Effect of mosapride on gastrointestinal transit time and diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Since its introduction, capsule endoscopy (CE) has made it possible to visualize the small intestine mucosa directly. However, owing to the limited battery life, only 60-80% of the capsules could reach the cecum and would possibly affect the diagnostic yield. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oral mosapride on gastrointestinal transit time and the diagnostic yield of CE. METHOD: Sixty patients were involved in this randomized, prospective and controlled study. The patients were randomly allocated to groups receiving either mosapride citrate or nothing. Patients in the mosapride group (n = 30) received 10 mg mosapride citrate 1 h before CE examination, while patients in the control group (n = 30) received no preparation. The gastrointestinal transit time, the number of CE reaching the cecum, and the diagnostic yield of each group were assessed in a single-blinded fashion. RESULT: Gastric emptying time was significantly shorter in the mosapride group than in the control group (13.5 min vs 34 min P = 0.035). Compared with the control group, the complete transit rate was significantly higher in the mosapride group (93.3% vs 66.7% P = 0.021). There was no significant difference between the two groups on the small bowel transit time and diagnostic yield. CONCLUSION: Mosapride citrate accelerates the gastric emptying and completion rate of small bowel examination in patients undergoing CE.     

Safety and efficacy of the M2A patency capsule for diagnosis of critical intestinal patency: results of a prospective clinical trial

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The presence of a critical intestinal stricture is a contraindication for conventional capsule endoscopy for the risk of impaction. Prior assessment of intestinal patency can substantially minimize this risk. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the M2A patency capsule (PC) for verification of intestinal strictures. METHODS: The M2A PC consists of a biodegradable body surrounding a small radiofrequency identification (RFID) tag. This capsule was administered to patients with known or suspected intestinal strictures. Patency was verified if the capsule was excreted intact. The capsule disintegrated into small fragments and only the RFID tag was excreted if retained at the stricture beyond a stipulated time. The patency scanner was used to detect the RFID tag externally. The M2A video capsule (VC) was administered to patients who excreted the intact capsule. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients with known or suspected intestinal strictures were administered the M2A PC. This included 16 (61%) patients with tuberculosis, eight (31%) with Crohn's disease, and one each of postoperative and malignant strictures. Eight capsules were excreted intact within 72 h and two at 109 and 110 h. Fifteen capsules disintegrated in the G(I) tract and one capsule was removed during surgery. No PC-related complications were noted. Six of the eight patients who tested positive for patency were tested with the regular M2A VC with normal excretion. CONCLUSION: The M2A PC is a reliable indicator of functional patency in suspected or even known cases of intestinal stricture. It could be used prior to conventional capsule endoscopy to predict and minimize the risk of impaction.     

虎贞痛风胶囊对家兔急性关节炎的影响

目的： 观察虎贞痛风胶囊对尿酸钠微晶（MSU）诱导的家兔急性关节炎的影响,对该药的抗炎作用进行药效学评价并初步探讨其机制,为临床应用提供科学依据。方法：将日本大耳白兔随机分成正常对照组（control）、急性关节炎模型组（AA）、不同剂量虎贞痛风胶囊治疗组（0.70 g/kg、0.35g/kg、0.20 g/kg）和痛风舒胶囊治疗组（药物对照组）,各组家兔分别灌胃给予溶剂、不同剂量的虎贞痛风胶囊悬液或痛风舒胶囊悬液,每天1次,连续灌胃5 d,于末次给药后30 min,模型组和各治疗组家兔膝关节内注射MSU复制急性关节炎模型,6 h后收集关节液进行白细胞计数,并取关节滑膜组织进行病理学检查。结果：正常对照组关节液未见炎症细胞浸润,镜下观察滑膜细胞连续平整、结构层次清晰;模型组关节液白细胞计数显著高于对照组,病理学观察有急性炎症发生,表现为表面滑膜组织肿胀、坏死、结缔组织水肿、炎症细胞弥漫性浸润等;虎贞痛风胶囊和痛风舒胶囊治疗组关节液白细胞计数低于模型组（P<0.05）,病理学观察镜下滑膜细胞连续平整、结构清晰,仅见少量炎症细胞浸润,其中虎贞痛风胶囊高剂量效果最好。结论： 虎贞痛风胶囊的高中剂量（0.70 g/kg、0.35 g/kg）明显抑制MSU所致的家兔急性关节炎,具有良好的抗炎作用,其效果优于痛风舒胶囊。     

