微波热凝筛前神经治疗变应性鼻炎42例观察

目的：观察微波热凝筛前神经治疗变应性算炎的效果,方法：对４２例变就生算炎患者行微波热凝治疗,结果：随访一年以上,治愈３０例（７１．４％）,显效８例（１９．１％）,有效４例（９．５％）,有效率为１００％,结论：微波热凝治疗变应性算炎疗效好,痛苦少,反应轻,无并发症,是一种理想的治疗方法。     

聚硅氯化铁的制备及其混凝效果

以硅酸钠、氯化铁为原料制备聚硅氯化铁（简称ＰＦＳＣ）混凝剂。重点考察Ｆe/SiO2摩尔比对ＰＦＳＣ混凝效果的影响。结果表明：ＰＦＳＣ的混凝效果优于聚硅酸（ＰＳ）,且Ｆe/SiO2摩尔比对ＰＦＳＣ的混凝效果有较大的影响。确定Ｆe/SiO2摩尔比为１：１.５时,其混凝效果最佳,且用药量少而范围广。为制备高效的ＰＦＳＣ提供了优化条件。     

心痛安颗粒剂对不稳定性心绞痛患者血小板功能及凝血系统的影响

目的 :观察心痛安颗粒剂对不稳定性心绞痛患者血小板和凝血系统的作用。方法 :6 0例不稳定性心绞痛患者随机分为心痛安组 (30例 ,常规西药加心痛安颗粒剂治疗 )与对照组 (30例 ,单用常规西药治疗 ) ,观察治疗前后血小板最大聚集率 (Ma% )血小板 α颗粒膜糖蛋白 (GMP- 140 )和 D-二聚体 (D- D)的变化。结果 :治疗后 ,心痛安颗粒组的 Ma% ,GMP- 140和 D- D经治疗后明显下降 ,下降幅度明显大于对照组。结论 :心痛安颗粒剂可能通过抑制血小板聚集、活化和纤维蛋白合成而发挥治疗不稳定性心绞痛的作用。     

机械瓣替换术后抗凝与凝血状态的观察

为探讨心脏机械瓣膜替换术后口服华法令抗凝治疗期间,凝血因子的变化及μFPA与INR的相关关系,随机选取102例机械瓣替换术后口服华法令抗凝治疗患者,稳定抗凝治疗1个月以上.42例健康志愿者为对照组,一期法测定INR、纤维蛋白原(Fg)及凝血因子Ⅱ、x的活性ⅡC、xC;高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定尿液纤维蛋白肽A的尿肌酐校正浓度(μFPA).结果表明口服华法令抗凝治疗者ⅡC、xC显著降低,分别为(48.5±20.2)%、(39.4±16.7)%;μFPA均值(6.7±4.3)ng/mgcr,显著低于正常值;INR在2.0～3.0时,ⅡC、xC适度抑制;INR>3.0时,呈过度抑制;INR在2.0～2.5时,μFPA与INR呈负相关(r=-0.5194,P<0.001);Fg在抗凝早期(3个月内)显著增高[(4.23+0.27)g/L,P<0.001],抗凝晚期(3个月以后)逐渐降至正常范围.小剂量口服华法令抗凝显著抑制ⅡC、xC,抗凝效果良好;国人抗凝适当范围INR2.0～3.0;μFPA小剂量抗凝时与INR呈负相关,与ⅡC、xC呈弱的正相关.用μFPA指导抗凝有一定价值.     

Selected conditions associated with an increased incidence of incisional hernia: A review of molecular biology

BackgroundIncisional hernias (IH) following a laparotomy, on average, occur in 10–20% of patients, however, little is known about its molecular basis. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms could lead to the identification of key target(s) to intervene pre-and post-operatively.MethodsWe examined the current literature describing the molecular mechanisms of IH and overlap these factors with smoking, abdominal aortic aneurysm, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and diverticulitis.ResultsThe expression levels of collagen I and III, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases are abnormal in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of IH patients and ECM disorganization has an overlap with these comorbid conditions.ConclusionUnderstanding the pathophysiology of IH development and associated risk factors will allow physicians to identify patients that may be at increased risk for IH and to possibly act preemptively to decrease the incidence of IH.     

Drugs affecting coagulation

The clotting cascade is a complex process and is an important survival mechanism. Major haemorrhage and thromboembolic events remain major causes of increased morbidity and mortality. Drugs affecting coagulation have primarily been utilized to treat or reduce the risk of thromboembolic events. However, the recent progress in the management of major trauma and treating coagulopathy has resulted in further research and development of drugs that improve clotting function. Knowledge of drugs used for both clinical circumstances is now required when working in anaesthesia or intensive care.     

Platelet glycoprotein VI-dependent thrombus stabilization is essential for the intraportal engraftment of pancreatic islets

Platelet activation and thrombus formation have been implicated to be detrimental for intraportal pancreatic islet transplants. The platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) plays a key role in thrombosis through cellular activation and the subsequent release of secondary mediators. In aggregometry and in a microfluidic dynamic assay system modeling flow in the portal vein, pancreatic islets promoted platelet aggregation and triggered thrombus formation, respectively. While platelet GPVI deficiency did not affect the initiation of these events, it was found to destabilize platelet aggregates and thrombi in this process. Interestingly, while no major difference was detected in early thrombus formation after intraportal islet transplantation, genetic GPVI deficiency or acute anti-GPVI treatment led to an inferior graft survival and function in both syngeneic mouse islet transplantation and xenogeneic human islet transplantation models. These results demonstrate that platelet GPVI signaling is indispensable in stable thrombus formation induced by pancreatic islets. GPVI deficiency resulted in thrombus destabilization and inferior islet engraftment indicating that thrombus formation is necessary for a successful intraportal islet transplantation in which platelets are active modulators.     

个人剂量监测中异常结果的调查与分析

目的 对2014—2017年本实验室个人剂量监测过程中出现的异常结果进行调查与原因分析。方法 放射工作人员佩戴热释光个人剂量计监测个人剂量当量H_P(10),对测量结果超过调查水平的进行统计分析。结果 2014—2017年,本实验室共出现40个单位69人次个人剂量监测结果异常,其中从事诊断放射学的占83%;剂量结果在1.25～5.00 mSv占54%;导致剂量结果异常的主要原因有剂量计佩戴不规范（67%）、原因不明（20%）、工作量增加（10%）和设备维修（占3.0%）等。结论 加强放射工作单位对放射工作人员的管理及放射防护培训,提高个人防护意识。     

败血症弥散性血管内凝血时的白细胞溶血毒性的探讨

分别以凝血活酶和活大肠杆菌诱发家兔DIC,观察到活菌组血浆血红蛋白显著升高。同时WBC、MDA升高,而SOD活性显著下降。另分别以家兔贫白细胞血和富白细胞血与内毒素温育,结果前者溶血轻微,而后者溶血显著,且MDA升高。这表明感染致DIC时,内毒素等物质激活白细胞,可能通过自由基机制表现出溶血毒性。