急性百草枯中毒患者氧化损伤水平的观察

目的 探讨氧化损伤水平在急性百草枯中毒（APP）时的变化状况。方法采用硫代巴比妥酸法及黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定68例APP患者入院当时、中毒后24h、48h、72h及29例正常对照组血清丙二醛（MDA）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的含量。结果APP患者血清MDA显著增高（P〈0．01），且于中毒后24～48h升高最明显（P〈0．001），而SOD明显降低（P〈0．01）；死亡组血清MDA明显高于存活组，而血清SOD低于存活组，两组比较差异均具有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论OFR损伤是APP发病的重要因素之一，血清MDA、SOD水平可作为APP患者器官损害程度的评估、指导治疗与预后判断的临床指标之一。     

氯丙烯亚慢性中毒大鼠血清脂质过氧化的时效关系

目的研究氯丙烯(AC)亚慢性中毒大鼠血清脂质过氧化的改变是否存在时间效应关系,探讨其中毒性神经病发病机制。方法选用90只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组(n=50)和染毒组(n=40),染毒组大鼠以200 mg/kg剂量AC经口灌胃,每周3次,分别在染毒第3、6、9和12周随机从对照组和染毒组取大鼠10只,用生物化学方法测定染毒组与相应时间对照组大鼠血清中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、抗活性氧能力(anti-ROS)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)活力等指标。结果随染毒时间的延长和步态评分的增加,MDA呈进行性升高趋势;anti-ROS、GSH、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD、T-AOC呈下降趋势。MDA从染毒第3周和步态评分2分开始升高,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论AC亚慢性染毒可引起大鼠血清发生脂质过氧化,并且存在明显的时间效应关系,脂质过氧化可能是AC诱导的神经毒性的发病机制之一;MDA改变的最早、最为敏感,可为AC中毒的早期诊断提供了依据。     

Renal function in pediatric patients with β-thalassemia major

In patients with β-thalassemia major, the most important cause of mortality and morbidity is organ failure due to deposits of iron.. In this study, the nature of the kidney injury and possible pathogenetic factors were investigated. Seventy children with β-thalassemia major and 14 age and sex-matched healthy children were involved in the study. Blood and timed urine samples were obtained for hematological and biochemical tests. The mean values of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, serum sodium, urine osmolality, fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, and uric acid were not statistically different between the groups. Serum levels of potassium, phosphorus, and uric acid and the urine volume, high urinary protein to creatinine (U_P/Cr), urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase to creatinine (U_NAG/Cr), and urinary malondialdehyde to creatinine, (U_MDA/Cr) and the tubular phosphate reabsorption (TRP) values were statistically different between two groups (P<0.05). Increased serum levels of potassium, phosphorus, and uric acid in the patient group were attributed to the rapid erythrocyte turnover. The presence of high U_P/Cr, U_NAG/Cr and U_MDA/Cr ratios shows that in these patients with proximal renal tubular damage may be secondary to oxidative lipid peroxidation mediated by the iron overload. Received: 30 September 1999 / Revised: 19 May 2000 / Accepted: 22 May 2000     

Oxidized LDL metabolites with high family risk for premature cardiovascular disease