Type I Streptococcus pneumoniae carbohydrate utilizes a nitric oxide and MHC II-dependent pathway for antigen presentation

Some pathogenic bacteria form thick capsules that both block immune responses through inhibition of complement deposition and phagocytosis and stimulate a weak response resulting from a lack of T-cell involvement. Contrary to this model, capsular polysaccharides from 23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been successfully used in a multivalent vaccine in the absence of a carrier protein. Furthermore, type I pneumococcal polysaccharide (Sp1) has been shown to activate T cells in vivo and in vitro via an uncharacterized mechanism. In the present report, we demonstrate that Sp1 utilizes the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II pathway in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for processing and presentation. APCs internalize and process Sp1 through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism and, once inside the cell, it associates with MHC II proteins in an H-2M-dependent manner that leads to in vivo T-cell activation. These results establish that Sp1 activates T cells which can lead to abscess formation in mice through an H-2M-dependent polysaccharide antigen presentation pathway in APCs, potentially contributing to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine efficacy through the recruitment of T-cell help.     

平消胶囊对放射性肺炎的防治

目的:评价平消胶囊对放射性肺炎的防治效果。方法:同步放化疗的局限期小细胞肺癌74例,随机分为治疗组和对照组:治疗组40例,同步放化疗并口服平消胶囊;对照组34例,仅同步放化疗。放疗予6MVX线:40GY/20f后避脊髓加量至56-60GY/28f-30f。予EP方案同步:VP16 100mg d1-5,DDP40mg d1-3。结果:治疗组和对照组近期疗效无统计学意义,但治疗组在白细胞下降、血小板下降及恶心、呕吐方面与对照组相比有统计学差异。临床因素中肿瘤部位、吸烟及口服中药平消胶囊治疗与放射性肺炎发生率有关。治疗组放射性肺炎发生率低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:同步放化疗的局限期小细胞肺癌,平消胶囊可减轻早期放射性肺炎的炎症反应。     

透骨消痛胶囊治疗骨性关节炎的多向药理学研究

目的 研究透骨消痛胶囊治疗骨性关节炎的药理学机制.方法 利用生物网络的度分布、路中心、最近距离中心、特征路径长度、异质性等网络特征参数,对透骨消痛胶囊中分子配体-靶作用网络和药物库中药物分子配体-靶作用网络对照研究透骨消痛胶囊的药理学机制.结果 2个网络都属于无标度网络,存在一些"关键节点",2个网络的异质性和特征路径...     

复方银茶胶囊抗实验性兔动脉粥样硬化的作用及其机制

目的 探讨复方银茶胶囊(YC)对高脂诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化的影响及其可能的作用机制.方法 25只新西兰家兔,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、YC高、低剂量组及辛伐他汀组,采用高脂饮食法建立兔动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)模型,给药10周后处死,检测各组家兔血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低...     

HPLC测定肤痒胶囊中羟基红花黄色素A的含量

目的 建立测定肤痒胶囊中羟基红花黄色素A含量的HPLC法.方法用HPLC测定肤痒胶囊中羟基红花黄色素A的含量,采用Hypersil ODS色谱柱,以甲醇∶乙腈:0.7%磷酸溶液(20:2:78)为流动相,流速1.0 ml/min,检测波长403 nm,柱温30 ℃.结果 羟基红花黄色素A含量在1.38-13.8 μg范...     

腰痛宁胶囊治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效观察

目的：观察腰痛宁胶囊治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法：将180例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机均分为试验组和对照组。2组均给予基础治疗（包括卧床休息、综合理疗及药物治疗）,试验组在此基础上加服腰痛宁胶囊,每次3～4粒,qd。采用视觉模拟评分（vAs）法评价2组患者的疼痛程度和临床疗效,观察治疗中出现的不良反应。结果：治疗后,试验组VAS评分明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）;试验组总有效率为93．3％,对照组为76．7％,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。2组均未见明显不良反应。结论：腰痛宁胶囊配合综合理疗治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效显著,安全性较好。