恩度联合FOLFOX4方案治疗中晚期胃癌临床疗效及其对血清肿瘤标志物水平的影响

目的探讨恩度联合FOLFOX4方案对中晚期胃癌的临床疗效及安全性。方法中晚期胃癌53例,随机分为观察组31例,对照组22例。对照组采用FOLFOX4方案,观察组在对照组基础上加用重组人血管内皮抑制素注射液;比较两组临床疗效、血清肿瘤标志物变化水平以及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组有效率显著高于对照组,两组间比较差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=13.913,P〈0.05）;与对照组比较,观察组血清CEA、CA50、CA125、CA153、CA199水平显著降低（P〈0.05）。两组间不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论恩度联合FOLFOX4方案治疗中晚期胃癌有效,不良反应均可耐受,是一种安全有效的治疗方案。     

Dual Therapy with Lopinavir/Ritonavir plus Lamivudine could be a Viable Alternative for Antiretroviral-Therapy-Naive Adults with HIV-1 Infection Regardless of HIV Viral Load or Subgenotype in Resource-Limited Settings: A Randomised,Open-Label and Non-Inferiority Study from China

Backgrounds: This randomised controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial was conducted in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-1-infected patients to assess the efficacy and safety of 48-week dual therapy of LPV/r plus 3TC (DT group) compared with Chinese first-line triple-therapy regimen (TT group). Methods: 198 were randomised to DT (n = 100) or TT (n = 98). Results: Ninety-two DT patients (92%) and 88 TT patients (89.8%) achieved HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml at week 48 (P = 0.629). Moreover, the safety profile was similar between two groups, and no secondary HIV resistance was observed. Conclusion: The results suggest that dual therapy of LPV/r plus 3TC is non-inferior to the first-line triple-therapy regimen in China.     

Formulation and dosage of therapeutic nanosuspension for active targeting of docetaxel (WO 2014210485A1)

Non-specificity and drug resistance are two major limitations of all chemotherapeutic agents. Ligand-conjugated nanomedicine is the most versatile approach for targeted cancer therapy. Attaching a targeting ligand to the nanoparticle surface increases drug concentration at the desired sites, decreases the dose needed and lessens side effects. The subject of this patent evaluation describes the preparation of a therapeutic nanosuspension of an anticancer drug, docetaxel (DTX). The nanoparticle matrix comprised a polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol block copolymer (PLA-PEG). The nanoparticles were actively directed towards prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) over-expressing cancer cells using a targeting ligand S,S-2-{3-[1-carboxy-5-amino-pentyl-]ureido}-pantanedioic acid (GL2). The dose-limiting toxicity and maximum tolerated dose were determined for GL2-conjugated and DTX-loaded polymeric nanosuspensions. The efficacy of nanosuspensions was evaluated in people with various cancer types. The investigators claim the method of preparation of therapeutic nanosuspension, optimized composition of the formulation and dosage regimen for the clinical studies to effectively treat gastroesophageal and breast cancers.     

吉西他滨联合PF 方案同期放化疗治疗晚期鼻咽 癌临床疗效分析

目的：探讨吉西他滨联合PF方案同期放化疗治疗72例晚期鼻咽癌的临床效果和安全性。方法将2012年2月至2012年12月我科收治的72例晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分成两组，两组接受放疗和PF方案治疗后，治疗组在此基础上给予静脉滴注吉西他滨，观察和比较两组治疗3个月后的临床疗效、生活质量的改善情况及不良反应的发生情况。结果放化疗3个月后，治疗组的近期疗效（89.2%）显著高于对照组近期疗效（71.4%），两组近期疗效相互比较差异具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）；治疗组KPS改善率为78.4％，而对照组KPS改善率为60％，治疗组显著高于对照组两组KPS改善率相互比较有显著统计学差异（P〈0.01），且治疗组子宫体积和肌瘤体积缩小幅度都明显优于对照组，相互比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）；两组患者外周血白细胞减少、血小板减少、肝肾功能损害以及脱发的发生情况相互比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论吉西他滨联合PF方案同期放化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期临床疗效较单纯PF方案同期放化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌，临床疗效确切更高，减轻毒副反应安全性更好，值得临床推广。     