Objective: Considering the importance of primary prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) from childhood, especially in children with high family risk for premature atherosclerosis, and also the importance of oxidized LDL in the process of atherosclerosis, the main metabolites of ox-LDL i.e. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Conjugated diene (CDE) have been measured in children of high risk families and compared with a control group.Methods: Children and adolescents (6–18 years) of parents with premature myocardial infarction (Ml ≤ 55y in men and ≤ 65y in women), were selected as the case group. The control group included neighbors of the case group matched for age and socioeconomic status. All samples have been selected by simple random sampling. Both the case and control groups were divided in two subgroups : those with a total cholesterol and/or LDL-C ≥95th centile and those with normal lipid levels. Each subgroup consisted of 32 subjects, so 128 subjects were studied (64 in the case and 64 in the control group). MDA and CDE were measured by spectrophotometry using molar absorbivity. Data were analyzed by SPSS_v10/Win software using ANOVA, Bon-ferroni, Scheffe-Duncan, Tukey-HSD, and the Student’s t-test.Result: The mean MDA value in the case and control groups was significantly different (1.84 ± 0.43 vs. 1.67 ± 0.41 Μmol/L, p=0.03), but this difference was not significant regarding the mean CDE level (0.50 ± 0.05 vs. 0.47 ± 0.04 Μmol/ L, p>0.05). The mean MDA level in the case group with hyperlipidemia was significantly higher than that in the case group without hyperlipidemia (1.985 ± 0.516 vs. 1.690 ± 0.366, Μmol/L, P=0.02) and also higher than control group with or without hyperiipidemia (1.985 ± 0.516 vs. 1.720 ± 0.389,1.615 ± 0.429 Μmol/L respectivety, P<0.05). The mean CDE level in the case group with hyperiipidemia was significantly higher than the case group without hyperlipidemia (0.542 ± 0.034 vs. 0.494 ± 0.049 Μmol/L, P=0.04) and higher than the control group with or without hyperiipidemia (0.542 ± 0.034 vs. 0.464 ± 0.051, 0.484 ±0.048 Μmol/L respectively, p<0.05). In case boys with hyperiipidemia, the mean MDA (2.03 ± 0.2 Μmol/L) and the mean of CDE (0.56 ± 0.04 Μmol/L) was significantly higher than other subgroups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Considering the increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in children with high family risk for premature CVD, special attention should be paid to consumption of foods and seasoning containing antioxidants from childhood especially in high risk families.     

丁苯酞对氯化锂-匹鲁卡品诱发的癫痫大鼠海马神经元损伤的作用

目的〓〖HTK〗探讨丁苯酞对颞叶癫痫大鼠海马神经元的保护作用。 〖HTW〗方法〓〖HTK〗随机将30只雄性成年Wistar大鼠分为丁苯酞组、癫痫组和空白对照组。丁苯酞组和癫痫组先分别给予丁苯酞80mg/kg、等量生理盐水腹腔注射，再分别给予氯化锂、匹鲁卡品建立癫痫模型，在癫痫发作终止后3、24h时将动物处死，分别取出海马在光镜和电镜下观察，并检测超氧化物歧化酶活力及丙二醛含量。 〖HTW〗结果〓〖HTK〗丁苯酞组能明显延长癫痫发作的潜伏期，增加超氧化物歧化酶的活力（P＜0.01，P＜0.05），降低丙二醛的含量（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），细胞结构基本正常，但核仁有边聚、间隙肿胀，部分线粒体膜有断裂和嵴缺失现象。癫痫组细胞肿胀、破裂，神经元数目明显减少, 胞质中线粒体变形、肿胀, 线粒体嵴缺失。 〖HTW〗结论〓〖HTK〗丁苯酞能减轻颞叶癫痫对海马神经元造成的损伤，其作用机制可能与丁苯酞对神经元线粒体的保护有关。     

鼓室硬化和非鼓室硬化中耳炎抗氧化能力的差异性研究

目的 了解鼓室硬化和非鼓室硬化中耳炎患者在抗氧化物质超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalnse,CAT)活性及过氧化反应产物丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)浓度方面的差异,以进一步探讨鼓室硬化形成的机制.方法 回顾分析56例(56耳)中耳炎、中耳炎后遗症手术患者资料,分成两组:鼓室硬化组26耳,非鼓室硬化组30耳.测定所有患者血浆、红细胞中SOD、CAT活力及血浆、中耳组织中MDA浓度.结果 分析用秩和检验及相关分析.结果 两组血浆中MDA含量差异无统计学意义.鼓室硬化组中耳组织中MDA含量较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组红细胞中SOD和CAT活力差异无统计学意义.鼓室硬化组血浆中的SOD和CAT活力较非鼓室硬化组低.差异有统计学意义.鼓室硬化组术前的听力平均值与其各检测项目所测得的MDA、SOD、CAT值均不存在相关(P>0.05).结论 鼓室硬化患者可能存在局部氧自由基浓度增高和抗氧化物质活性降低的情况.局部氧自由基浓度增高,血液抗氧化物质无法进入中耳组织,可能是形成鼓室硬化的病理基础.     

