妊高征患者血中内皮素与β-绒毛膜促性腺激素水平及其相互关系

目的 检测妊高征患者血清内皮素（ＥＴ）与β－绒毛膜促性腺激素（β－ｈＣＧ）水平及其相关关系,以探讨ＥＴ与β－ｈＣＧ在妊高征发病中的作用,方法 用放射免疫法对３２例妊高征患者（妊高征组）,１７例正常晚期单胎妊娠妇女（正常晚期妊娠组）以及１４例育龄期正常未妇女（正常未孕组）血中ＥＴ和β－ｈＣＧ水平进行检测。结果 妊高征组血ＥＴ和β－ｈＣＧ水平（３０．３５±１４．５２ｎｇ／Ｌ和７．３５±４．８６ｍｍｏｌ     

促排卵在人工授精治疗不孕症中的应用

目的　比较不同的促排卵方法联合宫腔内人工授精 (IUI)治疗不孕症的疗效。方法　以 2 0 0 1年 7月～ 2 0 0 2年6月间在我院不孕专科就诊的 195对夫妇作为观察对象 ,分为 3组 :CC/HCG组 ,共 10 3例 ,379个周期 ;CC/FSH/HCG组共 5 8例 ,16 4个周期 ;自然周期对照组 ,共 34例 ,5 5个周期。结果　自然周期对照组的周期妊娠率为 7 3% ,病例妊娠率为 11 8%。CC/HCG组的周期妊娠率为 12 0 % ,与对照组相比没有显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,与CC/FSH/HCG组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;病例妊娠率为 34 6 % ,与对照组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ,与CC/FSH/HCG组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。CC/FSH/HCG组周期妊娠率为 2 2 6 % ,与对照组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;病例妊娠率为 6 0 3% ,与对照组相比也有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。结论　采用CC/HCG或CC/FSH/HCG促排卵可提高IUI治疗不孕症的妊娠率。     

葆春丸对男性老年人性功能及血清性激素和促性腺激素的调节作用

目的：观察葆春丸对男性老年人性功能及血清性激素和促性腺激素的调节作用。方法：男性老年人36例，随机分为2组，治疗组20例予葆春丸，对照组16例予安慰剂，疗程均3个月，观察2组性功能指标、血清睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）、促卵泡激素（FSH）及促黄体激素（LH）。结果：治疗组性功能积分治疗前后比较有显著性差异（P＜0．05），对照组治疗前后积分值变化无显著性差异（P＞0．05），组间比较有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。治疗组治疗后与治疗前比较，T值升高（P＜0．001）、E2值下降（P＜0．01），对照组T值、E2值治疗前后变化无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。治疗后，组间比较T值及E2值均有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。FSH、LH值治疗前后变化组间比较无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：葆春丸有促进男性老年人性功能作用，对性腺激素有明显的改善调节作用，而对促性腺激素无明显调节作用。     

妊娠高血压综合征孕妇血清与胎盘绒毛膜促性腺激素的检测

观察正常妊娠及妊娠高血压综合征（简称妊高征）时，β绒毛膜促性腺激素（ＨＣＧβ）在母血中的浓度及与胎盘组织分泌的ＨＣＧ变化的关系。方法用放射免疫法测定了４３例妊高征孕妇及１５０名正常孕妇（均为孕晚期）血清ＨＣＧβ，并用免疫组织化学方法对其相应的胎盘组织中的ＨＣＧ进行了定位及半定量研究。结果在妊娠晚期，ＨＣＧ主要定位于合体细胞，中间滋养细胞可见少量。血清及胎盘绒毛中该激素含量及相关关系分析表明，母体血清与胎盘绒毛合体细胞ＨＣＧ含量呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。另外妊高征患者血清ＨＣＧβ及胎盘绒毛ＨＣＧ含量，均明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论妊娠晚期母血中ＨＣＧ主要由胎盘合体细胞产生。ＨＣＧ可能作为母体对胎儿、胎盘抗原的异常免疫反应的重要介质，在妊高征的发病中起一定作用。     

Biliopancreatic diversion: long-term effects on gonadal function in severely obese men

BACKGROUND: This study investigated hormonal parameters of gonadal function in severely obese men before and 1 year after undergoing biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). METHODS: This observational 1-year postoperative study conducted at medical and surgical clinics at an academic medical center in Italy followed 20 severely obese men age 21 to 63 years, with a mean (+/- standard deviation) body mass index (BMI) of 47.3 +/- 13.1. The following parameters were evaluated: body composition, using body impedance analysis (BIA), and serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone, estradiol 17beta, and leptin. RESULTS: At a mean 12 +/- 1 months after surgery, the patients showed a significant decrease in weight, from 132.1 +/- 36.9 before surgery to 93.5 +/- 20 kg (P < .0001), and BMI, from 47.3 +/- 13.1 before surgery to 33.5 +/- 7 (P < .0001). LH increased from 2.42 +/- 1.59 to 4.97 +/- 2.6 mIU/ml (P < .0001), FSH increased from 2.85 +/- 1.85 to 4.9 +/- 4.2 mIU/mL (P = .021), and total testosterone increased from subnormal presurgical values to within normal range (2.81 +/- 1.08 to 9.12 +/- 1.37 ng/mL; P < .0001), whereas estradiol 17beta decreased from elevated basal levels of 44.0 +/- 29 to 16.7 +/- 6.9 pg/mL (P < .0001). The basal leptin level dropped from 33.0 +/- 9.23 to 16.6 +/- 5.12 ng/mL (P < .0001), reflecting the decrease in body fat. Subjective improvement in sexual performance was reported by 80% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Severe obesity is coupled with some significant alterations of the gonadotropin-testicular axis and estradiol 17beta and leptin blood levels. These derangements were substantially corrected by 1 year after BPD.     

