Standardization of a Re sodium perrhenate radiochemical solution using the TDCR method in liquid scintillation counting

Rhenium-186 has several current and potential applications in nuclear medicine. It decays by beta minus emissions mainly to the fundamental and the 137 keV excited levels of ¹⁸⁶Os and by electron capture to ¹⁸⁶W. This paper describes the standardization of this radionuclide using the Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio model (TDCR) method. This is done by the calculation of the energy transferred to the scintillator by considering the various decay/de-excitation paths following the disintegration of the nuclide. The uncertainty on the detection efficiency is evaluated by stochastic methods by considering statistical distribution of theoretical and experimental parameters used in the calculation model. The detection efficiency was found to be higher than 97%, allowing a relative standard uncertainty on the activity determination of about 0.3%.     

薄层扫描法测定坤元通乳口服液中人参皂苷Re的含量

目的研究坤元通乳口服液的质量控制指标.方法采用薄层扫描法对人参中主要有效成分人参皂苷Re的含量进行了测定.结果该方法的线性范围为0.28～2.27 μg,平均回收率为96.90%,RSD为2.37%.结论方法可行,专属性强,重复性好,能有效地控制该制剂的质量.     

吉林人参花蕾的化学研究(4)——人参皂甙Ro、Rb_1、Rf、Rg_1的分离与鉴定

继前文[1,2]报道从吉林人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)的花蕾中分离鉴定了七种人参皂甙(ginsenoside-Rb_2、-Rb_3、-Rc、-Rd、-Re、-Rg_2和20—glC—Rf)之后,又从中分离出五种人参皂甙(甙Ⅷ—Ⅻ)。通过测定其理化常数、IR、′H—NMR、~3C—NMR、EI—MS、FD—MS,制备衍生物,并与标准品对照鉴定了其中四种,甙Ⅷ、~1Ⅸ、Ⅸ、Ⅻ分别为ginsenoside-Ro、-Rb_1、-Rf和-Rg_1,另一种在鉴定中。ginsenoside-Ro(Ⅷ)和-Rf(Ⅻ)从人参花蕾中分离鉴定为首次报道。     

不同浓度人参皂甙Rd对次声性脑损害的保护

目的观察次声对大鼠记忆功能的影响及不同剂量人参皂甙Rd对其脑损害的治疗作用。方法通过Y型电迷宫训练将成绩相近的SD大鼠随机分为5个组，除正常对照组以外均接受16Hz 130dB的次声作用gh／d。3个药物组在次声作用前3d开始分别给予不同剂量（30mg／kg、10mg／kg、2mg／kg）的人参皂甙Rd。次声作用7d后再次评定每组大鼠的迷宫成绩，并用单链DNA（Single-stranded DNA，ssDNA）免疫标记法检测海马内ssDNA（凋亡细胞）数。结果与正常对照组相比单纯次声组大鼠学习记忆功能下降、标记的ssDNA阳细胞数明显增多（P〈0．05）；与单纯次声组相比人参皂甙（30mg/kg、10mg／kg组）有明显的保护作用，减轻了学习记忆功能下降，ssDNA阳性细胞数明显减少（P〈0．05）。结论16Hz 130dB次声可引发大鼠海马损伤、细胞凋亡、记忆功能减退，人参皂甙可明显减轻这些损害。     

Inhibitory Effects of Ginsenoside Rh2 on Tumor Growth in Nude Mice Bearing Human Ovarian Cancer Cells

Ginsenoside Rh₂ (Rh₂), isolated from an ethanol extract of the processed root of Panax ginseng CA Meyer, inhibits the growth of B16 melanoma cells. This study was designed to evaluate the ability of Rh₂ to inhibit growth of human ovarian cancer cells (HRA) in vitro and in nude mouse. Rh₂ inhibited proliferations of various established human ovarian cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner between 10 and 60 μM in vitro and induced apoptosis at around the IC₅₀ dose. When HRA cells were inoculated s.c. into the right flank of nude mice, all mice formed a palpable tumor within 14 days. Although i.p. administration of Rh₂ alone hardly inhibited the tumor growth, when Rh₂ was combined with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) the tumor growth was significantly inhibited, compared to treatment with CDDP alone. When mice were treated p.o. with Rh₂ daily (but not weekly), the tumor growth was significantly (P<0.01) inhibited, compared to CDDP treatment alone. When Rh₂ was combined with CDDP, the degree of tumor growth retardation was not potentiated. The survival time was significantly (P<, we examined whether p.o. administration of Rh₂ has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the tumor growth. I.p. and weekly administration of CDDP had more potent antitumor activity in the order of 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg, whereas p.o. and daily administration of Rh₂ (0.4 to 1.6 mg/kg) not only had antitumor activity comparable to that of 4 mg/kg CDDP, but also resulted in a significant increase of the survival. Doses of Rh₂ used in this study did not result in any adverse side-effects as confirmed by monitoring hematocrit values and body weight, unlike 4 mg/kg CDDP, which had severe side-effects. It is noteworthy that p.o. but not i.p. treatment with Rh₂ resulted in induction of apoptotic cells in the tumor in addition to augmentation of the natural killer activity in spleen cells from tumor-bearing nude mice. Thus, particularly in view of the toxicity of CDDP, Rh₂ alone would seem to warrant further evaluation for treatment of recurrent or refractory ovarian tumor.     

