Electrical and molecular coupling between sodium and proton fluxes in basolateral membrane vesicles of rat liver

Mechanisms of Na⁺–H⁺ exchange in the hepatocyte were studied utilizing isolated basolateral membrane vesicles prepared by two different methods: Evidence was obtained for the existence of molecular coupling of Na⁺ and H⁺ fluxes (Na⁺/H⁺-antiport) which exhibits saturation kinetics (Km 7 mmol/l Na⁺) and is inhibited by amiloride (1.0 mmol/l). Although the two membrane preparations showed differences with respect to ionic permeabilities, our data suggest that a relatively high H⁺ conductance exists in the basolateral plasma membrane. Hence, electrical coupling of conductive H⁺ and Na⁺ fluxes in the opposite direction could contribute to net Na⁺–H⁺ exchange across the basolateral hepatocyte plasma membrane.     

汉区少数民族学生文化疏离感研究

目的:提出文化疏离感的操作性定义和初步的理论构想,为我国少数民族的文化认同和文化适应,以及少数民族青少年的教育培养提供比较重要的参考资料,为疏离感理论的丰富起到一定积极作用.方法:自编<汉区少数民族学生文化疏离感量表>,进行信效度考察以后对678名汉区少数民族学生进行调查.结果:1.文化疏离感及其四个子维度在地区主效应上均表现出显著差异,在年龄主效应上差异不显著;文化分离感和不和谐感在性别主效应上差异显著.2.文化疏离感及其两个子维度(文化孤立感和文化分离感)在年龄和地区,以及在年龄、地区和性别的交互作用上均表现出显著差异.3.影响文化疏离感及其文化孤立感、文化分离感、被控感三个维度的主要变量是学生小学前后居住地区的改变,而影响不和谐感的主要变量是性别.结论:小学前后居住地的改变会影响少数民族学生文化疏离感.     

斑点金免疫渗滤法检测MCTD患者血清中抗鸡卵核72 000蛋白抗体的研究

目的 探求一种可用于混合性结缔组织病(MCTD)诊断的简便、快速、可靠的方法.方法以硝酸纤维素膜为载体,胶体金标记蛋白为显示剂,建立检测MCTD患者血清中抗鸡卵核72000蛋白抗体的斑点金免疫渗滤试验(DIGFA).结果本实验重复3次,在66例MCTD患者血清中平均有53例检出该抗体,平均阳性率为80.30%(53/66);硬皮病(PSS)42例、皮肌炎和多发性肌炎(DM/PM)51例、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)93例均未测出有交叉反应;98例正常对照人群检测均为阴性.53例血清中抗鸡卵核72000蛋白抗体阳性的MCDT患者在治疗前的几何平均倒数滴度(GMRT)为496.62±19.96,治疗后为295.68±20.38;该抗体与MCTD活动指数、ANA滴度及抗nRNP抗体滴度呈显著正相关.结论 DIGFA检测MCTD患者血清中抗鸡卵核72000蛋白抗体,对MCTD诊断有一定的价值,在治疗过程中也有一定的疗效提示作用.     

脐血来源的树突状细胞增强CIK细胞的杀伤作用

为确认体外诱导出的成熟脐血来源树突状细胞 (CBDC )可以引发强大抗肿瘤免疫反应 ,CBDC培养 12d后用电镜分析形态 ,用流式细胞仪检测其表型。在不同培养时间 ,用3 H TdR掺入法检测CBDC和细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞 (CIK )的扩增功能 ;用MTT法检测被CBDC激活的CIK抗肿瘤活性。结果表明 ,体外诱导出形态典型的DC ,高表达主要组织相容性抗原I、II类分子、CD5 4 ,也表达CD80、CD83、CD1a,不表达CD6 8。体外培养 12d成熟的CBDC ,能使CIK以最高的比率扩增 ,2种细胞最佳混合比为 1∶10时被激活的CIK杀伤BEL 74 0 2肝癌细胞的功能最强 ,最佳效靶比为 80∶1     

大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤尘颗粒的实验研究

本实验用相差显微电影、溶酶体荧光定位和透射电镜等方法,研究了大鼠离体肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤尘的作用,并用二氧化矽和酵母菌作实验对照。结果表明,煤尘颗粒同二氧化矽类似,经过附着,迅速以吞噬体形式被摄入胞浆,而酵母菌呈典型的伪足包围和缓幔吞噬过程。实验证明,用吖啶橙作活细胞溶酶体定位是有效的。被标记的溶酶体发出强橙色荧光。当煤粒吞噬体进入胞浆后,常被多个溶酶体接触包围,形成次级溶酶体。电镜观察提示,煤尘可引起次级溶酶体膜的损害。     

