生起到抗肝纤维化作用。     

三保心对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤保护作用及其对体内外血栓形成影响的实验研究

目的：探讨三保心中药复方(三保心)对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用及对体外血栓形成的影响。方法：结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支40min后再灌注180min。观察三保心对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量和一氧化氮(NO)含量的影响。采用chandler法造成体外血栓和电刺激颈总动脉形成体内血栓，观察三保心对体内外血栓形成的影响。结果：三保心可显著提高心肌缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠血清中SOD活性，降低MDA含量，同时明显升高NO含量。三保心高剂量组明显延长大鼠体内血栓形成时间。各剂量组均能显著抑制大鼠体外血栓的形成。结论：三保心对缺血再灌注心肌损伤有一定的保护作用，其作用机制可能与扩张血管、提高氧自由基清除酶活性、抑制脂质过氧化反应有关。且具有抑制体内外血栓形成的作用。     

Characteristics of Contraceptive Use in Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Objective To know the characteristics of contraceptive use in Sao Paulo State collected by the Demographic and Health Survey （DHS） conducted in 1996. Methods Data of Sao Paulo in 1996 were analyzed compared with the previous DHS carried on in 1986focusing on Sao Paulo State. Contraceptive use among married or cohabiting women by age, number of children and schooling was closely examined. Age and timing of female sterilization were also analyzed. Results The results showed that unlike Brazil there was a stability of female sterilization in Sao Paulo State during 1986 and 1996. There was a pattern in Sao Paulo： up to 30 years old the pill was the most used contraceptive, after 30 there was a predominance of female sterilization, which increased with the number of children and decreased with schooling. The use of male methods had also increased in the 1986 and 1996 period, being greater in Sao Paulo than in Brazil. Sao Paulo also presented more diversity in the use of reversible contraceptives. Conclusions The predominant two contraceptive methods in Brazil and Sao Paulo changed from 1986 to 1996, i.e..from pill to female sterilization.     

杜仲腰痛丸对髓核非压迫性突出大鼠背根节中降钙素基因相关肽含量的影响

目的 观察杜仲腰痛丸对髓核非压迫性突出大鼠背根节（DRG）中降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）含量的影响。方法 取健康、雄性Wistar大鼠50只，随机分为假手术组（A组）、模型组（B组）、阳性对照组（C组，伸筋丹组）、杜仲腰痛丸高剂量组（D组）、杜仲腰痛丸低剂量组（E组），每组10只。将大鼠自身的尾椎髓核取出移植于左侧L5和L6神经根背侧，造成大鼠非压迫性髓核突出模型，通过免疫组化的方法测定大鼠2周时DRG中CGRP的变化。结果 B、C、D和E组DRG中CGRP阳性神经元的表达明显增加，B、C、D和E组CGRP阳性神经元的免疫反应强度与A组比较均增高（P〈0．05），其中B组与A组比较显著增高（P〈0．01），但C、D、E组与B组比较为低（P〈0．05），D、E组与C组比较为低（P〈0．05）。结论 杜仲腰痛丸可通过下调或者抑制非机械压迫性髓核对神经根损伤后DRG内的痛觉神经递质CGRP的释放而发挥镇痛作用。