富集法检测三维鱼肝油乳的酵母菌

目的建立一种能有效检出三维鱼肝油乳中酵母菌的方法。方法富集法即增菌法,样品液先在合适的培养基中进行增菌培养后,再按中国药典(2005)版二部附录ⅪJ微生物限度检查项下用平皿法倒碟进行检测。结果被酵母菌污染的三维鱼肝油乳样品用富集法均能检出。结论富集法比平皿法可以更有效地检测出样品中的酵母菌,保证产品质量。     

北京市区大气细菌与真菌粒子关系的研究

用ＡＮＤＥＲＳＥＮ生物粒子采样器在北京西单对大气细菌和真菌粒子的浓度、浓度分布、粒度分布及二者之间的关系进行了一年（１９８７－１１－０３～１９８８－０８－０１）的观测和研究。结果表明，西单大气细菌粒子年平均浓度为大气真菌粒子年平均浓度的２．６倍，一年中大气细菌粒子浓度与大气真菌粒子浓度的相关系数为０．３２９，呈正相关关系。大气细菌粒子的浓度和粒度均为正偏态分布，大气真菌粒子的浓度和粒度均为对数正态分布，＞８．２μｍ的粗粒浓度，大气细菌为１６３３个／ｍ３，大气真菌为１７９个／ｍ３，大气细菌为大气真菌的９．１倍。大气细菌粒子的四季浓度均大于大气真菌粒子的四季浓度，不同季节的大气细菌和真菌粒子浓度的相关系数为０．９５６，呈明显的正相关关系。一天内，大气细菌粒子浓度呈双峰变化，大气真菌粒子浓度呈单峰变化，一天中的大气细菌和真菌粒子浓度的相关系数为０．０１５，相关关系不明显。     

Successful caspofungin treatment of multidrug resistant Candida parapsilosis septicaemia in an extremely low birth weight neonate

Candida septicaemia with multidrug resistance is an uncommon event in preterm neonates. We present an extremely low birth weight infant (gestational age of 27 weeks, birth weight of 980 g) who developed congenital Candida parapsilosis septicaemia. Because the fungus was resistant both to amphotericin B and fluconazole, caspofungin was chosen for therapy. The fungus was successfully eradicated without any clinical or laboratory adverse effects.     

Candida species in stool, symptoms and complaints in general practice--a cross-sectional study of 308 outpatients

Patients with unspecific symptoms were sometimes tested for Candida. In case of findings of this yeast-like fungus in their stools they often were labelled with the diagnosis of a "Candida-syndrome". This comprises headache, weakness, flatulence, ravenous appetite for sweets, itching skin and several more unspecific symptoms. All 500 randomly sampled patients in 12 mainly naturopathic practices were asked to take part. In case of participation, they received stool-tubes and questionnaires to be answered during the waiting-time by the patients themselves. We asked for details of lifestyle, diseases and a number of unspecific symptoms. The stool-tubes were sent to a microbiological lab within 24 h after being filled. About one-third of all 308 participants carried Candida albicans in their stools. This finding is regarded as normal. Smoking habits were highly associated to Candida: 45 of the 78 smokers (58%), but only 68 of the 230 (29%) non-smokers were Candida positive, P < 0.0001. Three more results were associated with Candida-positive stools: Candida-vaginitis, allergies against food and allergies in general. Hints of a Candida-syndrome could not be found. The relation with smoking cigarettes is a new result. Associations to Candida-vaginitis and allergies were described before.     

Emerging infectious determinants of chronic diseases

Evidence now confirms that noncommunicable chronic diseases can stem from infectious agents. Furthermore, at least 13 of 39 recently described infectious agents induce chronic syndromes. Identifying the relationships can affect health across populations, creating opportunities to reduce the impact of chronic disease by preventing or treating infection. As the concept is progressively accepted, advances in laboratory technology and epidemiology facilitate the detection of noncultivable, novel, and even recognized microbial origins. A spectrum of diverse pathogens and chronic syndromes emerges, with a range of pathways from exposure to chronic illness or disability. Complex systems of changing human behavioral traits superimposed on human, microbial, and environmental factors often determine risk for exposure and chronic outcome. Yet the strength of causal evidence varies widely, and detecting a microbe does not prove causality. Nevertheless, infectious agents likely determine more cancers, immune-mediated syndromes, neurodevelopmental disorders, and other chronic conditions than currently appreciated.     

