103例角膜溃疡的病因和病原及药物敏感试验的统计分析

对１９９５年１—１２月间我院门诊１０３例角膜溃疡的病因、病原和药物敏感试验进行统计分析。病因：外伤５９例（５７．２８％），继发感染３４例（３３．０１％），原因不明８例（７．７７％），戴接触镜２例（１．９４％）。病原：真菌３５例（３３．９８％），绿脓杆菌１８例（１７．４８％），金黄色葡萄球菌１５例（１４．５６％），表皮葡萄球菌９例（８．７４％），淋球菌２例（１．９４％）。对１９例真菌性角膜溃疡同时进行细菌培养，有７例为混合感染，占３６．８４％。对几种主要检出菌的药物敏感试验表明：它们对普通抗菌素均可产生一定的耐药性     

致心律失常性右室发育不良室性心动过速的电生理检查和外科治疗（附一例报告）

报告药物治疗无效、射频导管消融失败的致心律失常性右室发育不良（ＡＲＶＤ）顽固性室性心动过速（简称室速）１例患者，在电生理导引下行右室前游离壁隔离术治疗成功。术后随访７个月无室速发作，左室收缩功能正常。提示部分右室隔离术对有生命危险和药物治疗无效及射频导管消融失败的ＡＲＶＤ室速患者是安全、有效的     

猕猴桃汁抗环磷酰胺致突变作用的机理

目的用大鼠外周血双核淋巴细胞微核测试法（ＣＢＭＮＴ），在哺乳动物整体水平，研究猕猴桃汁抗环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）的致突变作用以及生物转化Ⅱ相酶的作用。方法测定大鼠外周血双核淋巴细胞微核细胞率及肝组织中总谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（ＧＳＴ）、尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶（ＵＤＰＧＴ）、谷氨酰胺转肽酶（γＧＴ）活性。结果猕猴桃汁对ＣＰ诱发的大鼠外周血双核淋巴细胞微核细胞率有显著抑制作用，能明显诱导大鼠肝脏总ＧＳＴ、ＵＤＧＴＰ活性，但对γＧＴ活性无显著影响。大鼠外周血双核淋巴细胞微核细胞率与总ＧＳＴ、ＵＤＧＴＰ活性呈明显负相关。结论猕猴桃汁抗ＣＰ致微核形成作用的机理可能是通过诱导机体外来化合物代谢解毒酶系，加速ＣＰ的代谢灭活     

Modulation of ryanodine-induced contractures in human skeletal muscle pretreated with dantrolene

Dantrolene seems to be the causal therapy in malignant hyperthermia (MH) crisis but the complex mechanisms of MH and dantrolene therapy are still not fully understood. The influence of dantrolene on ryanodine-induced contractures has been reported in animal studies only. In the present study 20 patients from] 7 families were tested for MH using the protocol of the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group. In addition ryanodine-induced contractures were evaluated following bolus application of 10.0 μmol · 1^-1 ryanodine. After pretreatment with 1 μimol · 1^-1 dantrolene ryanodine-provoked contractures developed significantly later in MHS (15.8±1.8 min) and MHN (46.0±4.2 min) muscle specimens than after ryanodine alone (MHS 4.8±0.7 min), (MHN 13.7±0.9 min). They were no longer observed in either group after pretreatment with 5 μimol · 1^-1 dantrolene. We conclude that dantrolene is able to attenuate ryanodine-induced contractures dose-dependendy, and therefore it is speculated that dantrolene could specifically act at the ryanodine receptor binding site.     

