高效液相色谱法测定复方氯霉素滴眼液中氯霉素的含量

目的 :建立测定复方制剂中氯霉素含量的方法。方法 :采用反相HPLC法 ,以C18为固定相 ,甲醇 水 (1∶1)为流动相 ,检测波长 :2 78nm。结果 :氯霉素在 2 6 .6～ 16 0 .2 μg·ml-1浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系。平均回收率为 10 0 .1%。结论 :本方法简便 ,可靠 ,与其他成分分离效果好 ,可有效测定该复方制剂中氯霉素的含量。     

Estimation of the chloramphenicol and cycloheximide inhibition of protein synthesis in brain cholinergic synaptosomes

Cholinergic synaptosomes have been prepared from sheep brain cortex by means of an immunoaffinity method using a specific anti-(Chol I) antiserum. The [14C]leucine incorporation into proteins of this preparation shows a low cycloheximide and a high chloramphenicol sensitivity. This fact suggests that the mitochondrial protein synthesis system is the only one present in this fraction.     

耐氯霉素肠球菌乙酰转移酶基因检测及同源性分析

目的检测耐氯霉素肠球菌乙酰转移酶(CAT)基因,并对耐氯霉素肠球菌进行同源性分析,为临床治疗与预防提供依据。方法根据美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)指南做药敏试验,用PCR方法检测CAT基因,并测序;用重复基因外回文序列-聚合酶链反应(REP-PCR)对耐氯霉素肠球菌进行基因分型;用Cross Checker软件和SPSS11.0软件对指纹图谱进行同源性分析。结果耐氯霉素肠球菌分离率为21.9%;30株耐氯霉素肠球菌均检测出CAT基因,对复方新诺明和克林霉素均100.0%耐药,其耐药率为红霉素86.7%、高浓度庆大霉素为66.7%、高浓度链霉素为86.7%、达福普汀为90.0%、四环素为93.3%;有3组粪肠球菌、2株屎肠球菌各具有100.0%同源性。结论耐氯霉素肠球菌对多种抗菌药物耐药;CAT基因介导了肠球菌属对氯霉素的耐药;REP-PCR是一种操作简便、快速、低廉的肠球菌基因分型方法。     

氯霉素凝胶滴眼剂的制备及含量测定

目的:制备氯霉素凝胶滴眼剂并建立其含量测定方法。方法:以卡波姆-940为基质制备凝胶;采用紫外联立方程法测定其中主药含量。结果:所制制剂pH适中,透明度良好;平均回收率为99.67%(RSD=1.23%),样品标示含量为98.6%～101.2%。结论:本处方设计合理,含量测定方法简单易行、重现性好。     

HPLC法测定复方氯霉素乳膏中主药的含量

目的:建立以高效液相色谱法测定复方氯霉素乳膏中氯霉素与氨苯砜含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Hypersil ODS,流动相为含0.1%庚烷磺酸钠的溶液(取0.1%庚烷磺酸钠溶液500mL与二甲基甲酰胺5mL、冰醋酸0.5mL,混匀)-乙腈(75∶25),流速为1.0mL·min-1,检测波长为272nm,进样量为20μL。结果:氯霉素与氨苯砜检测浓度的线性范围分别为25.59~153.54、12.57~75.42μg·mL-1(r=0.9999);平均回收率分别为100.62%(RSD=0.92%)、100.93%(RSD=1.22%)。结论:本方法简便、准确,可用于该复方制剂的含量测定。     

化妆品中磺胺及甲硝唑和氯霉素的测定方法及检出情况调查

目的:建立化妆品中7种磺胺(磺胺醋酰、磺胺吡啶、磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺二甲嘧啶、磺胺甲氧嘧啶、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲基异恶唑)和甲硝唑及氯霉素的测定方法并对市场上销售的祛痘除螨类化妆品的加入情况进行调查。方法:使用C18柱,带有二极管阵列检测器的高效液相色谱同时检测化妆品7种磺胺及甲硝唑和氯霉素。结果:在选定的条件下,7种磺胺及甲硝唑和氯霉素可很好分离,方法的精密度小于5%,回收率为83.8%~105.3%。在总共抽检的122件样品中,检出甲硝唑14件,检出率11.5%,检出氯霉素9件,检出率7.4%,在8件样品中同时检出甲硝唑和氯霉素,检出率6.6%。磺胺均无检出。结论:高效液相色谱同时检测化妆品7种磺胺及甲硝唑和氯霉素的方法可满足日常分析的要求。市场上销售的祛痘除螨类化妆品中添加甲硝唑和氯霉素的情况较严重。     

HPLC法同时测定氯霉素醋酸泼尼松龙滴眼液中两组分含量

建立氯霉素醋酸泼尼松龙滴眼液的含量测定方法。采用高效液相色谱法:ALLTECH C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-水(70∶30),流速为0.7 mL.min-1,检测波长为242 nm,柱温为25℃。氯霉素和醋酸泼尼松龙分别在11.88~237.6μg.mL-1(r=0.9994)和4.752~95.04μg.mL-1(r=0.9998)范围内峰面积与其浓度线性关系良好,平均回收率依次分别为100.0%(RSD=1.1%)、100.9%(RSD=0.8%)。本方法可同时测定两种成分含量,操作简便,结果准确。     

高效液相色谱法测定氯霉素注射液中氯霉素的含量

目的 建立一种准确度和灵敏度高,重现性好的氯霉素注射液中氯霉素含量测定的高效液相色谱法.方法 采用shim pack VP ODS(150mm*4.6mm,5μm)为分析柱,流动相0.1%庚烷磺酸钠溶液(取0.1%庚烷磺酸钠500mL与二甲基甲酰胺5mL,冰醋酸0.5mL,混匀)∶乙腈(75∶25),检测波长:272nm,流速:1.0mL·min-1.结果 氯霉素在0.040～0.200 mg内有良好的线性关系,回收率为99.8%,RSD为0.80%.结论 建立的氯霉素含量测定方法简便,准确,灵敏.     

Role of topical antibiotics in hip surgery. A prospective randomised study

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of topical antibiotics has been shown well enough in vitro to justify strong consideration of their use in orthopaedic procedures. We carried out a randomised prospective trial to study the role of topical chloramphenicol ointment application on postoperative wounds following surgeries for hip fractures. METHODS: One hundred cases with fracture neck of femur were enrolled in the study. They were randomized into two treatment groups: one group had chloramphenicol ointment applied at the surgical site at the end of procedure and 3rd day postoperatively, while the control group did not. The wound was checked on the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 30th days postoperatively, by a tissue viability nurse on the guidelines issued by the Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health (SCIEH). RESULTS: We had 12 cases with superficial infection of which 8 belonged to control group. The risk of developing wound infection, however, was not significant with and without the use of chloramphenicol ointment (relative risk 0.430, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.120-1.544). Using multivariate analysis, no association was found between wound infection and age, gender, type of fracture or type of surgical procedure. Smoking was found to be the only factor significantly associated with infection, with the relative risk for current smokers compared with former/non-smokers being 7.29 (95% CI 1.62-32.67). CONCLUSION: Awareness is needed amongst the general public about the ill effects of smoking. There was reduction in the incidence of wound infection with the use of topical antibiotic ointment. However, this was not statistically significant to recommend its use in routine practice. A larger study should provide useful information on the role of topical antibiotic and its effect on postoperative wound infection.