针刺治疗失眠抑郁共病临床研究

目的:观察电项针、头针结合按症取穴针刺治疗对失眠抑郁共病患者的抑郁症状、睡眠质量及躯体症状的影响。方法:将符合诊断标准的失眠抑郁共病患者采用随机数字法分为针刺组与药物组各35例。针刺组采用电项针、头针结合按症取穴针刺疗法治疗;药物组采用盐酸帕罗西汀及艾司唑仑片治疗。观察比较2组治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分、躯体症状严重程度量表(PHQ-15)评分。结果:2组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组HAMD评分、PSQI评分及PQH-15评分均较治疗前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);2组HAMD评分治疗前后差值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组PSQI评分、PQH-15评分及各评分治疗前后差值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:电项针、头针结合按症取穴针刺疗法对失眠抑郁共病患者有较好的疗效,对伴有的躯体症状有改善作用。     

桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤合交泰丸加减辅治不寐临床观察

目的:观察桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤合交泰丸加减辅治心阳不足证之不寐的临床疗效。方法:90例随机分为对照组与治疗组,两组均给予常规西药治疗,治疗组加用桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤合交泰丸加减治疗,疗程2周。结果:治疗后对照组、治疗组PSQI评分与治疗前比较均下降(P<0.05),且治疗组下降幅度大于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组中医证候均好转(P<0.05),总有效率治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤合交泰丸加减辅治心阳不足证之不寐疗效较好。     

Sleep disturbance and insomnia in individuals seeking bariatric surgery

BackgroundSleep disturbance is well established in individuals with obesity, and the relationship between poor sleep and obesity is supported by population, longitudinal, experimental, and intervention studies. However, the prevalence and characteristics of poor sleep in individuals seeking bariatric surgery have thus far been poorly examined.ObjectivesWe sought to characterize self-reported sleep parameters in individuals seeking bariatric surgery and to compare these data with controls.SettingTwo Academic Medical Centers, United States, and an online survey of healthy controls.MethodIndividuals seeking bariatric surgery (n = 427) completed presurgical psychological evaluations at 2 comprehensive bariatric surgery programs. Data on medical co-morbidities and from self-report questionnaires on sleep quality, insomnia, anxiety, and depression were abstracted from charts. Data from controls (n = 180) were collected using an online survey tool and compared with bariatric cases.ResultsAcross study sites, 40.4% of bariatric cases took at least 30 minutes to fall asleep, 46.7% had insufficient total sleep time (<6.5 hr), 65.1% reported general poor sleep quality, and 30.8% reported clinically significant insomnia symptoms. Approximately 20% of the variance in poor sleep quality and insomnia was explained by body mass index, obstructive sleep apnea, anxiety, and depression. Cases and controls were similar, although bariatric cases reported significantly poorer sleep efficiency.ConclusionsOur results suggest that similar to a control population, the majority of patients seeking bariatric surgery are experiencing sleep difficulties. Presurgical assessment and treatment of sleep problems may be beneficial to patients and may help improve weight loss treatment outcomes. Optimally, assessment would include 1 of the 2 self-report questionnaires used herein, and treatment would involve Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia. Future research assessing sleep patterns with objective measurement tools and evaluating the impact of sleep on postsurgical outcomes is warranted.     

失眠患者的治疗体会

目的对失眠患者的治疗方法和临床治疗效果进行观察和分析。方法随机选择45例于2012年1月至2013年9月间在我院进行失眠治疗的患者资料进行研究和分析,将患者分为对照组和治疗组两组,对照组20例,治疗组25例,对照组患者进行地西泮治疗,对治疗组患者进行黛力新联合地西泮治疗,对两组患者的临床治疗效果进行对比和分析。结果治疗组17例患者痊愈,4例患者治疗显效,4例患者治疗有效,治疗总有效率为100%,对照组7例患者痊愈,3例患者治疗显效,5例患者治疗有效,5例患者治疗无效,治疗总有效率为75%,两组患者临床治疗效果差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对失眠患者采用黛力新联合地西泮治疗能够取得显著疗效。     

音乐疗法加SW脑反射治疗仪治疗脑卒中后失眠的疗效观察

目的对音乐疗法加SW脑反射治疗仪治疗脑卒中后失眠的疗效进行观察。方法选取从2007年2月至2009年2月收治的60例脑卒中患者,所有患者都采取CT检查或者是MRI检查进行确诊。随机的将所有患者分成对照组与治疗组,对照组患者进行药物的常规治疗,治疗组患者采取音乐疗法加SW脑反射治疗的方式,将两组患者的治疗效果进行对比。结果治疗以前,两组患者之间的PSQI没有明显的差异,P>0.05,其差异没有统计学意义,通过治疗,两组患者的PSQI都有所降低,P<0.05,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义。结论对于脑卒中后失眠的患者来说,采取音乐疗法结合SW反射治疗仪治疗,临床疗效较为理想,有临床应用价值。     

健康干预在心血管内科高龄失眠患者中的应用

目的探讨健康干预在心血管内科高龄失眠患者中的临床疗效。方法选取本院2009年1月～2012年1月心血管内科高龄失眠患者160例,将其随机分为干预组和对照组各80例,对照组进行常规治疗,干预组在常规治疗的基础上实施健康干预,观察比较两组患者治疗前后的失眠症状,分析影响睡眠质量的因素。结果影响睡眠质量的主要因素有环境因素、心理因素、疾病因素、药物因素等。两组治疗后睡眠症状均改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;干预组治疗后失眠发生率（53．75％）低于对照组（67．50％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对心血管内科高龄失眠患者进行有针对性的健康干预可以有效提高患者的睡眠质量,减少患者失眠现象的发生。     

