Studies on the optimal conditions for inactivation of Bordetella pertussis organisms with glutaraldehyde for preparation of a safe and potent pertussis vaccine

The optimal conditions for inactivation of Bordetella pertussis organisms with glutaraldehyde for the production of a safe and potent whole cell pertussis vaccine were investigated. Two bacterial harvests from B. pertussis strain 10536 were treated with glutaraldehyde, each with 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1% concentrations of glutaraldehyde for 10, 60 and 120 min. The nine types of glutaraldehyde-inactivated pertussis vaccine (GIPV) and conventional heat-inactivated pertussis vaccine (HIPV) preparations made from two bacterial harvests were comparatively evaluated for the mouse weight gain test (MWGT), potency, and the histamine-sensitization (HS) and leucocytosis-promoting-factor (LPF) tests. The minimum period for killing the B. pertussis organisms with glutaraldehyde was>10 min for 0.025%, 10 min for 0.05% and 5 min for 0.1% concentration. The average loss in opacity varied from 5 to 10% for GIPV preparations and was 14% for HIPV preparations. The GIPV preparations except those inactivated with 0.025% glutaraldehyde for 10 min (GIPV-A) were much less toxic than the HIPV preparations in the MWGT. The GIPV-A preparations did not pass the MWGT. The GIPV preparations were also much less toxic in HS and LPF tests than the HIPV preparation. The potency of GIPV preparations inactivated with 0.05% glutaraldehyde for 10 min (GIPV-D) was similar to that of HIPV preparations. The prolonged treatments with glutaraldehyde reduced the potency. The GIPV-D preparation with good potency and less toxicity was found to be inactivated with glutaraldehyde under optimal conditions. All the preparations were innocuous in the abnormal toxicity test.     

过度训练的病理生理及康复 Ⅰ.大鼠过度训练模型的建立

实验表明,运用大鼠跑台运动,以心电图、体重、饮食量、精神状况、毛发脱落、尿蛋白、血清睾酮、皮质醇等为监测指标建立大鼠过度训练模型的方法是可行的。本文并首次模拟出大鼠运动性心律失常心电图。     

儿童胫后神经刺激的体感诱发电位正常值及其特点

探讨儿童体感诱发电位的正常值。对３０例８－１４岁健康儿童记录和测量了刺激胫扣神经引起的脊髓和皮层ＳＥＰｓ正常值，并计算出胫后神经４ 传导速度。结果１．ＳＥＰＳ各波潜伏期与身高均呈高度正线怀相关，与年龄，体重亦呈正相关，而潜伏期与年龄，体重的正相关是由身高引起的。２．Ｐ４０－Ｎ２０波间期与身高，年龄，体重均无显著相关关系。结论，ＳＥＰＳ潜伏期正常值应按其与身高的回归方程确定，Ｐ４０－Ｎ２０波间期正常     

Effect of calcitonin on total body bone mineral contents of experimental osteoporotic rats determined by dual photon absorptiometry

Summary Total body bone mineral (TBBM) content in rats was measured by dual photon absorptiometry (DPA). TBBM showed significant increases over 4 weeks in control groups with significant bone loss over the same time in prednisolone-injected rats on low calcium feed. Daily injections of calcitonin significantly reduced loss of bone mass. Both prednisolone- and prednisolone-calcitonin-injected groups showed significantly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase with the prednisolone-calcitonin group also exhibiting elevated serum calcium and phosphate levels, confirming the impact of the experimental protocol. TBBM measured by DPA in all groups correlated well (r=0.928,P<0.001 n=20) with the total ash weight suggesting that the method reflects total skeletal mineral content in the small animal. TBBM measurement by DPA proves well-suited to monitoring bone mineral in a small animal experimental setting.     

