原发性高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血清胆红素水平的相关性研究

目的 探讨高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血清胆红素水平的关系.方法 158 例高血压病患者行双侧颈动脉超声多普勒检查,根据检测结果分为颈动脉粥样硬化组和正常颈动脉组.记录各组年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟史、糖尿病史和血压,测定血清总胆红素及其他生物化学指标.结果 颈动脉粥样硬化组的血清总胆红素水平(8.37±3.53)μmol/L显著低于正常颈动脉组(14.53±4.61)μmol/L(P＜0.05).多因素回归分析显示低胆红素血症与颈动脉粥样硬化呈显著正相关(χ2wald=4.41,P=0.029,OR=3.72).结论 低胆红素血症是高血压病患者发生颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素.     

大鼠气管上皮细胞体内—体外转化模型的研究

本研究建立了大鼠气管上皮细胞体内－体外转化模型，大鼠气管内滴注苯并芘，三天后处死大鼠，消化气管上皮细胞，接种于无血清完全培养基。细胞形成集落后，换为选择培养基继续培养五周，统计转化率。结果显示，２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的苯并芘可诱导大鼠气管上皮细胞转化及微核增加，用同样方法研究了煤焦沥青提取物，结果表明，剂量为８ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ的煤焦沥青提取物能明显诱导大鼠气管上皮细胞转化。     

Raf-1 kinase,epidermal growth factor receptors,and mutant ras proteins in colonic carcinomas

Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) andras mutations are known to play a significant role in controlling cell growth and tumor promotion. Both of them transmit mitogenic signals to the nucleus by activation of Raf-1 kinase. In this study, the expression of EGFR and mutant Ras proteins, and, for the first time, the expression, phosphorylation and kinase activity of Raf-1 kinase have been determined in paired samples of colorectal cancer and mucosa. The tumor and mucosa samples did not differ significantly with regard to Raf-1 kinase content and activity. A major difference between tumors and mucosa was found, however, in the phosphorylation of Raf-1. Most of the mucosa samples (13/20), but only 1/20 of the cancer samples, contained hyperphosphorylated Raf-1. EGFR were significantly (p=0.0025) decreased in the tumors. The decreased phosphorylation of Raf-1 in colonic carcinomas could be the result of activation of Raf-1 phosphatases or inactivation of kinases phosphorylating Raf-1. New forms of treatment based on EGFR overexpression do not seem to be suitable for the majority of colonic cancers.This work was supported by the state of Baden-Württemberg (Verbundforschungsprojekt: Aufklärung von Mechanismen der Tumorentstehung und Tumorabwehr).     

胆囊癌组织中NDPK／nm23的表达及意义

作者用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法对４１例胆囊癌标本核苷二磷酸激酶（ＮＤＰＫ，下同）／ｎｍ２３表达进行了测定，结果发现：ｎｍ２３在恶性肿瘤中的表达率明显高于良性病变（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＮＤＰＫ／ｎｍ２３表达与胆囊癌组织的分化、局部浸润及淋巴转移密切相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＮＤＰＫ／ｎｍ２３阳性患者生存中位数１２．２５个月，阴性患者６．５个月，两者存在显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），提示ｎｍ２３检测对预后有重要价值。     

补肾中药对肾虚骨质疏松症大鼠红细胞膜PKC、 Ca2+-Mg2+- ATP酶活性影响的实验研究

本实验研究切除卵巢造成肾虚骨质疏松症大鼠模型。通过观测红细胞膜蛋白激酶Ｃ（ＰＫＣ）和Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＿－ＡＴＰ酶的活性，探讨肾虎骨质疏松症病理机制中肌醇脂质系统的变化，并结合全身和脊柱骨密度（ＢＭＤ）指标观察了补肾中药（密骨灵）的疗效，与正常对照组、模型空白组和阳性药（骨疏康颗粒剂）对照组进行对照，探讨补肾法的防治机理。结果表明；模型空白组大鼠红细胞膜ＰＫＣ和Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶、Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶的活性明显低于正常组（ｐ均＜０．０５）；密骨灵组与骨疏康组大鼠全身、脊柱ＢＭＤ和红细胞膜ＰＫＣ、Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶的活性均明显高于模型空白组（ｐ均＜０．０５），并且与正常组大鼠无明显差别（ｐ均＞０．０５）；密骨灵组大鼠红细胞膜Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性高于模型空白组和骨疏康组（ｐ＜０．０５），并且与正常组无显著性差异（ｐ＞０．０５）；密骨灵组大鼠红细胞膜ＰＫＣ活性高于骨疏康组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：肾虎骨质疏松症具有红细胞膜ＰＫＣ和Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶、Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的改变；密骨灵可以恢复肾虎骨质疏松症大鼠全身骨量，达到防治目的；补肾中药可以恢复红细胞膜ＰＫＣ活性和钙镁泵的活性，是补     

Lines of Murine Oligodendroglial Precursor Cells Immortalized by an Activated neu Tyrosine Kinase Show Distinct Degrees of Interaction with Axons In Vitro and In Vivo

Replication-defective retroviruses expressing the t- neu oncogene, or a hybrid protein with the neu tyrosine kinase linked to the external region of the human epidermal growth factor receptor ( egfr-neu ), were used to establish lines of murine oligodendroglial precursor cells. Differentiation of the t- neu lines into myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG)-positive oligodendrocytes was induced by dibutyryl cAMP, and the egfr-neu line showed limited differentiation in vitro upon withdrawal of epidermal growth factor. Cerebellar granule cell neurons expressed mitogens for the cell lines. Upon transplantation into demyelinated lesions, t- neu line cells engaged with the demyelinated axons whereas the egfr-neu line cells differentiated further and ensheathed the axons. These cell lines thus interact with neurons in vitro and in vivo and can be used as tools to define the molecules involved in different stages of neuron-glia interaction.     

庆大霉素经乳汁的排泄

采用荧光偏振免疫法测定１４例剖宫产术后应用肌注或静点庆大霉素的产妇乳汁及血清中庆大霉素的浓度，结果表明肌注或静点庆大霉素后３￣５小时，乳汁中浓度达峰值，血清中庆大霉素的浓度于给药后０．５小时达峰值。提示：无论肌注或静脉给庆大霉素均可经乳汁排泄，乳母不宜应用庆大霉素，即使产后已应用庆大霉素，应停药１３小时后方可哺乳。     

血清磷、肌酸激酶及其同工酶的测定在肠梗阻诊断中的应用

肠梗阻是临床常见的急腹症，绞窄性肠梗阻的死亡率可高达４５％～３０％，我们自１９９５年８月至１９９７年４月共收治肠梗阻５３例，其中单纯性肠梗阻２８例，经手术证实为绞窄性肠梗阻２５例（其中肠坏死８例），在治疗前均测定血清磷、肌酸激酶及其同工酶，其结果：本组病例中血清磷升高者１４例，其中以８例肠坏死为显著，肌酸激酶及其同功酶的升高也以绞窄性肠梗阻为明显，其中又以发病时间在４８小时以内者和８例肠坏死者为著，因此，我们认为：血清磷、肌酸激酶及其同工酶的测定可以作为判断肠管是否发生绞窄及坏死的辅助诊断指标     

银屑病患者血清促进皮肤成纤维细胞增生的实验研究

进行期寻常型银屑病患者混合血清以5%的比例加入培养基中,作用于体外培养的正常人皮肤成纤维细胞.结果发现,对该细胞的增生具有明显的促进作用.提示银屑病不仅是表皮细胞的异常增生,真皮成纤维细胞的异常和系统性因素在其病理生理方面也占有重要地位.