Efficacy of individualized homeopathic treatment of insomnia: Double-blind,randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial

BackgroundInsomnia is the most common sleep-related complaint associated with impaired day-time functioning, reduced quality of life, increased morbidity and substantial societal cost. We evaluated whether individualized homeopathy (IH) could produce significant effect beyond placebo in treatment of insomnia.MethodsIn this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two parallel arms trial, 60 patients were randomized to receive either IH/verum or control/placebo (1:1). Patient-administered sleep diary (6 items; 1: latency to fall asleep, 2: minutes awake in middle of night, 3: minutes awake too early, 4: hours spent in bed, 5: total sleep time in hours, and 6: sleep efficiency) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were taken as the primary and secondary outcomes respectively, measured at baseline, and after 3 months.ResultsFive patients dropped out (verum: 2, control: 3). Intention to treat sample (n = 60) was analyzed. Trial arms were comparable at baseline. In the verum group, except sleep diary item 3 (P = 0.371), rest of the outcomes improved significantly (all P < 0.01). In the control group, there were significant improvements in diary item 6 and ISI score (P < 0.01) and just significant improvement in item 5 (P = 0.018). Group differences were significant for items 4, 5 and 6 (P < 0.01) and just significant (P = 0.014) for ISI score with moderate to large effect sizes; but non-significant (P > 0.01) for rest of the outcomes.ConclusionIH seemed to produce significantly better effect than placebo. Rigorous trials and independent replications are warranted.     

Insomnia symptoms and their correlates among the elderly in geriatric homes in Alexandria,Egypt

The prevalence of sleep complaints increases steadily with age. Studies investigating insomnia among elderly people living in geriatric homes, especially among Egyptians, are scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of insomnia symptoms among the elderly living in geriatric homes in Alexandria and their correlates. A cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of elderly population of geriatric homes in Alexandria was implemented. A total of 177 persons aged 60 years or older participated. Difficulty initiating sleep was reported by 65% of the participants. Approximately half of them had difficulty maintaining their sleep (50.8%) or had non-restful sleep (51.4%). Short sleep was reported by 43.5% of the participants, while early morning awakening was reported by 28.2%. Advanced age (≥75 years) was significantly associated with increased risk for early morning awakening, non-restful sleep and short sleep. Women had approximately a fourfold risk of non-restful sleep as opposed to men. Short stay in geriatric homes (<1 year) was associated with 2.5-fold increased risk of non-restful sleep. Unmarried status was strongly and positively related to difficulty to maintain sleep and non-restful sleep. Depressive status was significantly associated with an increased risk of difficulty to maintain sleep and decreased risk of early morning awakening. Conclusively, the present study showed that insomnia symptoms are highly prevalent among the elderly living in geriatric homes. It also revealed that although age, gender, and other socio-demographic factors are correlated with insomnia symptoms, other factors are highly important. Health care providers should take these factors in consideration when dealing with elderly patients who complain of insomnia.     

Associations of allostatic load with sleep apnea,insomnia, short sleep duration,and other sleep disturbances: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2008

PurposeTo examine whether allostatic load (AL), a measure of cumulative physiologic dysregulation across biological systems, was associated with sleep apnea, insomnia, and other sleep disturbances.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008 were used. AL was measured using nine biomarkers representing cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic system functioning. A total of 3330 US adults aged 18 years and older were included in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of high AL (AL score ≥3) was the highest among African Americans (26.3%), followed by Hispanic Americans (20.3%), whites (17.7%), and other racial/ethnic group (13.8%). After adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, high AL was significantly associated with sleep apnea (odds ratio [OR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40–2.63), snoring (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.79–2.69), snorting/stop breathing (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.46–3.21), prolonged sleep latency (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08–1.88), short sleep duration (<6 hours) (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.00–1.82), and diagnosed sleep disorder (OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.66–3.08). There was no clear evidence that observed associations varied by sociodemographic characteristics.ConclusionsThis study suggests significant associations of high AL with sleep apnea, sleep apnea symptoms, insomnia component, short sleep duration, and diagnosed sleep disorder among US adults.     

Chronic sleep loss during pregnancy as a determinant of stress: impact on pregnancy outcome

Short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and insomnia frequently characterize sleep in pregnancy during all three trimesters. We aimed: (i) to review the clinical evidence of the association between conditions of sleep loss during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes; and (ii) to discuss the potential pathophysiological mechanisms that may be involved. A systematic search of cross-sectional, longitudinal studies using Medline, Embase, and PsychINFO, and MeSH headings and key words for conditions of sleep loss such as ‘insomnia’, ‘poor sleep quality’, ‘short sleep duration’, and ‘pregnancy outcome’ was made for papers published between January 1, 1960 and July 2013. Twenty studies met inclusion criteria for sleep loss and pregnancy outcome: seven studies on prenatal depression, three on gestational diabetes, three on hypertension, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, six on length of labor/type of delivery, eight on preterm birth, and three on birth grow/birth weight. Two main results emerged: (i) conditions of chronic sleep loss are related to adverse pregnancy outcomes; and (ii) chronic sleep loss yields a stress-related hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and abnormal immune/inflammatory, reaction, which, in turn, influences pregnancy outcome negatively. Chronic sleep loss frequently characterizes sleep throughout the course of pregnancy and may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Common pathophysiological mechanisms emerged as being related to stress system activation. We propose that in accordance to the allostatic load hypothesis, chronic sleep loss during pregnancy may also be regarded as both a result of stress and a physiological stressor per se, leading to stress ‘overload’. It may account for adverse pregnancy outcomes and somatic and mental disorders in pregnancy.