伊贝母的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立伊贝母的HPLC-ELSD指纹图谱.方法 采用HPLC-ELSD法对伊贝母样品进行测定,并用SPSS 22.0软件对不同批次的样品进行主成分分析和聚类分析.结果 筛选出特征峰累计贡献率达81.436％的4个主成分,并对原始数据进行系统聚类分析,建立了伊贝母的特征指纹图谱.结论 聚类分析的结果与其植物学分类的一致,表明该法可用于伊贝母的质量控制.     

Is Endocan a Novel Diagnostic Marker for the Severity of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants?

IntroductionEndocan levels were found to be associated with severity and mortality of the respiratory system diseases.ObjectiveWe aimed to figure out whether endocan was an important marker for the diagnosis, severity and follow-up of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Materials and methodsInfants with moderate/severe BPD, and who required hydrocortisone treatment were included in the study group. Infants without BPD were allocated in the control group. Endocan levels were compared between the control group and the study group, and before and after the treatment in the study group.ResultsA total of 148 infants, 74 infants in the control group and 74 infants in the BPD group, were included. The endocan level was higher in the BPD group than in the control group (P = .001). Endocan levels before treatment in the BPD group was found to be higher than endocan level after treatment (P = .021).ConclusionOur study found that endocan levels increased in moderate/severe BPD. Serum endocan levels may be a safe and novel indicator for the follow-up of response to treatment and the prognosis of the severity of the disease.     

高原地区脑血管病患病率及危险因素分析

目的：探索高原地区脑血管病的患病率及其危险因素。方法：分析我院1998年-2003年间1876例脑卒中病人的临床资料,并利用SPSS统计软件包进行频数和logistic回归等项目分析。结果：脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血、脑梗塞和TIA的患病率分别为32.2％,4.5％,41.7％和21.6％。影响脑卒中发生的相关危险因素有：高血压、年龄、性别、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、胆固醇和冠心病、糖尿病(B=-0.660,B=0.013,B=-0.462,B=-0.011,B=-0.286,B=-0.191,B=-0426,B=-0.307),其中血红蛋白和红细胞压积的水平都较平原地区的值高。结论：高原地区脑血管病的患病率及其危险因素在主要指标方面与现有报道基本一致,但也有其高海拔的特点,Hb和Hct可能在高原脑卒中发生方面起着重要的作用。     

Acute and chronic effects of electroconvulsive treatment on oxidative parameters in schizophrenia patients

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment alternative for schizophrenia. Previous studies have already indicated the possible effects of oxidative stress in this disorder. However, there have been no previous studies evaluating the effects of ECT on the oxidative stress in these patients. We therefore aimed to investigate the acute and chronic effects of ECT on serum levels of oxidant and antioxidant molecules in schizophrenia patients (n = 28). The serum MDA and CAT levels of the patients with schizophrenia were higher than that of the controls before ECT (n = 20) but there was no significant difference in the serum NO and GSH levels of the patient groups compared to the controls. We found that the NO levels of the patients were higher than the controls in the group experiencing their first episode but not in the chronic group. There was a significant clinical improvement in the patients in terms of BPRS, SANS and SAPS reduction after the 9th ECT, but not the 1st ECT. Serum MDA levels were significantly reduced compared to the baseline after the 9th ECT session although there was no significant difference after the 1st session. Separate evaluation of the patient groups revealed that the significant MDA decrease following ECT was in the patients experiencing their first episode and not in the chronic group. No significant difference was noted in the serum levels of other oxidant and antioxidant molecules after either the 1st or 9th ECT session. These results suggest that ECT does not produce any negative effect on oxidative stress in patients with schizophrenia.     

Neurochemical evidence that 3-methylglutaric acid inhibits synaptic Na,K-ATPase activity probably through oxidative damage in brain cortex of young rats

