Measles virus matrix protein gene expression in a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patient brain and virus isolate demonstrated by cDNA hybridization and immunocytochemistry

Summary Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, fatal disease of children caused by a persistent measles virus infection of the central nervous system. A defect in synthesis of measles virus matrix (M) protein may be a factor in virus persistence in the brain. This study details attempts to detect expression of M protein in the brain of an SSPE patient, in the cell-associated virus isolated from this brain, and in brains of ferrets inoculated with the isolate. In situ hybridization with a tritiated cloned cDNA probe was used to search for RNA encoding M protein. Immunostaining with monospecific antiserum and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique was done to locate the polypeptide. The data obtained indicate that although nucleotide sequences coding for M protein were detected in the patient and ferret brains, expression of M protein in these tissues could not be detected. In the cultured SSPE virus isolate, the results were the same until the infected cells were examined by electron microscopy and a very limited expression of M protein was revealed. This suggests either diminished synthesis and/or rapid degradation of M protein in this cell-associated virus strain.This paper is dedicated to the late Dr. George A. Jervis, first Director of the Institute for Basic Research, Physician and Scientist, for his humanity and many contributions to the mentally retarded and developmentally disabled.     

大鼠牙齿移动牙周组织中Ⅰ型胶原和MMP-1及TIMP-1的表达

目的：观察大鼠正畸牙齿移动过程中I型胶原和MMP-i、TIMP-1在上颌第-磨牙牙周组织中的表达和变化。方法：建立大鼠正畸磨牙移动模型，分为对照组和术后1、3、5、7、10、14天组，用免疫组织化学方法观察各组中Ⅰ型胶原和MMP-1、TIMP-1表达的变化。结果：I型胶原和MMP-1、TIMP-1在大鼠正畸牙周组织中的阳性表达明显强于对照组，且有时间依赖性。结论：Ⅰ型胶原在牙周组织改建中具有重要的作用，MMP-1、TIMP-1参与了正畸牙周组织细胞外基质的代谢过程。     

MMP-9、PCNA在骨肉瘤中的表达及其临床意义

【目的】研究骨肉瘤组织中基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达及两者的相关性及临床意义。【方法】对54例骨肉瘤组织和20例正常骨组织进行MMP-9和PCNA免疫组化染色。【结果】两者在骨肉瘤组织中的阳性表达明显高于正常组骨组织，且呈正相关（P〈0．05）；MMP-9在骨肉瘤组织中的表达与其临床分期无明显相关性；而与骨肉瘤侵袭软组织及预后有显著相关性。PCNA在骨肉瘤组织中的表达与其临床分期和预后有相关性。【结论】MMP-9和PCNA在骨肉瘤组织的表达明显上调；MMP-9与骨肉瘤的侵袭、转移有关，可作为预测转移潜能的指标。PCNA可作为骨肉瘤增殖的一个指标。     

Clinical evaluation of serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 levels in patients with liver diseases

Serum levels of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) were measured in 268 patients with liver diseases by means of a one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay. In the cases of acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis (CAH), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the levels of TIMP-1 were higher than those of the control group. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 levels correlated with type III procollagen peptide and with type IV collagen, indicating TIMP-1 as a useful marker for hepatic fibrosis. Levels of TIMP-1 also correlated with aspartate aminotransserase and alanine aminotransferase levels and showed the highest levels in acute hepatitis. Thus, TIMP-1 might also reflect hepatic inflammation. Serum levels of α-fetoprotein and TIMP-1 had a significant positive correlation in patients with HCC. A cut-off level of TIMP-1 between LC and HCC was set at 440 ng/mL, having a low sensitivity and a high specificity. These results suggest the usefulness of TIMP-1 as a tumour marker in cases of HCC where α-fetoprotein levels are not elevated.     

