Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging after first-line coronary computed tomography angiography: A multi-center cohort study

PurposeFurther diagnostic testing may be required after a coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) showing suspected coronary stenosis. Whether myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) provides further prognostic information post-CTA remains debated. We evaluated the prognosis for patients completing CTA stratified for post-CTA diagnostic work-up using real-world data.MethodsWe identified all patients in our uptake area with angina symptoms undergoing first-time CTA over a 10-year period. Follow-up time was a median of 3.7 years [1.9–5.8]. The primary endpoint was a composite of myocardial infarction or death. The secondary endpoint was late revascularization.ResultsDuring the study period 53,351 patients underwent CTA. Of these, 24% were referred for further down-stream testing, 3,547 (7%) to MPI and 9,135 (17%) to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). The primary and secondary endpoints occurred in 2,026 (3.8%) and 954 (1.8%) patients. Patient-characteristic-adjusted hazard ratios for the primary and secondary endpoint using patients with a normal CTA as reference were 1.37 (1.21–1.55) and 2.50 (1.93–3.23) for patient treated medically, 1.68 (1.39–2.03) and 6.13 (4.58–8.21) for patients referred to MPI and 1.94 (1.69–2.23) and 9.18 (7.16–11.78) for patients referred for ICA, respectively. Adjusted analysis with stratification for disease severity at CTA showed similar hazard ratios for patients treated medically after CTA and patients referred for MPI and treated medically after the MPI.ConclusionIn patients completing coronary CTA, second-line MPI testing seems to identify patients at low risk of future events. MPI seems to have the potential to act as gatekeeper for ICA after coronary CTA.     

复合手术治疗硬脊膜外动静脉瘘合并硬脊膜动静脉瘘1例 并文献复习

目的 总结硬脊膜外动静脉瘘（SEDAVF）合并硬脊膜动静脉瘘（SDAVF）的复合手术治疗经验。方法 回顾性分析复合手术治疗的1例SEDAVF合并SDAVF的临床资料，并结合文献分析。结果 首先经动脉途径进行ONYX胶栓塞，因胶弥散效果不佳，仅封堵供血动脉，瘘口及引流静脉仍可显影；然后，开放性手术烧灼硬脊膜外扩张迀曲的静脉丛血管，但未剪开硬脊膜探查，术后7 d因并存SDAVF加重血流动力学改变并引起症状加重，再次行介入栓塞时处理SDAVF。术后6个月随访双下肢肌力恢复至4级，大小便功能正常。结论 SEDAVF处理的关键在于闭塞瘘口及近端引流静脉，对于合并的SDAVF，可选择介入治疗。单纯SEDAVF，可选择开放性手术灼闭硬脊膜外扩张迂曲的静脉湖；SEDAVF合并SDAVF，可先行介入栓塞瘘口，解除脊髓静脉高压综合征及硬脊膜外静脉湖压迫症状；如仍末治愈，可行开放手术灼闭硬脊膜外扩张迀曲的静脉湖，解除对脊髓的压迫。     

Safety and immediate effects of Hybrid Assistive Limb in children with cerebral palsy: A pilot study

PurposeEarly intervention is effective for developing motor ability and preventing contractures and deformities in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Gait training using the newly developed Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) shows promise as an intervention to prevent deterioration in walking ability and deformities in pediatric CP patients. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the safety and immediate effects on walking ability after gait training using the HAL in pediatric CP patients.MethodsNineteen patients (six females, 13 males; mean age 8.5 years; mean height 120.5 cm; mean weight 23.2 kg) were enrolled. The Gross Motor Functional Classification Scale level was I in two patients, II in two, III in eight, and IV in seven. The HAL was used for a single session of gait training. The primary outcome was safety of the HAL for use in pediatric CP patients. The secondary outcome was the immediate effect after gait training with HAL, evaluated by passive range of motion (ROM) and gait parameters, including gait speed (m/s), step length (cm), and cadence (step/min).ResultsAll 19 patients were able to carry out the gait training without any severe adverse events. Significant improvements were observed for mean internal/external rotation and abduction angles of the hip joint, and ankle dorsiflexion angles (n = 19). Significant improvements were observed for mean gait speed and step length based on expansion of the hip flexion-extension range (n = 11).ConclusionGait training using the HAL is safe and can produce immediate improvements in ROM and walking ability in pediatric patients with CP.     