Use of a prediction model for high-order multiple implantation after ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins

OBJECTIVE: To determine prospectively the effectiveness in clinical practice of a prediction model for high-order multiple pregnancies (HOMP) (triplets or more). DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University teaching hospital. PATIENT(S): Eight hundred forty-nine consecutive infertile patients undergoing a total of 1,542 treatment cycles. INTERVENTION(S): Gonadotropin ovarian stimulation or induction of ovulation without IVF MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Observed and predicted overall pregnancy rates and the incidence of HOMP. RESULT(S): The use of the prediction model (implying cancellation of all cycles at high risk for HOMP) would result in an 8% (95% confidence interval, 6.8%-9.2%) reduction of overall pregnancy rate but also in a 285% (95% CI, 279%-291%) reduction of HOMP. CONCLUSION(S): By using our prediction model, it was possible to maintain a low risk of HOMP with a good pregnancy rate in patients receiving gonadotropin ovarian stimulation or induction of ovulation without IVF.     

Identifying protein interactors in gonadotropin action

Systems biology integrates a variety of diverse approaches to the study of the cellular pathways comprised of protein networks. Following an initial ligand-receptor binding event, transduction of the signal is modified in a variety of ways via downstream protein interactions. Protein interactions can occur between two proteins or, alternatively, an interaction between two proteins can be facilitated by an adapter protein. Protein interactions can affect the spatial and temporal distribution of ligand-receptor complexes in cells, attenuating or prolonging signaling. With regard to gonadotropin receptors, protein interactions have been primarily studied in terms of desensitization and termination of signal transduction, or for their role in trafficking. The purpose of this review is to describe protein interactions that mediate gonadotropin receptor functions and to highlight some emerging interactions, as well as some of the caveats inherent in the attempt to uncover these pathways.     

47,XXY Klinefelter's Syndrome with Low FSH and LH Levels and Absence of Leydig Cells

Examination of testicular biopsy from a patient with 47,XXY Klinefelter's syndrome revealed a diffuse hyalinization of seminiferous tubules as well as absence of mature Leydig cells. Ultrastructural findings showed some immature Leydig cells in the testicular interstitium. Hormone assays revealed low serum FSH and LH levels. The association of both, hormone assays and testicular morphologic pattern, suggests the presence of a Klinefelter's syndrome with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
47, XXY Klinefelter Syndrom mit herangesetzten FSH- und LH-Werten sowie Fehlen von Leydigzellen

Zusammenfassung

Anhand einer eigenen Beobachtung von Klinefelter Syndrom (47,XXY) wird auf einige Besonderheiten dieses Syndroms aufmerksam gemacht. Die Hodenhistologie zeigt eine diffuse Hyalinisierung der Tubuli seminiferi sowie keine reifen Leydigzellen. In der elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchung des Hodengewebes werden einige unreife Leydigzellen im Interstitium nachgewiesen. Bei den Hormonanalysen zeigt sich je ein herabgesetzter Wert für FSH und LH. Dementsprechend wird für die mitgeteilte Beobachtung die Klassifizierung eines Klinefelter Syndroms mit hypogonadotropem Hypogonadismus gewählt.     

A Study of the Cross-Reaction between Human Chorionic and Pituitary Luteinizing Hormones (HCG and HLH)

Abstract The cross-reaction between HCG and HLH was studied by radioimmunological techniques using 43 anti-HCG sera. With some of them the cross-reaction between HCG and HLH was complete as shown by the similar inhibition of binding of labelled HCG and HLH to antibody obtained with both hormones. A few antisera failed to react identically with labelled HCG in the presence of unlabelled HLH and HCG, but with labelled HLH identical inhibition slopes were yielded by unlabelled HLH and HCG. Moreover, with one antisera labeled HLH bound poorly to antibody and unlabelled HLH produced only a slight decrease in the percentage of labelled HCG bound to antibody. These experiments indicate that the cross-reaction between HCG and HLH is incomplete and that there are immonologically active sites which are specific for HCG and which are not possessed by HLH.     

两种类型的特发性低促性腺激素性腺功能减退症

两例男性IHH患者性幼稚的程度不同,例1睾丸容积10ml,例2为2ml。12hLH脉冲分析表明,前者夜间入睡后出现分泌脉冲,和正常人相似,但是白天无分泌脉冲;后者白天和夜间都没有分泌脉冲。这一结果表明,睾丸大小的差别代表着两种不同类型的IHH。