放化疗联合治疗复发食管癌的疗效及毒副反应

目的研究以顺铂/奈达铂为基础同步化疗方案治疗放疗后复发食管癌(Ⅲ～Ⅳ期)患者的近期疗效、生存时间及毒副反应。方法选取2010年6月～2015年6月本院收治的160例放疗后复查食管癌(Ⅲ～Ⅳ期)患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组(n=80)和对照组(n=80),两组患者均给予调强放疗(IMRT),化疗方案:对照组给予顺铂联合多西他赛、观察组给予洛铂联合多西他赛。所有患者随访3年,收集近期疗效、生存时间及毒副反应数据并进行比较。结果观察组患者总有效率为82.50%,高于对照组57.50%(P0.05);观察组患者的在1年、2年、3年的生存率分别为:66.25%、43.75%、27.50%,高于对照组的38.75%、28.75%、11.25%(P0.05);观察组患者的再次复发率及远处转移率分别为15.00%、3.75%,低于对照组32.50%、22.50%(P0.05);观察组患者的骨髓抑制、消化道反应、放射性肺炎及放射性食管炎的发生率均低于对照组。结论在放疗后复发Ⅲ～Ⅳ期食管癌患者中,应用奈达铂联合多西他赛化疗方案能够提高患者的治疗总有效率,延长生存时间,减少再次复发及远处转移率,各类不良反应发生率较低。     

Long-term efficacy and toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with nedaplatin and S-1 for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to retrospectively analyze the long-term efficacy and toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with nedaplatin and S-1 for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsThe study enrolled 53 patients (23 with stage II disease, 13 with stage III disease, and 17 with stage IV disease). S-1 was administered orally twice a day for 14 days, followed by a two-week rest period. Nedaplatin was intravenously administered on day 4. Where possible, two courses of chemotherapy were performed. Radiotherapy was started with the administration of S-1. We analyzed the clinical response, survival rate, acute adverse events, and late swallowing toxicity.ResultsThe complete response rates for the primary tumor and neck lymph node metastases were 94.3% and 79.3%, respectively. The five-year overall survival rate was 79.5%, the five-year disease-specific survival rate was 84.8%, and the five-year relapse-free survival rate was 73.7%. The main acute adverse events were leukopenia, neutropenia, mucositis, and dermatitis. No patient had severe nephrotoxicity. Late swallowing toxicity was observed in 13 patients.ConclusionsThe low toxicity, and low nephrotoxicity of chemoradiotherapy with nedaplatin and S-1 have a positive impact on long-term survival. The combination of nedaplatin and S-1 can be used instead of cisplatin and 5-?uorouracil as a safer regimen, especially in patients with some complications and those requiring treatment in an outpatient setting.     

紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗与单纯放疗治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的疗效比较

目的：比较紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗与单纯放疗治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的疗效。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月至2011年12月来我院进行诊治,经检查和病理等确诊为局部晚期宫颈癌患者82例,根据患者治疗方法分为对照组和观察组,每组41例,对照组进行单纯放疗,观察组使用紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗,治疗后随访36个月,比较两组患者的近期和远期治疗效果。结果：治疗4个周期后1个月评价两组患者的近期疗效,对照组总有效31例,总有效率为75.61%（31/41）,观察组总有效38例,总有效率92.68%（38/41）,两组患者总有效率相比,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;随访三年中,对照组患者局部复发13例,局部复发率为31.70%（13/41）,远处转移9例,远处转移率为21.95%（9/41）,3年生存28例,生存率为68.29%（28/41）;观察组患者局部复发4例,局部复发率为9.76%（4/41）,远处转移2例,远处转移率为4.88%（2/41）,3年生存36例,3年生存率为87.80%（36/41）,两组患者局部复发率、远处转移率、3年生存率相比,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗具有较好的近期治疗效果,而且可以提高患者的生存率、降低局部复发率和远处转移率,值得临床上推广应用。     

奈达铂+5-Fu联合调强适形放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床观察

目的 观察奈达铂+5-Fu联合调强适形放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的疗效与安全性.方法 选择我院2006年3月～2008年3月46例经病理确诊的中晚期宫颈癌患者,在调强适形放疗基础上结合奈达铂+5-Fu联合化疗,本组患者为观察组,同时选择同期调强适形放疗的46例中晚期宫颈癌患者作为对照组,对患者近期疗效、不良反应进行观察,所有患者均随访6～60个月,比较远期疗效.结果 观察组总有效率89.13％;对照组总有效率63.04％;观察组近期疗效明显好于对照组,观察组1年、3年、5年生存率分别是100.0％、80.43％、65.22％;3年、5年生存率明显大于对照组,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).两组毒副反应发生率差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 奈达铂+5-Fu联合调强适形放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌无论是近期效果还是远期疗效,均好于单纯放疗,而且毒副反应未见高于对照组,具有较高的安全性.     