PPD为丝裂源作淋巴细胞转化试验对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值

以结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)为丝裂源作淋巴细胞转化试验,检测结核性(17例)和非结核性(14例)胸膜炎患者的外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)和胸腔积液淋巴细胞(PEL)对PPD 的反应性。结果显示:结核性胸膜炎患者无论PPD 皮试是阳性还是阴性,其PEL 的PPD 刺激指数(PPD-SI)都显著高于PBL(P 分别<0.001与<0.01);结核性PEL 的PPD-SI 显著高于非结核性PEL(P<0.001)。提示PPD 胸腔积液淋巴细胞转化试验可作为诊断结核性胸膜炎的有效方法。     

Stimulatory and inhibitory epitopes in the T cell responses of mice to Der p 1

BACKGROUND: The responses of mice to the mite allergen Der p 1 have been used to study the mechanisms of allergic sensitization and the development of new types of immunotherapy. Many of the studies require a knowledge of the T cell epitopes, and because Der p 1 is polymorphic, the effect of natural amino acid substitution in the allergen. The intranasal administration of peptides containing T cell epitopes can induce a mucosal tolerance but it is not known if the major activity is limited to stimulatory peptides and if, as found for autoimmunity, some epitopes are not inhibitory. OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the sequences of Der p 1 which contain stimulatory epitopes for the high responding H-2(b) and H-2(q) mice and the sequences which induce tolerance by intranasal administration of peptides. METHODS: T cell responses of mice immunized with Der p 1 were measured by in vitro T cell stimulation assays so an extensive study of epitope recognition and intranasal tolerance could be made. Synthetic peptides were used to examine the stimulatory and inhibitory ability of all Der p 1 sequences and to map the major H-2(b) epitope in detail. This included the effect of the common polymorphic amino acid 124 substitution found within this epitope. RESULTS: Three and two regions, respectively, were found to contain stimulatory T cell epitopes for H-2(b) and H-2(q) mice. The peptides in these regions were also the most active at inducing intranasal tolerance for the responding haplotype. The correspondence between inhibitory and stimulatory peptides was maintained for the fine mapping of the major H-2(b) epitope. This was found about a core region of 118-126 which was overlapping but separate to a consensus sequence for the binding of endogeneous peptides. Peptides with alanine at the naturally polymorphic residue 124 stimulated and inhibited responses to Der p 1 more effectively, while peptides with the valine 124 variant were immunogenic but poorly cross-reactive. CONCLUSIONS: The intranasal administration of peptides representing each of five epitopes recognized by two strains of mice were able to induce mucosal tolerance and the major tolerizing activity was limited to these epitopes. The position of the core major epitope for C57 mice, which differs from a previously predicted epitope, and its specificity for the natural alanine 124 variant is described.     

人血清胰岛素抗体、猪胰岛素原抗体和胰多肽抗体的放射免疫检测法

作者用自制的[~(125)I]标记激素,参考国外经验,建立了人血清胰岛素抗体、猪胰岛素原抗体和胰多肽抗体等三种放射免疫检测法,并对方法的主要实验条件进行了优选,对方法的质量控制参数作了验证。结果发现:在使用国产胰岛素的糖尿病人血清中,三种抗体的检出率分别为90.8％、48.3％和36.5％;抗体特异性结合值分别为21.2±17.4％、41.8±27.4％和25.6±28.4;而正常人和糖尿病人未用胰岛素者全部为阴性,显示国产胰岛素具有明显的免疫原性。     

“亚地克病”诊断标准探讨及修正建议

在新疆石河子市远郊缺碘地甲病区7～17岁儿童中取样,检测智力、精神运动功能、身高、体重和骨龄,发现精神运动发育障碍和骨龄落后的程度及发生频度明显高于非病区;而智力落后和体格发育落后两区无显著差异。根据这一发现认为在“亚地克病”诊断中,“精神运动发育测验”较“比内测验”更具有特异性和敏感性;建议在“出生、居住于缺碘地甲病区”前提下,将精神运动发育障碍和智力落后并列为主要条件。另根据地克病的分型原则,提出“亚地克病”的分型标准。     

Classification of Diabetes Mellitus by Studies of C-Peptide Secretory Capacity

Residual pancreatic B-cell function was investigated in children with diabetes mellitus in whom classification of the type of disease was difficult at the first visit. Intravenous glucagon tests were performed at the first visit and subsequently, the C-peptide responses compared. Based on our data on a limited number of patients, we propose C-peptide concentrations of 3.0 to 3.5 ng/ml at the peak or at 6 min after injection of glucagon, as the critical level which distinguishes non-insulin dependent from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, the degree of obesity, clinical stage and other factors also need to be considered in the classification of diabetes mellitus.