鼻息肉组织和血清中SOD、MDA的测定及其意义

目的测定鼻息肉病人鼻息肉组织和血清中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)活性、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的变化并探讨其意义。方法通过生物化学方法分别测定30例鼻息肉病人鼻息肉组织和血清中SOD的活性与MDA含量,以20例鼻中隔偏曲病人的下鼻甲黏膜和血清作为对照组。结果①实验组SOD活性显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。②实验组MDA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论①鼻息肉病人清除自由基能力下降,脂质过氧化反应活跃。②提示自由基代谢紊乱为鼻息肉的发病机制之一。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者红细胞膜MDA与膜钠泵K~＋－pNPPase活性的关系

本文测定５５例ＮＩＤＤＭ患者血浆及红细胞膜ＭＤＡ水平和钠泵Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性。结果显示，ＮＩＤＤＭ患者血浆和红细胞膜ＭＤＡ水平明显高于正常对照组，钠泵Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性明显低于对照，在伴有视网膜病变者上述改变更为显著，红细胞膜ＭＤＡ升高和钠泵Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性降低呈明显负相关。提示红细胞膜ＭＤＡ升高可能是导致Ｋ＋－ｐＮＰＰａｓｅ活性降低的一重要因素。     

氯乙醇急性染毒对大鼠肝抗氧化酶与脂质过氧化物影响的研究

本文观察了一次性经腹腔注射氯乙醇（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇＢ．Ｗ．）的急性染毒大鼠３，６，１２，２４ｈ等四个不同时点肝脏的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶等抗氧化酶活力及脂质过氧化物—丙二醛含量的变化关系，结果发现氯乙醇急性染毒组肝脏中上述的抗氧化酶活性于所设四个时点中均比对照组低（Ｐ＜０．０１及０．０５），而同时丙二醛含量高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１及０．０５），提示氯乙醇急性染毒大鼠中肝脏抗氧化酶活性受氯乙醇毒性所抑制，出现肝脏脂质过氧化并造成肝损害。同时，本文也发现氯乙醇急性染毒大鼠血清中丙二醛含量与肝脏丙二醛含量存在着高度密切的正相关关系（Ｐ＜０．０１），且血清中丙二醛含量比谷丙转氨酶活性早升高，提示血清丙二醛可能可以作为检测氯乙醇急性肝损害较为敏感的指标     

腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剜除术对人体蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化影响的研究

目的探讨腹腔镜手术对子宫肌瘤患者体内蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化的影响。方法将40例子宫肌瘤患者随机分为腹腔镜组和开腹组两组,每组20例。测定两组患者腹腔镜手术前、手术结束时(气腹解除后5min)及术后24h血浆晚期氧化蛋白产物(AOPP)、丙二醛、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性和血浆总抗氧化能力(AOA)的水平,以及开腹手术术前、手术结束(缝合腹壁时)及术后24h的水平。结果(1)腹腔镜组手术结束时血浆AOPP、丙二醛水平高于术前[(69±13)μmol/Lvs(50±9)μmol/L,P<001;(252±055)μmol/Lvs(185±019)μmol/L,P<001],血浆GPx活性、AOA水平低于术前[(029±009)U/mlvs(062±027)U/ml,P<001;(090±024)mmol/Lvs(141±039)mmol/L,P<001];术后24h血浆AOPP、丙二醛、GPx与术前比较差异无统计学意义[(50±10)μmol/L,P>005;(205±068)μmol/L,P>005;(052±006)U/ml,P>005],但AOA水平仍低[(100±031)mmol/L,P<001]。(2)开腹组手术结束时血浆AOPP、丙二醛含量比术前略有升高[(53±100μmol/Lvs(52±70)μmol/L,P>005;(209±051)μmol/Lvs(183±064)μmol/L,P>005],GPx活性、AOA水平比术前略有下降[(051±017)U/mlvs(057±021)U/ml,P>005;(120±046)mmol/Lvs133±037,P>005];术后24h血浆AOPP、丙二醛与术前相比升高[