Periprosthetic Tissue Reaction Independent of LTT Result and Implanted Materials in Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundAn allergic reaction may rarely cause a painful or stiff total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, no consensus diagnostic criteria for TKA immune failure exist. Lymphocyte transformation testing (LTT) measures immune sensitivity to various materials, but its role in diagnosing an allergic reaction to a TKA has not been established. This study compares TKA periprosthetic tissues in a) LTT-positive versus -negative patients and b) patients with conventional CoCrNi versus hypoallergenic implants.MethodsPeriprosthetic tissues from 26 revision cases of well-fixed, aseptic, but painful or stiff TKAs were analyzed. Twelve patients LTT positive for nickel (Ni) were matched as a cohort to 6 LTT-negative patients. In 4 patients LTT positive for Ni, tissue from first revision of CoCrNi implants was compared with tissue from subsequent revision of hypoallergenic implants. Histology was evaluated using the aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL) score.ResultsNo correlation was found between LTT and any ALVAL score component. The mean total ALVAL score was 3.8 ± 1.5 for LTT-negative patients and 3.3 ± 1.2 for LTT-positive patients (P = .44). The mean total ALVAL score at revision of CoCrNi implants was 3.0 ± 1.8 compared with 5.8 ± 0.5 at rerevision of hypoallergenic implants (P = .053).ConclusionPeriprosthetic TKA tissue reactions were indistinguishable between LTT-positive and -negative patients. LTT does not predict the periprosthetic tissue response. ALVAL scores of hypoallergenic revision implant tissue trended higher than primary CoCrNi implant tissue. A positive LTT may not indicate that a periprosthetic immune reaction is the cause of pain and stiffness after TKA.Level of Evidence3, retrospective cohort study.     

Retrospective study of functional outcomes and disability after non-ischaemic vascular causes of spinal cord dysfunction

Objective: Describe demographic characteristics, functional outcomes and disability following rehabilitation for non-ischemic vascular spinal cord dysfunction (SCDys).Design: Retrospective, open cohort, case series.Setting: Tertiary rehabilitation unit, Victoria, Australia.Participants: Patients with non-ischemic vascular SCDys admitted over a 21-year-period (01/01/1995–31/12/2015) were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes.Outcome Measures: Demographic characteristics, etiology, neurologic classification, length of stay (LOS), and complications. On admission and discharge, the following were collected: functional independence measure (FIM) motor subscale, details on bowel, bladder, mobility, living arrangement, and support services.Results: 36 patients (female 58%; mean age 69 ± 16 years) were identified. The main causes of non-ischemic vascular SCDys were epidural hematoma (39%), dural arteriovenous fistula (17%), and arteriovenous malformation (11%). 22 cases (61%) were iatrogenic. Most (86%) had incomplete paraplegia. Urinary tract infection was the most common complication (64%). Median LOS in rehabilitation was 68 days. Significant improvement in FIM motor scores was observed from admission (median 25, interquartile range [IQR] 20–38) to discharge (median 69, IQR 38–77) (P < 0.001). On discharge, 4 patients (11%) walked >100 m unaided, 6 (17%) walked >100 m with assistive device, 10 (28%) walked >10 m with assistive device, 15 (41%) were wheelchair dependent and 1 (3%) patient remained non-mobile. 20 patients (56%) were discharged home, 8 (22%) to nursing home, and 8 (22%) transferred to another hospital.Conclusion: Most patients returned home with significantly improved functional outcomes compared to rehabilitation admission, but with the majority having ongoing major disabilities based on FIM motor scores.     

医药类高校科技成果转化管理机制对转化绩效的影响分析——以江苏省四所高校为例

目的:了解医药类高校科技成果转化管理机制对转化绩效的影响。方法:便利抽样,选取江苏省四所医药类高校(南京中医药大学、南京医科大学、中国药科大学、徐州医科大学)的413位科研人员进行问卷调查。结果:投入机制、评价机制、环境特征、激励机制与科技成果转化绩效呈正相关关系,而运行机制、个体特征对医药类院校科技成果转化绩效无显著性影响。结论:应完善多渠道、多元化的科技成果转化的投入机制,加大科技成果转化的激励力度,积极发挥评价机制的引领作用,并优化医药类高校科技成果转化的外部条件。     