低抗凝肝素来源低分子肝素口服制剂的研究

以生产肝素的副产品——低抗凝肝素为原料,采用亚硝酸控制解聚法制得了低分子肝素,分子量为5300,抗凝活性为39.2u/mg,测定了理化指标。以对家兔实验性血栓形成的影响为药效学指标,确定低分子肝素口服制剂的处方组成为低分子肝素、油酸、牛胆盐。研究了所制备的低分子肝素胶囊对家兔血液流变学及血栓形成的影响,并试用于部分动脉粥样硬化症志愿者,表明该胶囊可有效地改善家免和动脉粥样硬化症志愿者血液流变性质,抑制血栓形成。     

第二产程产妇自由体位分娩效果的研究

目的 探讨产妇在第二产程中采取自由体位对分娩效果及舒适瘦的影响。方法 随机将152例初产妇分为观察组77例和对照组75例。观察组产妇在第二产程根据产妇的意愿采取半卧位、侧卧位、蹲位、坐位等自由体位，接生时采用半卧蹲坐位。对照组产妇采取床头抬高30°的截石位分娩。比较2组第二产程的长度及产后的舒适度。结果 观察组第二产程较对照组缩短（P〈0．01），产后双下肢酸痛、麻木不适较对照组显著减轻，舒适度增加。结论 第二产程自由体位可有效缩短产程并缓解分娩体位的不适。     

生精丸治疗男性不育60例临床研究

目的观察生精丸对男性不育的治疗作用.方法选择120例男性不育患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组.每组60例,分别给予生精丸和五子衍宗丸治疗.治疗前后以WLJY-9000伟力彩色精子质检系统进行精液参数分析,并检测血液睾酮(T)水平,同时观察病人服用生精丸期间有无明显不良反应.结果治疗组精子密度、活率、活力以及运动参数和睾酮水平等指标均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),痊愈率、显效率及总有效率亦高于对照组(P＜0.05),且服药期间无明显的不良反应.结论生精丸有从整体上纠正精液异常的功效,能使病人精子数量、质量、睾酮水平得到提高.     

Transcatheter closure of the patent arterial duct using the Flipper coil in a premature infant weighing 1,400 g: a case report.

A symptomatic 1,400 g premature triplet underwent successful transcatheter coil embolization of patent arterial duct using the umbilical artery. One 3 mm x 3 cm Flipper coil was used with no angiographic residual shunt. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the smallest preterm infants to undergo this transcatheter procedure.     

Early rapid weight gain and current overweight in relation to asthma in adolescents born with very low birth weight

Early catch-up growth and subsequent overweight are suggested to be associated with later cardiovascular diseases and later type II diabetes. However, the impact of early catch-up growth and childhood overweight on the development of asthma has been less studied, particularly in children born with very low birth weight (VLBW). A birth cohort of 74 VLBW children (birth weight < or = 1500 g) was followed from birth and investigated on asthma at 12 yr of age. Early rapid weight gain was in one way defined as an increase of weight > or =1 standard deviation score (SDS) at 6 months of corrected postnatal age. Current overweight was defined by body mass index (BMI) exceeding 21.2 and 21.7 kg/m(2), respectively, for boys and girls at 12 yr of age. Current asthma was diagnosed by a pediatrician, according to asthma ever in combination with a positive response to hypertonic saline bronchial provocation test and/or wheeze at physical examination at 12 yr old. Being overweight at 12 yr of age was associated with an increased risk for current asthma in the VLBW children [crude odds ratio (OR): 5.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-22.2]. After adjustment for early weight gain and neonatal risk, the OR of overweight increased nearly three times (adjusted OR: 15.3, 95% CI: 2.5-90.6). Early rapid weight gain seemed to be inversely associated with current asthma (adjusted OR: 0.49 for an increase of weight equal to 1 SDS, 95% CI: 0.23-1.02, p = 0.06). In addition, early rapid weight gain was inversely associated with the magnitude of bronchial responsiveness at 12 yr (coefficient -1.15, p < 0.01). There was a strong and positive association between overweight and asthma at 12 yr of age in the VLBW children. This strong association had been reduced by early rapid weight gain, possibly via the reduction of bronchial responsiveness.     

抗精神病药物治疗引起患者体质量增加及其相关因素分析

目的　探讨抗精神病药(APD)引起患者体质量增加及其相关因素。方法　对6 7例首次住院单用APD治疗的精神分裂症患者进行住院及出院后4个月的随访评估。结果　各时点体质量增加与GI评分无相关性,在出院时与BPRS、SAPS减分值有相关性,而随访期与SANS减分值有相关意义。逐步回归分析显示,在α=0 .0 5水平上,进入回归方程的因素依次为:APD品种,最大服药剂量与服药时间的积,阴性症状,病前1a最佳功能水平。结论　APD治疗中的体质量增加是与疗效无关的药物不良反应,受药物、精神症状及综合社会心理因素等方面的影响,而饮食与活动的中介作用不应低估。控制体质量增加有重要的医学及社会意义。