杂交技术对难复性腹股沟疝治疗效果的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的对比杂交技术与单纯腹腔镜技术在难复性腹股沟疝修补术中的应用价值。 方法将2015年1月至2017年12月廊坊市第四人民医院收治的单侧难复性腹股沟疝患者共60例纳入本研究，采用随机法分为2组。其中试验组患者30例，采用杂交技术；对照组患者30例，采用腹腔镜技术。对比2组患者手术时间、气腹持续时间、术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用、术后并发症等指标。 结果对照组1例患者因腹腔镜下难以分离还纳，后转为开放手术，淘汰出组，其余患者均顺利完成手术。试验组单侧难复性腹股沟疝患者住院时间、住院费用、术后发热情况、异物感发生情况分别为（5.00±0.85）d、（10 901.8±830.22）元、5例（16.7%）、2例（6.7%），与对照组（5.00±0.82）d、（11 116.45±813.73）元、6例（20.7%）、2例（6.9%）比较，差异无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。试验组单侧难复性腹股沟疝患者手术时间、气腹持续时间、术中出血量、血清肿发生情况分别为（57.00±5.81）min、（36.30±4.90）min、（21.00±3.80）ml、1例（3.3%），与对照组（72.90±3.66）min、（65±4.43）min、（56.7±8.69）ml、7例（24.1%）比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=－6.544、－6.698、－6.678、χ²=5.450，P均<0.05）。 结论相对于腹腔镜技术，杂交技术治疗难复性腹股沟疝可减少手术时间、气腹持续时间和术中出血量，降低术后血清肿的发生，不会增加术后疝复发等并发症的风险和住院费用，具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Transcatheter ductus arteriosus stenting in paediatric cardiology: Indications,results and perspectives

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Evolving hybrid approaches: the preservation of the ‘neglected’ pulmonary valve function in patients with congenital heart disease

The involvement of the hemodynamic expertise in the operating room led to the development of new strategies aimed to improve both early and long-term outcome of patients with congenital heart disease. During the last decade, with the aim of preserving the pulmonary valve function, we embarked on a new surgical approach, which combines surgical and interventional techniques, which are performed in the operating room. We believe that the preservation of the pulmonary valve function can be extended to any patients with classic tetralogy of Fallot and other selected patients with congenital pulmonary valve hypoplasia and dysfunction.     

Hybrid Assistive Limb® for sporadic inclusion body myositis: A case series

We evaluated the efficacy of rehabilitation therapy with Hybrid Assistive Limb® (HAL; hereafter HAL therapy) in three patients diagnosed with sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) who were hospitalized to undergo HAL therapy. Among them, one patient participated in eight courses and the other two in two courses of HAL therapy between 2017 and 2020. We determined the mean rate of improvement in two-minute walking distance and 6 m walking speed at the time of hospital discharge. After HAL therapy, we confirmed the patients’ desire to continue the use of HAL. In one patient, we observed improvements of 146.0% and 120.0% in two-minute walk and 6 m walking speed, respectively, after the first course of HAL therapy; these values are 133.7% and 130% after the eighth course of HAL therapy. These values exceeded 90% in the other two patients after the second course of HAL therapy. HAL therapy maintained both quantity and quality of ambulation and showed positive psychological effects on patient conditions because it reduces exercise load and facilitates safety. While HAL therapy might be effective in maintaining and improving ambulation in patients with sIBM, we should consider to discontinue HAL therapy as it increased risk of falling.