奥司他韦口服联合阿昔洛韦乳膏外用治疗手足口病的临床效果观分析

目的：探究奥司他韦口服联合阿昔洛韦乳膏外用治疗手足口病的临床效果。方法方便选取该院2014年8月-2016年3月收治的118例手足口病患者纳入研究,采取随机双盲法将患者均分为观察组(54例)与对照组(54例),对照组患者口服奥司他韦治疗,观察组在其治疗基础上联合阿昔洛韦乳膏外用治疗,对比两组治疗效果、症状消失及住院时间、药物不良反应情况。结果观察组治疗后总有效率为98.15%,显著高于对照组85.19%,P<0.05;观察组患者症状消失时间及住院时间均短于对照组,P<0.05;两组治疗后药物不良反应均较少,且症状轻微,经对症处理后缓解,两组总率比较,P>0.05。结论奥司他韦口服联合阿昔洛韦乳膏外用治疗手足口病的临床效果良好,患者症状改善明显,恢复快,不良反应少,安全性高,具有极高临床应用及推广价值。     

煨脓长肉膏联合浅静脉腔内激光术对臁疮溃疡面微环境的影响

目的:观察煨脓长肉膏联合浅静脉腔内激光术对臁疮疮面代谢环境的影响。方法:将60例臁疮患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。观察组用煨脓长肉膏联合浅静脉腔内激光术治疗,对照组采用贝复济喷雾剂换药联合浅静脉腔内激光术治疗。治疗后观察两组患者的临床症状、溃疡面及其周围环境等。结果:对照组患者患侧治疗后二氧化碳分压(partial pressure of carbon dioxide,PCO2)升高,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而观察组患者患侧治疗前后PCO2变化不大。两组患者溃疡面静脉PH值治疗前后均无明显变化(P0.05)。治疗后观察组患者溃疡面PH值较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组有效率为96.7%,与对照组86.7%比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:煨脓长肉膏联合浅静脉腔内激光术治疗臁疮的部分机理可能是通过抑制患侧PCO2升高,改善溃疡面p H(7~7.9)来实现。     

苡仁祛湿汤治疗小儿湿疹的临床疗效

目的探讨苡仁祛湿汤治疗小儿湿疹的临床效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年5月杭州市第三人民医院收治的2～6岁急性、亚急性湿疹患儿42例,根据随机数字表分为观察组和对照组,每组各21例。对照组采用抗组胺药物口服联合丁酸氢化可的松乳膏外涂治疗;观察组采用苡仁祛湿汤口服联合丁酸氢化可的松乳膏外涂治疗,2周为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。评价两组临床疗效和治疗前后湿疹面积及严重度指数评分(EASI)、瘙痒程度、中医症候积分,记录治疗期间安全性。结果观察组临床治疗总有效率为76.19%,明显高于对照组的66.67%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组EASI评分为(1.31±0.27)分、瘙痒程度评分为(0.69±0.17)分、中医症候积分为(15.79±3.59)分,明显低于对照组的(1.79±0.33)分、(0.94±0.23)分、(19.84±5.31)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患儿治疗期间未发生明显头晕等不良反应。结论苡仁祛湿汤治疗小儿湿疹可改善其临床症状,效果显著且安全,值得推广。     

序贯外用地奈德乳膏与克立硼罗软膏治疗轻中度特应性皮炎的疗效和安全性

目的 探讨序贯外用0.05%地奈德乳膏与2%克立硼罗软膏治疗轻中度特应性皮炎（atopic dermatitis,AD的疗效、安全性及复发率。方法 选取2021年7月至2022年8月南通大学附属医院皮肤科门诊轻至中度AD患者179例，随机分为3组：序贯治疗组外用0.05%地奈德乳膏连续治疗2周后，换用2%克立硼罗软膏，继续治疗2周；地奈德组外用0.05%地奈德乳膏连续治疗2周，接着每周2次再治疗2周；克立硼罗组外用2%克立硼罗软膏连续治疗4周。比较3组患者治疗前后的特应性皮炎评分（scoring atopic dermatitis, SCORAD）、治疗后的临床疗效、不良反应发生率及随访停药4周后的复发率。结果 序贯治疗组治疗后的SCORAD评分为（6.69±6.31）分、有效率为82.5%，与地奈德组[（5.39±4.25）分，87.5%]比较，差异无统计学意义；与克立硼罗组[（11.25±8.82）分，54.7%]比较，差异有统计学意义（P=0.002）。序贯治疗组、地奈德组和克立硼罗组患者的复发率和不良反应发生率分别为12.8%、31.0%、13.8%和8.8%、22.9%、9....     