活血化瘀中药对清解通下中药增效作用的实验研究V——对粘连组织中MMP-1和TIMP-1影响的实验研究

目的：通过大鼠腹膜粘连动物模型，观察活血清下汤（由活血化瘀中药复方丹参＋清解通下中药加味小承气汤两方组合而成）的多靶点治疗作用，探讨活血化瘀中药对清解通下中药的增效作用。方法：采用盲肠结扎加穿孔法制作大鼠腹膜粘连动物模型，对粘连组织的MMP-1和TMP-1进行检测。结果：应用活血清下汤可以显著降低TMP-1的表达水平，提高MMP-1的表达水平，较单用加味小承气汤或复方丹参方效果显著。结论：活血清下汤对防治腹膜粘连形成，比单用加味小承气汤或复方丹参效果更为显著。提示活血化瘀中药对清解通下中药存在增效作用。     

直肠癌组织中基质调控蛋白的表达及意义

目的研究直肠癌组织中EMMPRIN,MMP1,MMP9,TIMP1的表达及其临床病理意义.方法41例直肠癌手术切除标本和15例非癌组织（距肿块≥5 cm）石蜡切片行ABC免疫组化法检测EMMPRIN,MMP1,MMP9,TIMP1的表达水平,对其进行分析比较.结果EMMPRIN,MMP1,MMP9,TIMP1在直肠癌组织的表达阳性率分别为58.5%（24/41）,53.6%（22/41）,51.2%（21/42）,46.3%（19/41）;15例非癌组织阳性率分别为13.3%（2/15）,13.3%（2/15）,6.7%（1/15）,86.7%（13/15）,两者存在显著或高度显著差异（P＜0.05～P＜0.01）.高中分化、癌细胞仅浸润肌层和肿块最大径≤5 cm者的EMMPRIN,MMP1,MMP9表达阳性率明显低于低分化、癌细胞浸润浆膜层和肿块最大径＞5 cm者,其中EMMPRIN表达在直肠癌的浸润深度,MMP1表达在肿块大小,MMP9表达在分化程度上均有显著差异（P＜0.05）,但TIMP1则相反,且肿块大小上有显著差异（P＜0.05）,无淋巴结转移者EMMPRIN,MMP1,MMP9表达阳性率明显低于有转移者（均P＜0.05）,但TIMP1则相反（P＜0.05）.结论EMMPRIN,MMP1,MMP9,TIMP1表达可能是反映直肠癌临床病理特征、生物学行为及预后的重要标记物.     

组织因子途径抑制物2在肿瘤发生转移和侵袭中的作用

细胞外基质(extracellularmatrix,ECM)降解是肿瘤发生浸润转移过程中的关键一步,肿瘤细胞分泌的多种丝氨酸蛋白酶包括基质金属蛋白酶(matrixmetallopoteinases,MMPs)参与细胞外ECM降解。组织因子途径抑制物2(tissuefactorpathwayinhibitor-2,TFPI-2)是一种具有32000丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制物,可抑制包括纤溶酶、胰蛋白酶、MMPs在内的多种蛋白酶。越来越多的研究表明,TFPI-2通过降解MMPs等抑制肿瘤转移、降低肿瘤的侵袭转移能力。TFPI-2在抑制肿瘤细胞迁徙及浸润转移过程中发挥重要作用,可作为一种潜在的基因治疗靶点。     

Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in uterosacral ligaments is associated with pelvic organ prolapse

The uterosacral ligaments are an important part of the pelvic support system and connective tissue alterations are thought to contribute to the development of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The objective of this study was to compare the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1 and 2 in these ligaments in women with and without POP. We analyzed the tissue samples obtained from left and/or right uterosacral ligaments of 17 women with POP and 18 controls by immunohistochemistry. There was no difference in MMP-1 expression between women with POP and those without. In contrast, the MMP-2 expression was significantly related to the presence of POP (p=0.004) rather than to age or parity. There was no difference in MMP-1 and MMP-2 expression between left and right uterosacral ligaments in women with POP compared to controls. Our findings strongly indicate that increased MMP-2 expression in uterosacral ligaments is associated with POP.