Psychometric properties of the Neck OutcOme Score,Neck Disability Index,and Short Form–36 were evaluated in patients with neck pain

ObjectiveTo assess reliability, construct validity, responsiveness, and interpretability for Neck OutcOme Score (NOOS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Short Form–36 (SF-36) in neck pain patients.Study Design and SettingInternal consistency was assessed by Cronbach alpha. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and measurement error was estimated from the standard error of measurement. Responsiveness was assessed as standardized response mean (SRM) and interpretability from the minimal important difference (MID). Construct validity was tested correlating subscale scores from NOOS and SF-36 and NDI items.ResultsAt baseline, 196 neck pain patients were included. Cronbach α was adequate for most NOOS subscales, NDI, and SF-36 with few exceptions. Good to excellent reliability was found for NOOS subscales (ICC 0.88–0.95), for NDI, and for SF-36 with few exceptions. For NOOS, minimal detectable changes varied between 1.1 and 1.9, and construct validity was supported. SRMs were higher for NOOS subscales (0.19–0.42), compared to SF-36 and NDI. MID values varied between 15.0 and 24.1 for NOOS subscales.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the NOOS is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure of self-reported disability in neck pain patients, performing at least as well or better than the commonly used SF-36 and NDI.     

Instrument validation: hospital nurse perceptions of their Behavioral Health Care Competency

Aim. To report the development and psychometric testing of the Behavioral Health Care Competency survey, designed to measure hospital nurse perceptions of behavioral healthcare competency. Background. Hospital nurses working in general or other non‐psychiatric units may lack behavioral healthcare competency to manage disruptive behaviours associated with mental illnesses. Design. Instrument development. Method. A nurse study team including clinical experts and nurse researchers from three community hospitals in southern California (USA) reviewed content validity of each item and the 31‐item instrument and created a behavioral health care competency conceptual model based on the nursing process. Separate institutional review board permissions were obtained from each hospital. The study team collaborated in the timing of survey administration (November 2010), analysis of the results and survey validation. Results. A total of 844 nurses completed the survey, representing approximately 23–41% of eligible nurses from each hospital. Using principal component analysis with varimax rotation, 23 items led to a factor structure with four components. Four subscales with adequate alpha coefficients were formed: Resource Adequacy, Patient Assessment, Practice/Intervention Competency, and Psychotropic Recommendation. Conclusion. The 23‐item hospital nurse Behavioral Health Care Competency survey is an adequate and valid newly developed instrument. Further testing with diverse samples is needed to strengthen generalizability and address unique and specialized nursing care needs.     

超声波技术替代冰冻切片技术在甲状腺术中快速制片的应用

目的试验超声波技术在甲状腺手术过程中替代冰冻切片技术快速制出病理切片,探寻适合甲状腺冰冻切片的替代制片技术。方法 2018年4月23日临床手术送检的活体组织,同一块组织按照1.0 cm×1.0 cm×0.1 cm取材六块,随机等分为三组。分别设置80 min,70 min,55 min每一个程序总的试验时间,观察最终切片与冰冻切片的质量对比。结果在取材标准的情况下,采用C组制片质量能够达到快速诊断要求,三组的切片质量均优于冰冻切片质量,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。但是A、B两组相对组织处理的时间较长,三组切片质量均势的情况下,C组更能符合替代快速冰冻切片的要求。结论超声波快速处理仪可以帮助解决术中的甲状腺手术快速制片的要求。     

妇科单孔腹腔镜手术器械选择

文章从历史发展的角度介绍了妇科单孔腹腔镜手术相关器械的演变历程，重点阐述了相关器械的优劣及其改进的原因以及对妇科单孔腹腔镜手术发展的影响。有助于读者在了解相关历史的基础上，更好地选择合适的器械。     

Translation and validation of the Canadian diabetes risk assessment questionnaire in China

Objectives

To adapt the Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire for the Chinese population and to evaluate its psychometric properties.

Design and Sample

A cross‐sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 194 individuals aged 35–74 years from October 2014 to April 2015.

Methods

The Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire was adapted and translated for the Chinese population. Test–retest reliability was conducted to measure stability. Criterion and convergent validity of the adapted questionnaire were assessed using 2‐hr 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated to establish its predictive validity.

Results

The test–retest reliability was 0.988. Adequate validity of the adapted questionnaire was demonstrated by positive correlations found between the scores and 2‐hr 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests (r = .343, p < .001) and with the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores (r = .738, p < .001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.705 (95% CI .632, .778), demonstrating moderate diagnostic value at a cutoff score of 30. The sensitivity was 73%, with a positive predictive value of 57% and negative predictive value of 78%.

Conclusions

Our results provided evidence supporting the translation consistency, content validity, convergent validity, criterion validity, sensitivity, and specificity of the translated Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire with minor modifications. This paper provides clinical, practical, and methodological information on how to adapt a diabetes risk calculator between cultures for public health nurses.     

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??Root canal therapy is the general treatment for endodontic and periapical disease. However??the failure of the therapy still exists. Then root canal retreatment becomes an effective way to increase the conservation rate of those teeth. The aim of retreatment is to eliminate the infected site. The success rate of retreatment is related to many kinds of factors. With the development of implant technology and endodontic surgery??the indications of retreatment have changed. Besides??Niti instruments??ultrasonic and laser technology have improved the efficiency of the retreatment.