湿润烧伤膏在皮肤护理中的应用

综述了湿润烧伤膏在新生儿尿布皮炎、静脉炎、换药、压疮、肛裂、痔手术后伤口引流以及糖尿病足、眼部整容术等护理方面的应用。     

复方利多卡因乳膏在分娩镇痛穿刺点涂抹效果分析

目的评价复方利多卡因乳膏在分娩镇痛穿刺点涂抹的镇痛效果。方法采用前瞻性分析方法,选取2018年7月至2019年7月美中宜和妇儿医院行椎管内分娩镇痛的孕足月单活胎初产妇[美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级为Ⅰ或Ⅱ级]400例。采用随机数字表法随机分为两组(各200例),复方利多卡因乳膏局部涂抹组为A组,安慰剂涂抹组作为对照组(B组)。复方利多卡因乳膏及安慰剂在产妇分娩镇痛操作前15 min均匀涂抹于分娩镇痛穿刺点及周围。宫口开2 cm时行分娩镇痛,按照视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估分娩镇痛操作时疼痛情况和分娩镇痛后72 h内腰背痛情况。结果A组有18例改行剖宫产,B组19例改行剖宫产,均剔除本研究。两组产妇麻醉操作时均无无痛和轻度疼痛发生。A组中度疼痛为100%(182/182),无重度疼痛例数;B组中度疼痛为27.07%(49/181),重度疼痛为72.93%(132/181);两组比较,A组疼痛程度明显减轻,差异有统计学意义(Z=208.575,P<0.001)。分娩镇痛后72 h内腰背痛发生情况无、轻度、中度、重度A组分别为136、27、15、4例,B组分别为89、54、27、11例,两组比较A组疼痛程度明显减轻,差异有统计学意义(Z=25.510,P<0.001)。结论复方利多卡因乳膏涂抹分娩镇痛穿刺点有助于减轻分娩镇痛操作时产生的穿刺痛和分娩镇痛后出现的腰背痛。     

Hand protection for car-painters

In a single blind cross-over study, the skin compatibility and comfort of cotton inner gloves were compared with a special astringent cream in 64 car painters. 38/64 (59%) painters preferred cream under disposable polyethene gloves, while 20/64 (33%) preferred cotton gloves under polyethylene gloves. This difference was not statistically significant. Persons with a tendency to hyperidrosis under gloves tended to prefer cotton inner gloves. According to preference, a special astringent cream may be a suitable alternative to cotton inner gloves. Such creams should not contain sensitizing components.     

Beauty product-related exposures and childhood brain tumors in seven countries: results from the SEARCH International Brain Tumor Study

Summary Data from 1218 cases of childhood brain tumors (CBT) diagnosed between 1976 and 1994 and 2223 matched controls from the general population were included in an analysis of maternal beauty product exposure and beauty-related employment in 9 centers in 7 countries. A 50% increased odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0–2.1] for CBT was observed among children of mothers who were exposed via personal use of and/or possible ambient contact with beauty products during the 5 years preceding the index child’s birth compared with children of mothers never exposed to beauty products during this time period. Overall maternal personal use of hair-coloring agents in the month before or during the pregnancy of the index child’s birth was not associated with CBT (OR = 1.0, CI = 0.83–1.3) or with astroglial (OR = 1.1, CI = 0.85–1.4), PNET (OR = 1.0, CI = 0.71–1.5) and other glial subtypes (OR = 1.0, CI = 0.62–1.0). Similarly, no statistically increased ORs or discernable pattern of risk estimates were observed for period of use or for number of applications per year for maternal personal use of hair-coloring agents overall or by histologic type. Among children born on or after 1980, increased ORs for CBT were associated with maternal non-work-related exposure to any beauty products (OR = 2.6, CI = 1.2–5.9), hair-dyes (OR = 11, CI = 1.2–90), and hair sprays (OR = 3.4, CI = 1.0–11). No overall increased OR for CBT was observed among children of mothers employed in beauty-related jobs during the 5 years preceding the index child’s birth compared with those who reported no beauty-related employment. In general, other specific beauty product-related exposures were not associated with increased ORs for CBT. Data from our study provide little evidence of an increased risk for CBT with mothers’ exposures to beauty products.Conducted under the auspices of the Surveillance of Environmental Aspects Related to Cancer in Humans (SEARCH) program of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).     

阿奇霉素冲击疗法治疗中度痤疮的疗效观察

目的评价阿奇霉素冲击疗法治疗中度痤疮的疗效和安全性。方法按随机、平行分组的原则，将患者分为试验组和对照组，试验组患者口服阿奇霉素500mg，每天1次，每月连续用药4d，对照组患者口服多西环素100mg，每天2次，4周后改为每天1次。两组患者均同时外用0．025％维A酸霜，每晚1次，两组疗程均为8周。结果试验组治愈率为25．58％，总有效率为79．07％；对照组治愈率为22．50％，总有效率为72．50％。两组治愈率及总有效率比较差异均无统计学意义（X^2=0．108，P〉O．05和X^2=0．489，P〉0．05）。结论阿奇霉素冲击疗法联合0．025％维A酸霜治疗中度痤疮疗效确切，用药简单，不良反应少，患者依从性好。     

Endocrinological and clinical investigations in post-menopausal women following administration of vaginal cream containing oestriol

The maturation value (MV), cervical mucus paråmeters (ferning, Spinnbarkeit), oestrone (E₁), oestradiol (E₂), oestriol (E₃), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), thyrotropin (TSH), growth hormone (GH), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), cortico-steroid binding globulin (CBG) and thyroxin-binding globulin (TBG) were determined in 11 post-menopausal women presenting with vaginal atrophy prior to, and following, treatment with Ovestin® vaginal cream containing 0.5 mg/day of E₃ for 8 wk. In 6 of the patients E₃ was measured during frequent plasma sampling on days 1, 21 and 56; in the same patients and on the same days TRH-stimulated PRL, TSH and GH levels were estimated.

While the therapy induced a sharp rise in the MV, there was a moderate effect on ferning/Spinnbarkeit. Baseline E₃ rose from undetectable levels to a mean value of 86.8 pmol/1 at day 21. E₃ levels achieved during frequent plasma sampling were higher on day 1 than on days 21 and 56 - a decline of the areas under the response curves being significant (P₂-sided = 0.03). There was a slight supression of FSH and LH. No changes in the circulating levels of E₁, E₂, SHBG, CBG, TBG, PRL, TSH and GH were seen. TRH-stimulated PRL, TSH and GH levels remained unaffected. Clinical effect was excellent and no untoward effects were reported.