Initial therapy of suspected microbial corneal ulcers: I. Broad antibiotic therapy based on prevalence of organisms

The initial treatment of bacterial ulcers of the cornea should consist of a combination of antibiotics that are effective against the major pathogens in the community. A gram stain may be misleading and therefore may suggest inappropriate therapy. Antibiotic therapy should include subconjunctival injections and concentrated eye drops, but not systemic administration except following perforation. Initially, we use cefazolin and tobramycin or gentamicin. Bacitracin may be substituted as a topical medication. Antibiotic therapy should be changed only if the pathogen is reported to be resistant to initial therapy and if the corneal ulcer continues to worsen.     

Intraocular coccidioidomycosis

A case of unsuccessfully treated coccidioidomycosis with intraocular manifestations is presented. Fever, skin lesions and a variety of constitutional symptoms dominated the clinical course. At autopsy there were extensive systemic dissemination and conspicuous intraocular lesions involving the uveal tract. The ocular and systemic features and the immunologic aspects of Coccidioidomycosis are discussed. Previously reported intraocular cases are reviewed and compared to our case.     

A New Human Case of Anixiopsis stercomia Mycosis: Discnssion of its Taxonomy and Pathogenicity: Ein neuer Fall einer Mykose durch Anixiopsis stercoraria: Diskussion der Taxonomie und der Pathogenität

Summary: Anixiopsis stercoraria, a keratmophflic fungus frequently isolated from soil is occasionally pathogenic for humans and animals causing dermatophytosis-like lesions. However, this species, which presents a Chiysosporinm asexual state, is not a true dermatophyte and the lesions disappear spontaneously or after a short antifrmgal treatment (antidermatophytic). Report on a case of a ten year old boy with lesions on the scalp which clinically appeared to be typical for tinea capitls. The different fungal isolates from these lesions are discussed in connection with the pathology.
Zusammenfassung: Anixiopsis stercoraria 1st em keratinophuer Bodenpilz, der gelegentlich bei Menschen und Tieren Hantreändenmgen hervonuft, die einer Dermatophytose ähnem. Diese Art, die ein asexuelles Stadium von Chysosporium darstellt, ist jedoch selbst kein echter Dermatophyt. Die Hantrerändenrngen hellen spontan oder unter anthnykotischer (antidermato-phytischer) Behandhmg ab. Es wird der Fall eines Uphrigen Jungen berichtet, bei dem skh am Kopf für Tinea capitis typische Herde entwickelt batten. Die isotterten Pflze werden in Verbin-dung mit der Pathotogie diskutiert     

Trichodermamide A and aspergillazine A, two cytotoxic modified dipeptides from a marine-derived fungusSpicaria elegans

Two known modified dipeptides, trichodermamide A (1) and aspergillazine A (2), were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the metabolite of a marine-derived fungus Spicaria elegans, and were found to have a weak cytotoxic effect on three cancer cell lines P388, A-549, and HL-60 agreed. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of compounds 1 and 2 from the fungus Spicaria elegans and their cytotoxic effect.     

Isolation and efficacy of entomopathogenic fungus (Metarhizium anisopliae) for the control of Aedes albopictus Skuse larvae: suspected dengue vector in Pakistan

Objective

To isolate the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (M. anisopliae) in the local environment, and evaluate its efficacy against the suspected dengue vector Aedes albopictus in Pakistan.

Methods

According to the standard procedure, M. anisopliae was isolated from the dead mosquitoes which were collected from the field or dead after the collection. Bioassay was performed to determine its efficacy.

Results

The results indicated that M. anisopliae had larvicidal effect with LC₅₀ value 1.09×10⁵ and LC₉₀ value 1.90×10¹³ while it took 45.41 h to kill 50% of tested population.

Conclusions

Taking long time to kill 50% population when compare with the synthetic insecticides, is the only drawback for the use of entomopathogenic fungus but these bio-pesticides are safe for the use.