人参皂甙对中分子物质抑制红细胞ATP酶活性作用的影响

目的探讨人参皂甙对中分子物质(MiddleMolecularSubstance,MMS)抑制红细胞ATP酶活性作用的影响.方法采用健康SD大鼠红细胞体外孵育,在孵育体系中分别加入MMSⅢ和不同浓度的人参皂甙,观察人参皂甙对受MMSⅢ影响的红细胞Na+、K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶的作用.结果人参皂甙可增强受MMSⅢ抑制的红细胞Ca2+-ATP酶活性(P<0.01),但对Na+、K+-ATP酶活性未发现有明显作用(P>0.05).结论人参皂甙可通过改善Ca2+-ATP酶活性抑制MMSⅢ对红系细胞的损伤作用.     

人参皂甙Rgl对帕金森病小鼠神经保护作用初探

目的 研究人参皂甙Rg1在对帕金森病(PD)黑质多巴胺能神经元凋亡的可能机制及其神经保护作用. 方法 采用神经毒素1-甲基4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)制备PD小鼠模型,免疫组织化学法与蛋白印迹法观察各组小鼠黑质酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)和促凋亡基因Caspase-3表达变化;原位末端标记法(TUNEL)观察黑质细胞凋亡数量变化. 结果 人参皂甙Rg1干预组黑质TH阳性神经元细胞丢失明显减轻(31% vs.55%)(P相似文献   

基于“热敏灸”英译的质性研究探讨中医名词术语英译规范化实证分析

目的:文章以"热敏灸"英译为例,探讨中医名词术语英译规范化实施方法与路径。方法:通过数据库检索,以"热敏灸"英译为切入点,收集整理其不同的英译版本,采用Nvivo12软件对这一术语进行量化研究与质性分析。结果:根据中医术语规范研究中的基本原则,得出"heat-sensitive moxibustion"或"thermosensitive moxibustion"是"热敏灸"较为理想的翻译。结论:结合质性分析与量化研究,采用Nvivo12软件对术语英译进行实证分析,有助于中医术语翻译规范化与标准化,有助于中医名词术语的国际传播。     

三七皂苷单体对高血压病人血小板功能的影响

目的:以硝苯地平及1{β[3-4-甲基苯丙氧基-甲氧苯]-1-H-盐酸咪唑}(SK&F96365)为对照,探讨三七皂苷单体人参皂苷-2A对血小板聚集功能的作用。方法:肘静脉采高血压病人血标本30份,正常人血标本30份,常规制备富含血小板血浆,分别用不同浓度的硝苯地平、SK&F96365、人参皂苷-2A孵育,以2μmol/L二磷腺苷为诱聚药,连续5次测定5分钟血小板的聚集率,以血小板最大聚集率(maximal platelet aggregation,PAGmax)为观察指标。结果:①高血压病人PAGmax为0.89±0.06,与正常人PAGmax0.68±0.07比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);②两种浓度(10 μmol/L、20 μmol/L)的硝笨地平时正常人和高血压病人PAGmax均无影响;③4种浓度(2.5 μmol/L、5μmol/L、10μmol/L、20μmol/L)的SK&F96365对高血压病组的PAGmax均有抑制作用(均为P<0.05);④4种浓度(2.5μmol/L、5μmol/L、10μ,mol/L、20 μmol/L)的人参皂苷-2A对高血压病组的PAGmax均有抑制作用(均为P<0.05);3种浓度(5 μmol/L、10 μmol/L、20 μmol/L)的人参皂苷-2A对正常组的PAGmax均有抑制作用(均为P<0.05)。结论:高血压病人血小板聚集功能明显高于正常人,血小板呈高反应状态,是血栓形成的重要因素之一;硝苯地平不能抑制血小板聚集;SK&F96365能抑制血小板的聚集功能;人参皂     

人参皂甙Rg3-聚乳酸纳米粒诱导U87-MG凋亡和Caspase-3的表达

目的研究人参皂甙Rg3-聚乳酸纳米粒对U87胶质瘤细胞的作用。方法采用modified-SESD法制备人参皂甙Rg3-聚乳酸(PLA)纳米粒,采用四甲偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法(MTT),流式细胞技术(FCM)和Western blot研究人参皂甙Rg3-聚乳酸纳米粒对U87胶质瘤细胞周期和凋亡的影响。结果 Rg3-聚乳酸纳米粒抗肿瘤增殖作用呈剂量依赖性,人参皂甙Rg3-聚乳酸纳米粒通过与细胞核中DNA作用改变细胞生长的周期,造成在G0-G1期阻滞,引起细胞凋亡。结论表明人参皂甙Rg3-聚乳酸纳米粒在胶质瘤的综合治疗方面有广阔的应用前景。