甘草种子萌发初期的酯酶与蛋白质研究

用电泳和分光光度法对甘草种子萌发初期的酯酶和可溶性蛋白质进行了研究。结果表明，萌发后48h左右，酯酶同工酶和可溶性蛋白质的电泳谱带数量较多，颜色较深，且可溶性蛋白质的含量较高。这说明48h前后是甘草种子萌发的代谢关键时期。     

31批复方甘草口服溶液的质量考察

目的:考察31批不同厂家复方甘草口服溶液的内在质量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定复方甘草口服溶液中吗啡和愈创甘油醚的含量,并检测溶液的pH值。结果:31批复方甘草口服溶液中有13批的吗啡含量不合格,1批愈创甘油醚含量不合格,1批pH值不合格。结论:有关厂家应严格按照《中国药典》相关规定控制产品的内在质量,以保证临床用药安全、有效。     

甘草种子及其混淆品的醋酸纤维薄膜电泳鉴定

目的：鉴别甘草（Gycyrrhiza wralense Fisch野生）种子和它的2种混淆品蒙古黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus（Fisch）Bge·var．monghotlicus（Bge．）Hsiao家种）种子及苦豆子（Sophora lohpecuroide L．野生）种子。方法：采用醋酸纤维素薄膜蛋白电泳技术进行分析。结果：3种种子蛋白质电泳图谱具有明显差异。结论：电泳图谱法可以用于甘草种子及其混淆品的鉴定。     

甘草中黄酮的纯化方法和含量测定

目的:研究聚酰胺富集甘草中黄酮的工艺参数,同时建立其含量测定方法。方法:以二氢黄酮类化合物在碱性条件下转化为查尔酮类的量作为指标,以柚皮苷为对照品,经聚酰胺吸附柱富集后,采用碱性比色法显色、测定。结果:纯化工艺条件为甘草聚酰胺比2∶1(g/g),树脂径高比1∶7,用5倍量柱体积70乙醇洗脱,甘草黄酮洗脱率在90左右;含量测定平均加样回收率为98.81(RSD=2.00)。总固物中黄酮含量可达45。结论:本法富集、纯化甘草总黄酮可行;甘草黄酮含量测定方法稳定,可靠。     

超声波提取甘草黄酮及其抑菌活性研究

目的研究甘草中的黄酮提取方法和抗菌活性。方法利用超声波技术通过正交试验提取甘草中的黄酮,杯碟法对其进行抗菌活性的研究。结果超声波最佳的提取条件为功率385W,80%乙醇,料液比为1∶15,提取时间为8 min,黄酮提取率为6.23%。该提取液对金色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、黑曲霉、青霉都有明显的抑菌效果,最低抑菌浓度分别为:0.062 5,0.062 5,0.031 3,0.15,0.25 mg/ml;最小杀菌浓度为0.25,0.125,0.031 3,0.5,0.25 mg/ml。结论超声波技术是提取甘草黄酮的高效方法,甘草具有较强的抗菌活性。     

刺果甘草化学成分的研究

 目的：分离鉴定刺果甘草的化学成分。方法：乙醇提取,硅胶柱层析分离,IR,NMR和MS方法确定结构。结果：分得5个化合物经鉴定为后莫紫檀素,β-谷甾醇,4',7-二甲氧基异黄酮,美迪紫檀素和异光甘草酚。结论：4',7-二甲氧基异黄酮为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

一个新的二氢黄酮甙

以抑菌试验指导植物有效成分的提取分离,从木豆叶提取物的乙酸乙酯部分分离和鉴定了６个化合物,牡荆甙（ｖｉｔｅｘｉｎ,１）,异牡荆甙（ｉｓｏｖｉｔｅｘｉｎ,２）,芹菜素（ａｐｉｇｅｎｉｎ,３）,木犀草素（ｌｕｔｅｏｌｉｎ４）,柚皮素４′,７二甲醚（ｎａｒｉｎｇｅｎｉｎｅ４′,７ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌｅｔｈｅｒ,５）和β谷甾醇（βｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,６）。化合物２,３和４为首次从木豆中分得。抑菌试验结果显示,乙酸乙酯提取物具较好的生理活性。     

Effect of licorice extract on the complications of diabetes nephropathy in rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective action of licorice in diabetic nephropathy in male rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by using streptozotocin (60?mg/kg body weight). Daily oral ingestion (1?g/kg body weight) of licorice extract for 60 days after the onset of diabetes reversed the adverse effect of diabetes on rats. Licorice extract alleviated blood glucose levels, restored renal function, and attenuated body-weight loss. In addition, licorice extract modulated the adverse effect of diabetes on renal malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity. Further, licorice extract restored the total antioxidant capacity of diabetic rat kidneys. The biochemical analyses were reinforced by histologic investigations, where focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, tubular damage, and hyperemic kidney were the histologic changes seen in diabetic, but not in treated, rats. In conclusion, the biochemical analysis and the histologic investigations of diabetic rat kidneys treated with licorice extract revealed that licorice may have a potential therapeutic effect for diabetes due to its antioxidant and -hyperglycemic properties.     

Review of pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhiza sp. and its bioactive compounds

The roots and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza) species have long been used worldwide as a herbal medicine and natural sweetener. Licorice root is a traditional medicine used mainly for the treatment of peptic ulcer, hepatitis C, and pulmonary and skin diseases, although clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has several other useful pharmacological properties such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidative, anticancer activities, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effects. A large number of components have been isolated from licorice, including triterpene saponins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids and chalcones, with glycyrrhizic acid normally being considered to be the main biologically active component. This review summarizes the phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetics data, together with the clinical and adverse effects of licorice and its bioactive components.     

卫星搭载甘草遗传变异的 ISSR 分析

 目的 探讨 太空环境对甘草的诱变作用。 方法 利用返回式卫星搭载甘草， 18 d 后返回地球（飞行回收舱平均辐射剂量为 0.102 mGy·d^-1 ，飞行远地点距地球 350 km ，重力为 10^-6 N ），搭载种子返回地面后与对照组同时播于实验田中 , 取生长 3 年的甘草叶子用作 ISSR 分析，应用简单序列重复 (ISSR) 分子标记技术分析甘草基因组的变异情况。 结果 最终 10 条能产生清晰重复多态性条带的 ISSR 引物用于检测鄂托克前旗样品的基因组多态性， 9 条能产生清晰重复的多态性条带的 ISSR 引物用于检测杭锦旗样品的基因组多态性。 太空飞行组与地面对照组的相似系数分别为 0.886 8 和 0.872 3 ，遗传距离分别为 0.120 1 和 0.136 6 ， 基因组的多态性频率为 20.3% 和 20.7% ，多态性片段大小在 200 ～ 1 900 bp 之间。 结论 太空环境对甘草基因组产生了一定的诱变作用，这些变化表明空间育种是一种新型有效的育种方法并且对保护濒危甘草资源做出贡献。