Caudal end of the rat spinal dorsal horn

We have previously demonstrated that the transformation of the caudal spinal cord through the conus medullaris to the filum terminale takes place in three steps. In the conus medullaris the twin layers of CGRP-immunoreactive and IB4-labeled primary afferent fibers as well as the translucent portion of the superficial dorsal horn equivalent to the substantia gelatinosa discontinue before the complete removal of the dorsal horn. Parallel with these changes VGLUT1-immunoreactive myelinated primary afferent fibers arborize not only in the deep layers but also in the entire extension of the remaining dorsal horn, while scattered CGRP fibers still remains at the margin of and deep in the dorsal horn. PKCgamma-immunoreactive dorsal horn neurons discontinue parallel with the disappearance of the IB4-labeled nerve fibers. These observations suggest that in the dorsal horn certain neurons are linked to the substantia gelatinosa, while others are substantia gelatinosa-independent neurons.     

Physostigmine and norepinephrine: Effects of injection into the amygdala on taste associations

The present investigation was conducted to determine whether norepinephrine or acetylcholine systems of the amygdala could be involved in two adaptive feeding behaviors in the rat: development of taste aversion and recovery from neophobia. In a taste aversion paradigm, a single bilateral injection of physostigmine directly into the amygdala at the onset of an apomorphine-induced illness experience produced a time-dependent attenuation in the development of taste aversion; in contrast, norepinephrine had no disruptive effects. In a neophobia paradigm, norepinephrine injected directly into the amygdala after a novel taste experience resulted in a time-dependent attenuation in recovery from neophobia; however, physostigmine produced no disruptive effects. Hence, acetylcholine appears to mediate taste-illness associations, while norepinephrine plays an important role in recovery from neophobia, i.e., taste-“learned safety” associations.     

Fine mapping of thymus enlargement gene 1 (Ten1) in BUF/Mna rats

Two polymeric autosomal loci, Ten1 and Ten2, regulate thymus enlargement in BUF/Mna (B) rats. Previously, we mapped Ten1 on chromosome (Chr) 1 to a 20 cM region between Myl2 and D1Mgh11, and Ten2 on Chr 13. To further characterize the precise position of Ten1, 34 and 37 microsatellite markers, that have a polymorphism between the B and WYK (W) and between the B and MITE (M) strains, were used for linkage analysis of thymus enlargement in 105 (WBF1 x B) blackcross (BC) and 78 (B x BMF1) BC rats, respectively. Our data showed that the D1Rat168, D1Rat112, D1Rat323, D1Got186, D1Got187 and D1Got188 markers each gave a peak logarithm of odds (LOD) score of 10.68 for linkage to the thymus ratio in (WBF1 x B) BC rats, and that the D1Rat168, D1Rat197, D1Got184, D1Got186 and D1Got188 markers each gave a peak LOD score of 7.82 in (B x BMF1) BC rats. The two LOD score peaks are coincident in the position of the rat genetic map. All of the markers mentioned above are located in the region between Igf2 and D1Mgh11, in which synteny is conserved with human 11q15.5 and the distal end of mouse Chr 7 or with human 11q13 and the proximal end of mouse Chr 19. Genes existing in these regions are discussed as candidate genes for Ten1.     

A flow cytometric method for the measurement of phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes

A new method for the measurement of phagocytosis of Candida albicans by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) is described using a fluorescence activated cell sorter. We have used acridine orange to discriminate between PMN which have internalised yeast particles and those which have not. This method allows accurate measurement of particle phagocytosis as an event distinct from particle adherence. It also permits detailed examination of the kinetics of phagocytosis, the study of which is likely to be of value in the investigation of diseases where abnormalities of PMN function are suspected.     

Secretin dissipates red aridine orange fluoescence from pancreatic duct epithelium

This study was undertaken to elucidate whether duct cells in the pancreas contain acidic cytoplasmic compartments regulated by secretion. Microdissected pancreatic ducts from pigs were examined by acridibe orange (AO) and 2′, 7′-biscarboxyethyl-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein/tetraacetioxymethyl ester (BCECF/AM) epifluorescence microscopy. Estimated cytoplasmic pH using BCECF fluorescence was 7.43pL0.04 and was not changed by altering CO₂ tension in the incubation mdium. The epithelium of acridine orange incbated peripheral interlobular pancreatic ducts exhibited green and fluorescence was sen in resting pancreatic ducts and was greatly accentuated by raising CO₂ in the incubation medium with chloroqyuine or NH₄Cl or the protonophores carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) or carbonyl cyanide M-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), leaving uniform gren fluoresence. These findings suggest that pancreatic duct cells contain CO₂-dependent acidic compartments which vanishduring seceatin stimulation and which may be cytoplasmic tubulovesicles.