Chronic isolated torsion of the left fallopian tube: a diagnostic dilemma

Background Chronic tubal torsion is a rare clinical entity. Case A 15-year-old adolescent presented with an 18-month history of intermittent lower abdominal pain at our outpatient department after various preceding consultations with different physicians. She was asymptomatic and showed no abnormality on physical examination. Ultrasound findings revealed a cystic structure adjacent to the left ovary. Diagnostic laparoscopy showed a twisted and dilated left fallopian tube with thickened wall and adherence to the pelvic sidewall. Following detorsion, there was no evidence of reperfusion. Consequently, a left salpingectomy was performed. Conclusion Chronic tubal torsion is a rare but possible differential diagnosis of current lower abdominal pain. Physicians should have a high index of suspicion.     

Effects of salpingectomy on ovarian response in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization: a reappraisal

To evaluate the effects of salpingectomy on ovarian response in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), 36 women who underwent controlled ovarian stimulation cycles for IVF before and after salpingectomy were studied. The overall number of dominant follicles and the number of oocytes aspirated before and after salpingectomy were comparable (7.2 ± 3.8 vs. 7.3 ± 3.7 and 10.2 ± 6.6 vs. 10.3 ± 7.4, respectively) as well as maximal E(2) levels, daily doses of gonadotropins, and the number of dominant follicles before and after surgery on the operated side, demonstrating that salpingectomy does not influence ovarian response in COH.     

Single-port versus conventional laparoscopic salpingectomy in tubal pregnancy: a comparison of surgical outcomes

Objective

To compare the surgical outcomes of single-port laparoscopic salpingectomy (SPLS) and conventional laparoscopic salpingectomy for the surgical treatment of tubal pregnancy.

Study design

From January to June 2009, patients with tubal pregnancy were assigned to two surgical groups: SPLS and conventional laparoscopic salpingectomy. Surgical outcomes, including operative time, postoperative haemoglobin drop, hospital stay and complications, were compared prospectively. For SPLS, a novel multichannel port was made using a wound retractor and a surgical glove.

Results

In total, 60 patients were enrolled in the study (30 in the SPLS group and 30 in the conventional group). All operations were completed successfully. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of mean operative time (52.6 ± 16.1 min vs 46.8 ± 16.2 min; p = 0.174), mean difference between pre- and postoperative haemoglobin (1.7 ± 0.8 g/dl vs 1.8 ± 1.0 g/dl; p = 0.636), or mean postoperative hospital stay (2.4 ± 0.5 days vs 2.4 ± 0.9 days; p = 1.000). No complications were encountered in either group, and there was no conversion to conventional laparoscopy in the SPLS group.

Conclusion

SPLS has comparable surgical outcomes to conventional laparoscopic salpingectomy for the surgical treatment of tubal pregnancy in terms of operative time, hospital stay and complication rates. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the merits expected of single-port laparoscopic surgery, such as cosmetic advantage and decreased pain in patients.     

双侧输卵管切除与双侧输卵管阻塞对体外受精-胚胎移植结局影响的系统评价

目的探讨双侧输卵管切除与阻塞对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)结局的影响,并评估其临床价值及前景,为因输卵管因素采用辅助生殖技术的患者提供临床依据。方法全面检索VIP、CBM、万方数据库、CNKI、PubMed数据库、Ovid数据库,提取双侧输卵管切除与双侧输卵管阻塞对IVF-ET结局的影响随机对照试验及临床回顾性研究,提取数据资料,对所纳入文献进行系统评价,使用Revman5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入11个研究,合计共1 973例患者,其中有明确双侧输卵管切除手术史的有576例,经腹腔镜或子宫输卵管造影检查证实输卵管阻塞的有1 397例患者。Meta分析结果显示,在IVF-ET治疗中,两组所纳入患者年龄差异无统计学意义(P=0.1);输卵管切除组与输卵管阻塞组使用促性腺激素(Gn)用药量比较,差异无统计学意义[MD=2.13,95%CI(-0.27,4.53),P=0.08];Gn用药时间,输卵管切除组较输卵管阻塞组用时长,两者存在显著性差异[MD=0.19,95%CI(0.00,0.38),P0.05];获卵数输卵管阻塞组比输卵管切除组多,两者存在显著性差异[MD=-2.18,95%CI(-4.20,-0.17),P=0.03];但两组妊娠率无显著性差异(P=0.70)。结论在采用同一种促排卵方案的情况下,输卵管切除患者在进行辅助生殖技术时使用Gn时间更长,但获卵数较少,而两组Gn用药量及单次临床妊娠率无显著差异,提示输卵管性不孕患者在行IVF-ET前行输卵管切除可能会引起卵巢低反应性。     

