不同记录电极位置对多焦视诱发电位检查结果的影响

目的 比较不同记录电极位置对多焦视诱发电位(mf-VEP)检查结果的影响。 方法 应用RETIscan多焦视诱发电位记录系统3.20对10例正常人进行检查。记录电极位置包括两组垂直通道和两组水平通道。垂直通道作用电极和参考电极分别置于枕骨隆凸上、下方各2.0 cm（Ch1）或枕骨隆凸上方3.0 cm、下方4.5cm (Ch2)；水平通道作用电极和参考电极分别置于枕骨隆凸右、左侧各2.0 cm（Ch3）或4.0 cm (Ch4)。分别比较各通道记录的上半视野及下半视野mf-VEP的振幅之和有无显著性差异。 结果 各通道记录的上半视野及下半视野mf-VEP振幅之和的差异均有显著性的意义（F=20.273, P=0.000）；且Ch2与Ch1、Ch3、Ch4两两之间的差异也有显著性的意义（P分别为0.000 、0.000、0.001）。对于沿水平中线分布的位点，Ch2记录的mf-VEP中振幅很小的各位点的振幅之和，与Ch3、Ch4记录的mf-VEP中相应位点的振幅之和的差异有显著性的意义（F=11.304,P=0.000）；且Ch4与Ch2、Ch3两两之间的差异也有显著性的意义（P均<0.05）。 结论 与Ch1、Ch3和Ch4相比, Ch2可记录到更佳的mf-VEP。水平通道可改善垂直通道对部分位点，尤其是沿水平中线分布位点的mf-VEP的引导，其中Ch4对Ch2的改善作用较Ch3更为明显。 （中华眼底病杂志，2004，20：346-348）     

红点黄本对城市小学生远视力保护效果的追踪观察

目的探讨红点黄本对小学生远视力的保护作用,为学生用簿本标准的制订提供依据。方法整群抽取大连市某小学二年级学生131名为试验组6、35名为对照组,追踪观察3 a。观察指标为受试者的双眼远视力。结果试验组远视力以保持“不变”为主(43.9%),比对照组(21.2%)多1倍;远视力下降3~5行的,对照组(合计20.3%)各分别比试验组约多1倍;下降6行及以上者,试验组为0,而对照组占4.5%。试验组的右眼远视力3 a间平均下降0.034 4,而对照组下降0.095 1(t=3.731,P=0.000);试验组的左眼远视力平均下降0.044 3,而对照组下降0.081 1(t=2.247,P=0.025)。结论红点黄本对城市小学生的远视力有保护作用。     

Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire after cataract surgery

AIM: To investigate the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire (CLVQOL) as an instrument for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery. METHODS: Patients underwent cataract surgery in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, who fit the inclusion criteria were recruited. Two CLVQOLs were administered, including a preoperative CLVQOL and a CLVQOL at the end of the 3mo follow-up period, and were completed using face-to-face interviews or phone interviews conducted by trained investigators. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was calculated using an anchor-based method and a distribution method. In addition, the responsiveness of the questionnaire was measured. RESULTS: A total of 155 residents were enrolled. The average visual acuity (VA) preoperatively was 0.08 (SD=0.05), and it increased to 0.47 (SD=0.28) at the end of follow-up. Statistically significant positive changes in the CLVQOL scores indicated significant improvement of vision related quality of life after cataract surgery. With the larger value between the two results as the final value, the MCID values of the CLVQOL (scores of the four scales as well as the total score) were 8.94, 2.61, 4.34, 3.10 and 17.63, respectively. The CLVQOL has both good internal and external responsiveness. CONCLUSION: CLVQOL scores are appropriate instruments for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery. This study is an effective exploration for establishing cataract surgery efficacy standards, which helps clinical and scientific research workers in ophthalmology to gain a more in-depth understanding when using CLVQOL.     

Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Rabbit by Topical Administration of Tacrolimus Proglycosome Nano-Vesicles

This work was aimed to improve the efficacy of tacrolimus in the treatment of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) using propylene glycol modified lipid vesicles termed as proglycosome nano-vesicles (PNVs). PNVs were prepared by modified film hydration method. Experimental uveitis in rabbit eye was induced by an intravitreal injection of 20 μL of the endotoxin solution containing 100 ng of lipopolysaccharide endotoxin. In vivo efficacy of PNVs was determined by studying clinical symptoms of uveitis using slit lamp examination and by quantitatively measuring levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, leukocytes and total proteins in aqueous humor, 24 h after intravitreal injection of endotoxin. Comparison was made with healthy, untreated and tacrolimus solution treated eyes. PNVs developed were nano-sized, deformable and showed sustained release of tacrolimus over period of 12 h. In vivo results indicated statistically significant difference between the effects of PNVs in the treatment of EIU compared to tacrolimus. PNV treatment not only subsides clinical symptoms of uveitis but also prevented breakdown of blood aqueous barrier. Tacrolimus loaded PNVs are potential new topical treatment for uveitis.     

Pattern of ocular injuries in stone pelters in Kashmir valley

PurposeTo describe the pattern and types of ocular injuries in stone pelters in Kashmir valley during recent turmoil.DesignCross sectional study.MethodsSixty patients with different types of eye injuries were assessed between June–September 2010 and initial visual acuity was recorded. The injuries were classified according to Systems for Classifying Ocular Injuries (OTCS) and Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) was calculated in order to estimate the probability of follow-up visual acuity range.ResultsMost of the victims (75%) were young boys between 16–26 years with a mean age of 20.95, 95% of cases were males. The main cause of injury was stones (48.3%) and pellets (30%) besides rubber bullets, sling shots and tear gas shells.Most of the open-globe injuries due to stones were of Type B and A, Grade E, Zone II and III with Afferent Pupillary Defect (APD) in 30% of the cases. Closed-globe injuries were mostly of Type A, Grade C and D and Zone II and III.Most of the open-globe injuries due to pellets were of Type D, Grade D, Zone II and APD in 33.3%. Pellets Intra Ocular Foreign Body (IOFB) was in 41.6%. Most of the closed-globe injuries were of Type A, Grade D and E and of Zone III.Overall OTS of 1 was calculated in 16.6% and 3 in 53.3% of the cases.ConclusionIn stone pelting demonstrations eye injuries can result in visually significant trauma. Injuries due to pellets are mostly perforating and pellet IOFB, and both tend to have a very poor prognosis. OTS can be used to estimate visual prognosis.     

Prendre en compte le lien entre la vision et la motricité dans la démarche thérapeutique – Collaboration entre professionnels

Vision and motor skills are intimately linked, both in their own development and functionally. The solicitation of one can therefore promote the development of the other. The various professionals of motor skills (physiotherapist, psychomotor therapists, occupational therapists) and the orthoptists are called upon to integrate these aspects in the follow-up of the patients, as well in the guides as in the installations.