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31.
Hisako Ikeda Jonathan Robbins 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》1988,69(2):175-186
Anatomical and physiological segregation of neurons into ON (brightening detector) and OFF (darkening detector) channels in the retina and subsequent visual system ensure the high sensitivity required for contrast detection and spatial discrimination. This segregation is finest at the visual axis. Neurochemically, ON and OFF ganglion cells at the visual axis seem to be distinguished by different inhibitory transmitters but not excitatory transmitters. Microiontophoretic studies of inhibitory transmitters on the retinal ganglion cells in kittens and adult cats suggest that this neurochemical distinction is poor in immature ganglion cells at the visual axis. Initially both ON and OFF cells seem to be supplied by GABAergic, glycinergic, and catecholaminergic amacrine cells, but in adults, ON cells remain supplied only by GABAergic amacrines, while OFF cells are supplied by glycinergic amacrines. Postnatal elimination of multiple inputs and strengthening of the appropriate inputs, as seen in the central nervous system, also seem to occur at the retinal neurotransmitter synapses during development. 相似文献
32.
实验猪小肠移植后急性排异反应的形态计量学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以猪小肠移植为模型,应用图像分析仪显微形态测量观察测量了移植前后肠粘膜结构。定量评价小肠急性排异反应的形态变化,评价免疫抑制剂对急排的作用。结果显示:小肠急排发生在术后5天,排异反应中肠粘膜形态、炎症程度及类型均有显著变化。免疫抑制剂可显著减轻急排,但不能防止排异反应的发生。形态计量检测结果可作为排异反应的早期指标,并可动态地监测排异反应的发展,指导免疫抑制剂的应用。 相似文献
33.
34.
Brian Wm. Davies M.D. Gary A. Pennington M.D. Bahman Guyuron M.D. 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》1993,17(2):125-128
Ambulatory surgery has become routine for many plastic surgery procedures. Anesthesia techniques including general anesthesia by inhalation and intravenous infusion and the dissociative technique have all been used successfully for outpatient anesthesia. Propofol (Diprivan), a relatively new agent, has proven to be a safe and effective general anesthesia agent for outpatient surgery. We report on our experience with propofol as an induction agent and continuous drip for general anesthesia maintenance in 100 consecutive outpatient, plastic surgery procedures performed in an office facility. Assessment factors were recovery-room time, nausea and vomiting in the recovery room and at home, hallucinations, patients' recollection of anesthesia experience, and overall patient satisfaction. 相似文献
35.
CT造影剂碘海醇注射液的制备及动物实验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道了非离子型X-CT造影剂碘海醇注射液的制备及动物实验结果。磺海醇的最大吸收波长λ_(max)为244nm。讨论了温度、浓度对磺海醇溶液粘度的影响:粘度随温度的升高而下降,呈负线型相关;粘度随浓度(C)升高而激剧升高,与浓度的四次方呈线性相关:V_(37℃)=472.589[C] ̄4+1.121(r=0.9977)V_(30℃)=663.813[C] ̄4+1.152(r=0.9996)V_(20℃)=1082.953[C] ̄4+1.433(r=0.9982)使用该注射液进行狗的造影实验,获得了清晰的造影图像。 相似文献
36.
微量地塞米松与抗病毒药物合用对抗单疱病毒作用的影响 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
报告在组织培养中地塞米松对单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)的生长繁殖无影响,对无环鸟苷(ACV)和环胞苷(CC)的抗病毒作用亦无干扰。在动物实验中,微量地塞米松[0.001%,常用浓度(0.1%)的百分之一]并不恶化上皮型HSV角膜炎。同时证明有效抗病毒药物的合用,微量地塞米松仍保留有良好的消炎作用,能促进上皮型和实质层型单疱角膜炎的痊愈过程。 相似文献
37.
非糖皮质激素的免疫抑制方案对同种异体移植胰岛的保护作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 评价非糖皮质激素的免疫抑制方案对防止大鼠同种异体胰岛移植排斥反应的效果。方法 大鼠同种异体胰岛移植后 ,分别应用他克莫司 (FK5 0 6 ) 霉酚酸酯 (MMF)和FK5 0 6 MMF 泼尼松 (Pred)行免疫抑制治疗两周 ,并设对照组 ,动态观察受者血糖、胰岛素及C肽变化 ,并作移植部位的形态学检测。结果 FK5 0 6 MMF组和FK5 0 6 MMF Pred组与对照组相比 ,移植胰岛存活时间明显延长 ,移植后 2个月在受者肝汇管区可见较多形态完整的胰岛细胞。FK5 0 6 MMF组维持术后正常血糖、胰岛素及C肽的时间超过 6 0d ,而FK5 0 6 MMF Pred组与前者比较 ,分泌C肽较少 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,血糖维持在较高水平 (P <0 .0 1) ,胰岛素水平两组差异无显著性。FK5 0 6 MMF Pred组停药两周以后的血糖水平较用药期间、停药两周内有明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,胰岛素和C肽分泌有所增多 ,但差异无显著性。结论 应用FK5 0 6 MMF和FK5 0 6 MMF Pred均有很强的免疫抑制效应 ,但糖皮质激素对胰岛细胞有毒性作用。小剂量FK5 0 6与MMF联用对移植胰岛细胞有较强的保护作用。 相似文献
38.
39.
Reto Treier Andreas Steingoetter Michael Fried Werner Schwizer Peter Boesiger 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2007,57(3):568-576
Fast T(1) mapping techniques are a valuable means of quantitatively assessing the distribution and dynamics of intravenously or orally applied paramagnetic contrast agents (CAs) by noninvasive imaging. In this study a fast T(1) mapping technique based on the variable flip angle (VFA) approach was optimized for accurate T(1) quantification in abdominal contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI. Optimization methods were developed to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and ensure effective RF and gradient spoiling, as well as a steady state, for a defined T(1) range of 100-800 ms and a limited acquisition time. We corrected B(1) field inhomogeneities by performing an additional measurement using an optimized fast B(1) mapping technique. High-precision in vitro and abdominal in vivo T(1) maps were successfully generated at a voxel size of 2.8 x 2.8 x 15 mm(3) and a temporal resolution of 2.3 s per T(1) map on 1.5T and 3T MRI systems. The application of the proposed fast T(1) mapping technique in abdominal CE-MRI enables noninvasive quantification of abdominal tissue perfusion and vascular permeability, and offers the possibility of quantitatively assessing dilution, distribution, and mixing processes of labeled solutions or drugs in the gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献
40.
Catherine Chapon Laurent Lemaire Florence Franconi Laurent Marescaux Pierre Legras Benoit Denizot Jean-Jacques Le Jeune 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2004,52(4):932-936
The aim of this study was to detect salvageable peri-infarction myocardium by MRI in rats after infarction, using with a double contrast agent (CA) protocol at 7 Tesla. Intravascular superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and an extracellular paramagnetic CA (Gd-DOTA) were used to characterize the peri-infarction zone, which may recover function after reperfusion occurs. Infarcted areas measured from T1-weighted (T1-w) images post Gd-DOTA administration were overestimated compared to histological TTC staining (52% +/- 3% of LV surface area vs. 40% +/- 3%, P=0.03) or to T2-w images post SPIO administration (41% +/- 4%, P=0.04), whereas areas measured from T2-w images post SPIO administration were not significantly different from those measured histologically (P=0.7). Viable and nonviable myocardium portions of ischemically injured myocardium were enhanced after diffusive Gd-DOTA injection. The subsequent injection of vascular SPIO nanoparticles enables the discrimination of viable peri-infarction regions by specifically altering the signal of the still-vascularized myocardium. 相似文献