墨旱莲乙酸乙酯总提物对T淋巴细胞功能的调节

目的 观察墨旱莲乙酸乙酯总提物（EAEEP）对T淋巴细胞介导的细胞免疫的影响。方法 采用正常小鼠及腹腔注射环磷酰胺造成免疫功能低下小鼠模型,观察EAEEP对外周血CD4^ ,CD8^ T淋巴细胞亚群比例、迟发性超敏反应（DTH）、ComA刺激的淋巴细胞平殖反应的影响。结果 EAEEP显著抑制正常小鼠的细胞免疫功能（正常组CD4^ T淋巴细胞比例为40．13％,EAEEP大剂量组降至30．87％）,而对于免疫功能低下模型鼠可显著促进细胞免疫功能（使免疫抑制组CD4^ T淋巴细胞比例由34．87％升至40．80％）。结论 墨旱莲乙酸乙酯总提物对T淋巴细胞介导的细胞免疫具有一定的免疫调节作用。     

功能性消化不良患者血浆胃肠激素的变化

目的　探讨血浆胃肠激素水平变化在功能性消化不良 (FD)发病机制中的作用。方法　用放射免疫分析 (RIA)方法对 2 0例健康志愿者 (对照组 )及 32例功能性消化不良 (运动障碍型 ,FD组 )患者进行了空腹及脂餐后 6 0min血浆胃动素 (MTL)、血管活性肠肽 (VIP)、生长抑素 (SS)、胆囊收缩素 (CCK)水平测定。结果　FD组空腹及餐后MTL测定值均低于对照组 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;VIP测定值均高于对照组 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)SS测定值与对照组无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;餐后FD组CCK测定值明显低于对照组 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　血浆MTL、CCK、VIP ,在FD发病机制中起着一定的作用     

直肠癌p53功能的检测及其临床意义

目的 用Western blot方法检测直肠癌p53功能,并比较p53功能异常与肿瘤的浸润、转移等恶性生物学行为的关系,以评价检测直肠癌p53功能的临床意义。方法 收集我院1998年6月至7月手术切除的直肠癌新鲜标本21例,用Western blot方法检测p53功能。p53功能异常与直肠癌的分化程度、浸润肠壁深度、淋巴结转移及Dukes分期的关系用X^2检验。结果 直肠癌p53功能异常很常见,达76．2％（16／21）。本组p53功能异常者癌细胞分化较差、向肠壁浸润生长的能力较强、淋巴结转移多见、Dukes分期较晚。结论 p53功能异常可作为直肠癌恶性程度高、预后差的生物学标记。     

周围神经损伤后免疫系统变化的动物实验观察

目的 :检测周围神经损伤后免疫系统的变化。方法 :用 MTT法检测了坐骨神经损伤 1 ,2 ,5,7和 1 4d的大鼠脾细胞 NK活性及淋巴细胞转化功能 ,并用 PEG沉淀法检测了大鼠血清中循环免疫复合物 (CIC)的含量。结果 :坐骨神经损伤后 7和 1 4d大鼠脾细胞的自发转化率较对照组 (同样手术应激但无坐骨神经损伤 )略有增高 ;循环免疫复合物的含量术后 7d明显增高 ,1 4d时增加明显 ;而 NK活性则无明显变化 ,后期变化如何尚待进一步研究。结论 :周围神经损伤后 ,机体发生了免疫变化。     

残胃贲门癌切除、空肠“9”字袢代胃及幽门重建术12例

目的探讨残胃贲门癌手术切除,消化道重建的方法。方法总结1989年8月至1999年12月12例残胃贲门癌切除、空肠“9”字袢代胃及幽门重建术的治疗经验。结果无手术死亡,无倾倒综合征,无返流性食管炎。钡剂在“9”字环内有循环,下方重建凼门处有钡荆停留。全组均随访,随访时间最长4年3个月,最短4个月。其中1年内死亡2例,1～2年死亡4例,2～3年死亡2例,另4例生活良好。结论术后并发症少,有抗返流作用,利于营养支持,病人生活质量较高。     

微型钢板治疗掌指骨骨折

目的：介绍一种治疗手掌骨骨折切开复位内固定的术式,方法：对１５例手掌有骨折脂用切开复位,微型钢板螺丝钉内固定术,根据骨折的不同部位及骨折的不同类型,选用不同形状的钢板。结果：术后１５例随访３ｍｏ～１ａ,全部病例骨折完全愈合,无关节僵硬发生,疗效良好,结论：应用微型钢板螺丝钉治疗手掌,指骨折、使用方便,疗效可靠,值得推广应用。