Hyper-CVAD/MA 方案和EPOCH 方案治疗外周T 细胞淋巴瘤的临床疗效比较

目的：观察和比较Hyper-CVAD/MA方案和EPOCH方案治疗外周T细胞淋巴瘤临床疗效和不良反应。方法选择54例外周T细胞淋巴瘤患者为研究对象，随机分为治疗组（29例）和对照组（25例）。治疗组给予Hyper-CVAD/MA方案治疗，对照组采用EPOCH方案治疗。治疗6-8个周期后，比较两组患者的近期疗效、不良反应的发生情况及3年生存率。结果治疗组CR 72.4％，RR 93.1％，3年生存率55.2％；对照组CR 44.0％， RR 84.0％，3年生存率28％。治疗组的完全缓解率和3年生存率显著高于对照组。两组患者的不良反应包括骨髓抑制、感染、胃肠道反应、发热、肝功能损害、神经毒性等。其中，治疗组和对照组发热的发生率分别为34.5％和4％，Ⅲ、Ⅳ级粒细胞下降的发生率分别为100％和24％，Ⅲ、Ⅳ级血小板下降的发生率分别为75.9％和12％，治疗组均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。两组其它不良反应的发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05），且均无化疗相关死亡病例。结论 Hyper-CVAD/MA方案治疗外周T细胞淋巴瘤的临床疗效优于EPOCH方案，且安全性尚可。     

Clinical pharmacokinetics of meropenem in pancreatic juice and site-specific pharmacodynamic target attainment against Gram-negative bacteria: Dosing considerations

Background and objectiveVery few studies have revealed the dynamics of meropenem penetration into the pancreas or pancreatic juice in humans. This study of the clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropenem in human pancreatic juice was performed to establish a basis for the validation of dosing regimens for pancreatic infections.MethodsTen patients with endoscopic naso-pancreatic drainage received 500 mg meropenem over 0.5 h via intravenous infusion. Venous blood and pancreatic juice samples were collected post-infusion for up to 5.0 h and used to obtain measures of meropenem concentration. The probability of attaining the pharmacodynamic target (40% of the time above the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC]) in pancreatic juice against MIC distributions for clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation.ResultsThe mean maximum concentration of meropenem in pancreatic juice was 2.08 ± 0.94 μg/mL at 1.025 ± 0.18 h. The pancreatic juice/plasma ratio was 0.055 ± 0.028. A 0.5-h infusion of 500 mg meropenem every 8 h achieved a 99.4% probability of target attainment against Escherichia coli, 96.4% against Klebsiella species, 94.3% against Enterobacter species and 96.2% against Proteus species, but only 41.3% against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.ConclusionIntravenous meropenem exhibits low penetrance into pancreatic juice. However, a dosing regimen of 500 mg meropenem (0.5-h infusion) every 8 h provides sufficient drug-exposure time in pancreatic juice against the four common Gram-negative bacteria populations.     

Sequential Cis-Platinum and Fludarabine with or without Arabinosyl Cytosine in Patients Failing Prior Fludarabine Therapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Phase II Study

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who fail fludarabine (Fluda) therapy have a poor response to subsequent salvage regimens and a poor prognosis. This study was undertaken to determine the efficacy and toxicity of a cis-platinum, (cis-p)fluda and arabinosyl cytosine (ara-C) combination in patients who were refractory to fluda or had relapsed following prior fluda therapy for CLL. Forty-one patients who had progressive CLL were treated on study. Eleven patients (27%) were sensitive to fluda and thirty (73%) refractory prior to study entry. Therapy consisted of cis-p 100mg/m² continuous intravenous (IV) infusion over 4 days, fluda 30 m/m² IV over 15 minutes on Days 3 and 4 either given alone (PF) or with ara-C 500 mg/m IV over 1 hour on Day 4 (PFA). The median number of PF or PFA courses received was two. No patient achieved a complete response. Eight patients (19%) achieved a partial response (PR), 28 were taken off study with progressive or refractory disease and 5 had induction deaths. The overall median survival was 6 months, 15 months in responding patients, and 4 months in non-responding patients. Rai stage 1-11 patients had a median survival of 7 months and stage 111-IV patients had a median survival of 3 months. Major toxici-ties (myelosuppression, sepsis, renal failure and tumor lysis syndrome) were frequent.

In conclusion, it can be said that the PF and PFA regimens have equivalent modest activity in patients with progressive CLL following prior fluda therapy, predominantly among patients whose disease was sensitive to fluda at last prior exposure. Ara-C did not add to the activity of the cis-plfluda combination in this study group.     

张景岳“中年修复，再振根基”学术思想初探

“中年修复，再振根基”养生思想是明代著名医家张景岳关于我国传统老年医学的一个独具特色的学术思想。从生理和病理两个方面探讨“中年修复，再振根基”的理论基础；于养元气、养元阳、养脾胃、养慎四个角度分析其“中兴”之法；借咳嗽、便秘、不寐、眩晕等中老年常见疾病看“中兴”临床运用，可知“中兴”意义所在，以倡其延寿之意。