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101.
Kohei Hara MD PhD Shigeru Kohno MD PhD Hironobu Koga MD PhD 《Journal of infection and chemotherapy》1996,1(3):166-176
Conclusion Reviewing the history of diagnostic procedures of causative organisms of respiratory infections, invasive techniques such
as the protected specimen catheter (PSB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) have become the preferred choices because they have
many advantages. These methods cause the patient relatively little discomfort, and permit an early diagnosis since they can
easily be performed at the bedside and the causative organism from the disease site is obtained in cultures. These procedures
can be used not only in patients with community-acquired lung infections, but also in immunocompromised hosts, including those
with blood diseases or following renal transplantation, in patients in intensive care units and in mechanically-ventilated
patients so that the cause can be accurately determined and chemotherapy started quickly, resulting in better therapeutic
efficacy.
Although these invasive procedures are advantageous for the diagnosis of respiratory infections, they also present various
problems which remain to be addressed including minimizing contamination and setting diagnostic threshold values. However,
the importance of accurately determining the causative organism in respiratory infections should be recognized as the most
important factor, and these methods have shown to date to provide the most accurate information to aid in the timely treatment
of respiratory infections in a wide variety of patients. 相似文献
102.
103.
104.
热休克反应对大鼠感染性脑水肿脑组织诱生型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
:探讨热休克反应 (HSR)对百日咳杆菌所致的大鼠感染性脑水肿诱生型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)mRNA表达的影响。方法 :从大鼠左侧颈内动脉注入百日咳菌液制备感染性脑水肿 (感脑 )模型 ,采用组织细胞原位杂交技术检测脑组织iNOSmRNA的表达。结果 :生理盐水组、4h感脑组及 4h热休克处理组均未见iNOSmRNA表达 ,8h ,2 4h时感染性脑水肿组均有明显的杂交信号 ,以 2 4h更为明显 ;而 8h ,2 4h热休克处理组仅有少数细胞有阳性信号。结论 :热休克反应对感染性脑水肿的保护作用可能与抑制iNOSmRNA的表达有关 相似文献
105.
采用高渗盐液,抗休克裤及两者联用纠正大鼠早期失血性休克。结果显示,单独使用AST,仅见动脉血压短时间回升,而单用HTS,血压则明显回升。若先用AST,再注入HTS,也能取得明显效果。失血休克大鼠血浆纤维连接蛋白水平显著降低,各组之间均无差异血浆脂质过氧化物-丙二醛的含量明显增加,且在HTS组,HTS+AST组与NS对照组之间有显著差异。 相似文献
106.
Toe temperature versus transcutaneous oxygen tension monitoring during acute circulatory failure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Measurements of toe temperature and transcutaneous PO2 (PtcO2) have been both suggested for non-invasive assessment of peripheral blood flow in acute circulatory failure. The underlying
principle of the two methods is that cutaneous vasoconstriction occurs early when tissue perfusion is altered. In 15 patients,
we compared the two measurements during cardiogenic shock (27 measurements) or septic shock (29 measurements). Toe-ambiant
temperature gradient and PtcO2 correlated well together (r=0.66, p(0.001) especially in hyperkinetic septic shock (r=0.79, p(0.001). In cardiogenic shock, toe-ambiant temperature correlated well with cardiac index (r=0.63), stroke index (r=0.64) and oxygen transport (r=0.65), and these correlations were stronger than for PtcO2. In septic shock, both techniques were poor indicators of blood flow indexes but PtcO2 rather correlated with arterial pressure (r=0.66) and left ventricular work (r=0.66). Trend evaluation of data revealed in cardiogenic shock that the increase in toe temperature usually preceded the increase
in PtcO2. Since measurement of PtcO2 is technically more complicated, correlates less well with standard hemodynamic parameters and later reflects cardiovascular
improvement, it has no advantage over measurement of toe temperature in circulatory shock. In cardiogenic shock, measurements
of toe temperature can reliably track cardiac output changes. In septic states, however, non-invasive assessment of skin perfusion
is of limited interest. 相似文献
107.
Barry J. Nicholls MB ChB FFARCS Bruce F. Cullen MD 《Journal of clinical anesthesia》1988,1(2):115-129
Trauma is the leading cause of death for persons aged 1 to 38 years. Successful management is facilitated by prehospital endotracheal intubation, transport to regional trauma centers, rapid resuscitation by an on-site team of trained physicians, timely operative intervention, and provision of care by well-prepared anesthesiologists familiar with the potential complications typical of traumatized patients. No particular anesthetic agent or technique is ideal. Causes for intraoperative hypotension include hypovolemia, hemopneumothorax, pericardial tamponade, an intracranial mass, acidosis, and hypothermia. The anesthesiologist should play an active role in all phases of trauma management, including provision of postoperative intensive care and pain relief. 相似文献
108.
喉症丸鉴定方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对不同批号喉症丸的二阶导数紫外谱线组图谱进行了测绘分析,发现不同批号的喉症丸其四溶剂二阶导数紫外吸收光谱特征数据,λmax或λsh具有很好的重现性,其分辨率高,特征性强,因此,以二阶导数紫外谱线组法控制喉症丸质量,鉴别喉症丸真伪优劣具有良好的重现性和准确性。 相似文献
109.
电位滴定法测定胰激肽释放酶活力测试条件探讨 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文用FIP推荐的方法,以具有国际单位的参照品为标样,滴定液为0.01mol/LNaOH标准溶液,考查了以BAEE为底物的电位滴定法测定胰激肽释放酶活力的实验条件,通过正交试验得出直观和方差分析的结果,依据酶活力单位高、SD和RSD%较小的原则,求出酶活力测定的最适条件是:酶反应温度为25℃;缓冲液为0.0015mol/LNa2B4O7-0.25mol/LNaCL-2×10(-4)mol/LEDTA,pH为8.00;反应液中酶浓度为0.48IU/ml;底物浓度为5×10(-3)mol/L;胰蛋白酶抑制剂浓度为125μg/ml。胰激肽释放酶活力测定的实验数据的相对标准偏差小于5%。 相似文献
110.
根据公认的眼科解剖学数据,提出后房型人工晶体植入屈光度的术前预测方法:IOL(D)=1.02(+21D+2X)。经人工晶体专用眼科A超36眼实测对比,无显著差异,认为在地市级医院和县级医院后房型人工晶体植入术推广中具有积极意义。 相似文献