Mycotic aneurysm of the root of left subclavian artery associated with aortic coarctation discovered by echocardiography

A 16‐year‐old girl was admitted with a 7‐month history of recurrent fever, weight loss of 5 kg, and general poor health status. Blood culture was positive with Streptococcus viridans. Transthoracic echocardiography established an aneurysm of the root of left subclavian artery, associated with an aortic coarctation just before the origin of the left subclavian artery with a velocity of 4.8 cm/s. Three‐dimensional echocardiography demonstrated the entire inner structure of the aneurysm. Computed tomography reconstruction confirmed the presence of aortic coarctation and mycotic aneurysm, it also revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery.     

Soft tissue assessment before and after mandibular advancement or setback surgery using three-dimensional images: systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of mandibular advancement or setback surgery on the facial soft tissue assessed using three-dimensional images. An electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Science, and OpenGrey databases. Inclusion criteria comprised studies that evaluated the soft tissues of adult patients before and after mandibular advancement or setback surgery using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The risk of bias was analyzed. A total of 3501 studies were retrieved. The titles and abstracts of 2071 studies were read and 2040 of them were excluded. Thirty-one articles were read in full and six fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included. A meta-analysis was performed using three of these articles. The correlation was significant and strong in the chin area (r = 0.876 and r = 0.868) and moderate for the lower lip/lower incisor (r = 0.690). The ratio for lower lip/infradentale was 78% and for Pog′/Pog was 98%. Due to the limited number of articles included, there is weak evidence to infer that changes in the facial soft tissue due to mandibular advancement or setback are significant, but changes in the lower lip tend to be smaller than changes in the chin area.     

Imagerie protonique pour la protonthérapie : état de l’art

Proton therapy allows a highly precise tumour volume irradiation with a low dose delivered to the healthy tissues. The steep dose gradients observed and the high treatment conformity require a precise knowledge of the proton range in matter and the target volume position relative to the beam. Thus, proton imaging allows an improvement of the treatment accuracy, and thereby, in treatment quality. Initially suggested in 1963, radiographic imaging with proton is still not used in clinical routine. The principal difficulty is the lack of spatial resolution, induced by the multiple Coulomb scattering of protons with nuclei. Moreover, its realization for all clinical locations requires relatively high energies that are previously not considered for clinical routine. Abandoned for some time in favor of X-ray technologies, research into new imaging methods using protons is back in the news because of the increase of proton radiation therapy centers in the world. This article exhibits a non-exhaustive state of the art in proton imaging.     

A case of napkin ring calcification of aorta following traumatic transection

The case demonstrates a hitherto undescribed phenomenon of a case of survival following an acute aortic syndrome without surgical intervention.