腹腔镜下不同手术方式治疗输卵管妊娠后的妊娠状态

目的 探讨腹腔镜下输卵管切除与输卵管开窗取胚两种手术方式对患者妊娠状态的影响。方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至12月收治的确诊为输卵管妊娠而接受腹腔镜手术、有生育要求并有随诊条件的127例患者。据手术方式不同分成2组:A组为输卵管切除组(64例), B组为输卵管开窗取胚组(63例)。术后随访2年, 比较两组妊娠状态。结果 再次异位妊娠率:A组4.7%(3/64), B组15.9%(10/63), 两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2年宫内妊娠率:A组45.3%(29/64), B组49.2%(31/63), 两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在输卵管妊娠的腹腔镜手术中, 若对侧输卵管外观无异常, 建议行患侧输卵管切除术。     

妇科手术对抗苗勒管激素及卵巢储备功能的影响

随着妇科手术方式层出不穷,尤其是微创手术的广泛开展,如何最大限度地保护卵巢储备功能是医患共同关心的话题。卵巢储备功能反映女性的生育能力,是指卵巢内存在的可受精的卵母细胞的数量和质量,评估指标有年龄、基础卵泡刺激素、雌二醇、黄体生成激素、抑制素B、基础窦状卵泡数和卵巢体积等,但是都存在一定的局限性。抗苗勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)由卵巢的颗粒细胞分泌,在整个月经周期保持相对稳定,测定不受月经周期影响,是预测卵巢储备的可靠指标。综述临床中不同妇科手术对卵巢储备功能的影响。     

Ovarian Reserve and Assisted Reproductive Technique Outcomes After Laparoscopic Proximal Tubal Occlusion or Salpingectomy in Women with Hydrosalpinx Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Study ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) after proximal tubal occlusion (PTO) or salpingectomy in patients with hydrosalpinx undergoing in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer (IVF-ET).DesignRandomized controlled trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).SettingAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.PatientsA total of 165 patients were randomized and subsequently allocated to a PTO group (n = 83) or a salpingectomy group (n = 82).InterventionsPTO and salpingectomy.Measurements and Main ResultsFollowing surgery, compared with the PTO group, the salpingectomy group showed significant decreases in the ovarian reserve parameters serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH; 3.7 ng/mL vs 2.6 ng/mL; p ? .001) and antral follicle count (AFC; 10.6 vs 8.6; p ? .001). The salpingectomy group also required a significantly higher dose of gonadotropins (3901 vs 3260; p ? .001) and more days of stimulation (11.3 vs 10.2; p ? .001) compared with the PTO group. The salpingectomy group had a significantly lower fertilization rate (0.74 vs 0.83; p ? .001) and a lower number of grade 1 embryos (4.1 vs 5.6; p = .02); however, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups with respect to rates of implantation (22.8% vs 23.7%; p = .87), clinical pregnancy (26.3% vs 33.7%, p = .25), live birth (27.5% vs 32.5%; p = .42), and miscarriage (4.7% vs 3.5%; p = .90)ConclusionsPTO is a superior to salpingectomy for the surgical management of patients with hydrosalpinx undergoing IVF-ET in terms of ovarian reserve. However, the 2 surgical techniques are associated with comparable pregnancy rates.     

Hydrosalpinx and pregnancy loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Research question

What is the association between hydrosalpinx and pregnancy loss and the effects of treatment for hydrosalpinx?

Ectopic pregnancy and emergency care: ethical and legal issues.

Ectopic or tubal pregnancy presents a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment in order to contain risks of maternal death and morbidity, including loss of future fertility. Medical circumstances involving individual patients and resources of the prevailing health care system will determine the options and means of treatment. Termination of ectopic pregnancy does not constitute or directly implicate abortion. Any practice of deliberately delaying treatment of reliably diagnosed ectopic pregnancy, on non-clinical grounds, until rupture of the fallopian tube has occurred or is imminent, in order to justify termination of the ectopic pregnancy on grounds of saving the patient's life, is unethical and illegal. Those who undertake or counsel deliberate delay of medically-indicated treatment can be charged with criminal offences and civil (non-criminal) liability, and medical professional misconduct. On reliable diagnosis, prompt treatment to remove ectopic pregnancy is legally justified, and ethically and legally required.