3-Methylglutaconic aciduria (MGTA) comprehends a group of disorders biochemically characterized by accumulation of 3-methylglutaric acid (MGA), 3-methylglutaconic acid (MGT) and occasionally 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (OHIVA). Although neurological symptoms are common in the affected individuals, the mechanisms of brain damage are poorly known. In the present study we investigated the in vitro effect MGA, MGT and OHIVA, at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 mM, on bioenergetics and oxidative stress in synaptosomal preparations isolated from cerebral cortex of young rats. MGA significantly reduced mitochondrial redox potential (25%), as determined by resazurin reduction, and inhibited the activity of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase (30%), whereas MGT and OHIVA did not modify these parameters. Moreover, the inhibitory effect elicited by MGA on Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity was totally prevented by co-incubation with the scavenging antioxidants creatine and melatonin, implying a role for reactive species in this effect. MGA also increased 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation (30%), reinforcing that this organic acid induces reactive species production. The present data indicate that MGA compromises mitochondrial function, elicits reactive species production and inhibits the activity of a crucial enzyme implicated in neurotransmission. It is therefore presumed that these deleterious effects may play a role in the pathophysiology of the brain damage observed in patients affected by disorders in which MGA accumulates.     

A genetic schizophrenia-susceptibility region located between the ANKK1 and DRD2 genes

Background

The gene coding for the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) is considered to be one of the most pertinent candidate genes in schizophrenia. However, genetic studies have yielded conflicting results whereas the promising TaqIA variant/rs1800497 has been mapped in a novel gene, ANKK1.

Methods

We investigated eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the DRD2 and ANKK1 genes, using both a case–control association study comparing 144 independent patients to 142 matched healthy subjects, and a transmission disequilibrium test in 108 trios. This classical genetic study was coupled with a cladistic phylogeny-based association test of human variants, and with an interspecies evolution study of ANKK1.

Results

Case–control study, followed by a 108 trios family-based association analysis for replication, revealed an association between schizophrenia and the ANKK1 rs1800497 (p = 0.01, Odds Ratio = 1.5, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.1–2.2), and the intergenic rs2242592 (p = 2 · 10^− 4, OR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.3–2.5). A significant SNP–SNP interaction was also found (p < 10^− 5, OR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.6–2.5). The phylogeny-based association test also identified an association between both these polymorphisms and schizophrenia. Finally, interspecies comparison of the sequences from chimpanzee, orangutan, rhesus macaque and human species suggested specific involvement of ANKK1 in the human lineage.

Conclusions

Intergenic rs2242592 appears to be involved in the genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia, whereas the ANKK1 rs1800497 appears to have a modifying rather than causative effect. Finally, ANKK1 may be a specific human lineage-trait involved in a specific human disease, schizophrenia.     

基于ARIMA模型的张家川地区胃炎发病情况研究

[目的]有关胃炎发病情况的时间序列分析研究较少,通过建立数学模型,研究胃炎发病的相关情况,可以做到及时预防。[方法]通过SPSS软件对甘肃张家川地区胃炎发病病例监测登记资料进行统计分析,同时进行时间序列模型拟合,观察疾病发展趋势。[结果]得到最优时间序列模型ARIMA(1,1,1)及其数学表达式Yt=0.843Yt-1+0.157Yt-2+at-0.558at-1并进行了实际值与预测值比较。[结论]研究胃炎发病的相关情况,有重点地进行健康防治工作,有效地降低胃炎对人类的危害,从而保障了人类的生活品质。     

频数表资料中位数两种算法的异同

<正>中位数(median,M)是将一组观察值由小到大排列,位置居中的变量值(n为奇数)或位置居中的两个变量的均值(n为偶数)。它可用于描述非正态分布资料,频数分布的一端或两端无确切数据的资料,总体分布不清楚的资料。当样本含     

山东产半夏药材的高效液相指纹图谱分析

目的 建立山东产半夏药材的HPLC指纹图谱,为半夏药材质量控制提供方法和依据。方法 采用C18柱（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）,以乙腈-水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长为260nm,对获得的HPLC指纹图谱采用相似度评价软件和SPSS13.0软件进行相似度评价和聚类分析。结果 建立了山东产半夏药材的HPLC指纹图谱,方法学考察符合指纹图谱技术要求。相似度计算及聚类分析表明,山东不同产区半夏药材指纹图谱之间相似度高,归为一大类,但与商品半夏药材相似度差异较大、与半夏炮制品、天南星等则不能聚为一类。结论 建立的半夏药材高效液相分析方法简单、准确、重现性好,峰分离度较好,可作为半夏药材鉴别和量化控制的依据。     

Differential expression of salivary S100A7 in oral submucous fibrosis

Aim

To investigate the expression of salivary S100A7 levels among patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and healthy controls.