血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂联合奈达铂对鼻咽癌CNE2细胞的抑制作用

目的:研究血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACE-I)联合奈达铂(NDP)在体外对鼻咽癌细胞生长的影响。方法:利用MTT比色法、流式细胞仪、RT-PCR、免疫印迹及酶联免疫等方法测定不同组(对照组、NDP组、ACE-I组、NDP+ACE-I组)对人鼻咽癌细胞CNE2生长、细胞周期及对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响。结果:单独NDP或ACE-I不能抑制CNE2细胞生长,联合应用能明显抑制CNE2细胞生长和VEGF的表达。结论:ACE-I和NDP联合抑制CNE2细胞增殖是通过抑制VEGF的表达实现的。     

奈达铂联合多西紫杉醇治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的探讨奈达铂联合多西紫杉醇治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和毒性。方法对23例晚期非小细胞肺癌应用奈达铂联合多西紫杉醇治疗,并对其疗效及毒性进行分析。结果奈达铂联合多西紫杉醇治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的总有效率为39.3%,其中鳞癌有效率为38.5%,腺癌有效率为40.0%,主要不良反应为骨髓抑制、恶心、呕吐,绝大多数患者耐受性良好。结论奈达铂联合多西紫杉醇治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌安全,有效,值得临床推广应用。     

Research progress of nedaplatin in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Inductive chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy have been a focus on the clinical research in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cisplatin, as a kind of representative platinum drug, can improve the curative effect, but it also brings a lot of side effects to nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. The new kind of platinum drug nedaplatin,can not only guarantee the curative effect but also reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.     

奈达铂化疗同步三维适形放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的临床观察

背景:食管癌常规放疗疗效欠佳,局部复发常见。目的:探讨奈达铂(NDP)化疗同步三维适形放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法:75例经病理证实的中晚期食管癌患者随机分成放疗组(37例,6 MV-X线或15 MV-X线常规放疗,2.0 Gy/次,5次/周,6～7周)和同期放化疗组(38例,与放疗同步行NDP化疗,30～40 mg静脉滴入,1次/周,共6次)。治疗结束后3个月评估近期疗效和近期毒副反应,随访结束后评估远期疗效。结果:同期放化疗组的总有效率高于放疗组,差异有统计学意义(78.9%对514%,P0.05);放疗组和同期放化疗组的2级及以上、3级及以上放射性食管炎发生率差异无统计学意义(40.5%对50.0%,10.8%对18.4%,P0.05)。同期放化疗组的1、3年局部控制率(73.0%对63.6%,49.2%对43.3%,P0.05)和1、3年生存率(69.8%对49.8%,41.3%对30.2%,P0.05)均显著高于放疗组。结论:NDP化疗同步放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的近、远期疗效均优于单纯放疗,且患者能耐受近期毒副反应,因此具有一定临床应用前景。     

Dose escalation study of docetaxel and nedaplatin in patients with relapsed or refractory squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus pretreated using cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and radiation

Background Definitive chemoradiation with cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) has been playing an important role in the treatment of esophageal cancer, but some patients are not curable or have recurrent lesions. However, few chemotherapeutic regimens are available for such patients. Docetaxel and nedaplatin are active for esophageal cancer. We conducted a dose-escalation study of docetaxel and nedaplatin as second line-chemotherapy after definitive chemoradiation in patients with relapsed or refractory squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus after chemoradiation. Methods Nedaplatin was administered on day 1 and docetaxel was administered on days 1 and 15, every 4 weeks. Dose escalation was based on the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) observed during the first cycle. Results Twelve patients were enrolled. At a docetaxel dose of 30 mg/m² and a nedaplatin dose of 80 mg/m², one grade 4 neutropenia occurred and caused one treatment break longer than 2 weeks, but there were few DLTs. At doses of 35 and 80 mg/m², respectively, two grade 4 neutropenias and one grade 2 thrombopenia occurred and caused three treatment breaks longer than 2 weeks. Therefore, the maximum tolerated dose was established at this dose level. Two grade 3 anorexias and one grade 3 nausea occurred, but other non-hematological toxicities were generally mild. Responses were seen in one-fourth of the 12 patients, including one complete remission. Conclusion The recommended doses of docetaxel and nedaplatin were 30 and 80 mg/m², respectively. This combination could be a potential second-line treatment for this target population.     

Multicenter phase I trial of induction chemotherapy with docetaxel and nedaplatin for oral squamous cell carcinoma

A phase I study of combination neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel (DOC) and nadaplatin (CDGP) was conducted in patients with untreated, advanced but operable oral squamous cell carcinoma. DOC was administered (one-hour i.v. infusion) on day 1 followed by CDGP (one-hour i.v. infusion). The dose levels of DOC and CDGP tested were 60/70, 60/80, 60/90, 60/100, and 70/100 (mg/m²). Fifteen patients enrolled in this study and median age was 60 years. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred in one of six patients at DOC dose of 60 mg/m² and CDGP dose of 100 mg/m². The DLT was diarrhea. Because one additional patient at this dose-level developed grade 4 neutropenia lasting for 4 days that approached DLT and because fear of severe hematological problems was predicted, further dose escalation was not performed. This combination chemotherapy is active and well tolerated and warrants a phase II study. We recommended 60 mg/m² DOC and 100 mg/m² CDGP for phase II study.