无针注射器在糖尿病患者胰岛素注射中的应用

目的:探讨无针注射器在糖尿病患者胰岛素注射中的应用效果。方法:选取2018年11月1日～2019年6月30日收治的60例2型糖尿病患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组使用无针注射器注射胰岛素,对照组使用传统注射笔注射;比较两组低血糖、疼痛、皮肤不良反应及胰岛素漏液的发生情况。结果:观察组低血糖、疼痛、皮肤不良反应及胰岛素漏液发生情况均少于对照组(P 0. 01)。两组均无胰岛素过敏情况的发生。结论:无针注射胰岛素减轻了患者疼痛,减少了胰岛素漏液、低血糖及皮肤不良反应的发生情况,值得临床推广。     

改良大骨瓣联合软通道微创介入逐渐减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤的疗效分析

目的：探讨改良大骨瓣联合软通道微创介入逐渐减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤的疗效。方法方便选择自2009年12月—2014年11月该院收治的重型颅脑损伤病例70例,随机分为改良组和对照组2组,每组35例,改良组施行改良大骨瓣联合软通道微创介入逐渐减压术,对照组按标准大骨瓣开颅、硬脑膜一次性全切开,对比分析两组的并发症发生率及预后。结果改良组发生迟发性颅内血肿、大面积脑梗塞及弥漫性脑肿胀等并发症9例(25.7％,9/35),预后良好者23例(65.7％,23/35),对照组发生并发症19例(54.3％,19/35),预后良好者14例(40.0％,14/35),两组并发症发生率和预后差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良大骨瓣联合软通道微创介入逐渐减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤,效果良好,显著降低死亡率。     

血清Lp-PLA2水平对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI术中无复流发生的预测价值

目的分析血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)水平对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ASTEMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术中无复流发生的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2017年1～12月首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院收治的96例ASTEMI患者的临床资料,均行急诊PCI术治疗。根据术中是否发生复流将患者分为两组,其中术中发生复流者为A组(n=72),术中无复流者为B组(n=24)。比较两组患者的基线资料,包括性别、年龄、血压、心率、吸烟史、空腹血糖等和PCI相关情况,包括支架数量、发病至再灌注时间、血栓抽吸例数、支架长度等,并通过单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析分析影响患者术中无复流发生的相关因素。结果经单因素分析结果发现,B组患者发病至再灌注时间[(7. 19±1. 32) h]较A组[(5. 65±1. 71) h]明显延长,且血清Lp-PLA2含量[(309. 24±76. 34) mg/L]较A组[(197. 07±55. 35) mg/L]显著升高(P 0. 05);而其它基本资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析发现,血清Lp-PLA2含量是患者术中无复流发生的影响因素(OR=3. 84,95%CI:1. 64～9. 01,P 0. 01)。结论血清Lp-PLA2含量是ASTEMI患者急诊PCI术中发生无复流的影响因素,故临床中可通过早期测定血清Lp-PLA2含量预判断ASTEMI患者PCI术中发生无复流的可能性。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转的临床意义

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转的临床意义。方法方便选取2012―2015年该院收治的58例疑似卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转患者作为观察目标，入选病例均应用彩色多普勒超声进行检查，并将检查结果同术后病理检查结果进行比较。结果58例患者中，术后病理证实卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转者51例，彩色多普勒超声共确诊49例，检查准确率为96.1%；囊壁增厚、腹腔或盆腔积液、可见混合型团块是卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转的主要彩超表现。结论卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转应用彩色多普勒超声诊断，可显著提高诊断准确率，具有积极的临床使用和推广价值。     

外周血免疫细胞在NAFLD疾病进展中的诊断价值

近日,范建高教授应《柳叶刀》旗下子刊EBioMedicine(影响因子8.413分)编辑部邀请,与博士生林双喆在线发表综述:Peripheral immune cells in NAFLD patients:A spyhole to disease progression,EBioMedicine 2021 doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103768,系统分析非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)及其不同临床病理类型亚组患者循环外周血液各种免疫细胞的特征性变化,并探讨了外周血免疫细胞变化用于无创诊断与评估NAFLD的严重类型非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的潜在价值。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

止带方合五味消毒饮结合高效单体银抗菌凝胶治疗宫颈糜烂的临床研究

目的探讨止带方合五味消毒饮结合高效单体银抗菌凝胶治疗宫颈糜烂的临床疗效。方法收集我院宫颈糜烂患者300例,随机分为观察组和对照组各150例。对照组给予抗感染结合微波照射治疗,每7日为1个疗程。观察组给予止带方合五味消毒饮结合高效单体银抗菌凝胶治疗,每7日为1个疗程。两组同时连续用药3个疗程。比较患者临床疗效、满意度以及不良反应发生率。结果与对照组总有效率78.67%相比,观察组临床总有效率为92.67%较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组满意率78.00%相比,观察组满意率为94.00%较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组不良反应发生率较低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论宫颈糜烂患者采用止带方合五味消毒饮结合高效单体银抗菌凝胶治疗的临床疗效显著,能够提高患者的满意程度,具有显著的临床意义。