斑点免疫渗滤法检测丙肝IgG抗体试剂盒的研制

用基因工程重组的丙肝抗原包被于硝酸纤维素膜，建立了检测丙肝ＩｇＧ抗体的斑点免疫渗滤法。与ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒进行双盲式同步测定，二法检验结果差异无显著性。渗滤法简便快速，适用于各级医院，有很强的推广价值。     

日本血吸虫成虫31/32KD抗原的纯化及其免疫化学特性

本文采用超凝胶柱层析法分离纯化日本血吸虫成虫31/32KD抗原。分离的抗原经银染色及免疫印迹法分析证明已达免疫纯及生化纯级。该抗原PAS染色呈阴性,经过碘酸钠处理后不失去活性,在琼脂糖凝胶电泳中趋向阳极。鉴于血吸虫成虫31/32KD组分是一种主要血清学抗原,它的分离纯化为改进和标化血吸虫病的诊断提供了条件。     

TiN: A Suitable Coating for Defibrillator Electrodes?

The electrochemical behavior of porous TiN coating for defibrillator electrodes was investigated by in vitro studies. A commercially available Ti patch was compared with a Ti patch coated with a layer of porous TiN. Similarly, the influence of the TiN coating on a Pt/Ir intracardial electrode was tested. Porous TiN coatings were made by reactive sputtering on the plain electrodes. Electrode potential measurements were performed during monophasic anodic and cathodic defibrillator shocks delivering energies between 1 J and 49 J. Porous TiN coating of Pt/Ir coils was found suitable to deliver cathodal pulses, while a plain coil remains recommended for anodic shocks. TiN coating was of benefit for conventional Ti patches. Particularly, in the case of anodic shocks, the TiN layer protected the Ti-mesh from immediate oxidation. However, above 70 anodic shocks of 49 J, the TiN coating underwent oxidation to an oxynitride. An estimated 180 anodic shocks of 10 J could be delivered before TiN oxidation became measurable by increased polarization.     

环孢霉素A滴眼治疗角膜移植排斥反应

应用0.5％环孢霉素A(cyclosporin A,CsA)滴眼治疗穿透性角膜移植术后发生免疫排斥患者16例(16只眼),治愈9只眼,好转6只眼,无效1只眼。随访5～24个月,其中2只眼因停药复发,1只眼于拆线后复发,继续用药或增加给药次数后治愈。研究表明0.5％CsA滴眼剂治疗术前移植床条件较好,角膜移植术后发生免疫排斥的病例可得到良好疗效;而对术前移植床条件较差,角膜移植术后发生免疫排斥的病例有一定的疗效。作者对眼局部应用CsA治疗角膜移植排斥的疗效和作用机理进行了讨论。     

肝病患者血清透明质酸放射免疫测定的临床分析

检测256例肝病患者HA,结果表明各肝病组均增高,幅度从慢迁肝到慢活肝至肝硬化呈递增,其数值的高低可反映肝脏病变的程度。根据HA与中医血瘀证关系的分析,HA的增高与血瘀证存在明显的正相关关系。     

The application of basic science concepts to clinical problem-solving

This study looks at the relationship between anatomical concepts held by medical students and their clinical application, and develops a testable model of how students use basic science concepts for clinical problem-solving. According to the model, the essential prerequisites to solve a clinical problem using basic science information include the appropriate basic science knowledge, the ability to collect and interpret clinical information, with the key concept being the link that must then be made between clinical data and basic science. A detailed analysis of the individual components of the model should help to clarify and resolve some of the debate about the nature and balance of basic science and clinical education. A neurological diagnostic problem was used to test the assumptions of the model in a group of medical students who had minimal clinical experiences. There was no demonstrable relationship between anatomical knowledge as assessed by conventional tests and the diagnosis. There was a powerful relationship between measures of organization of knowledge and diagnosis, suggesting that the organization and development of concepts is the key to correct diagnosis. The findings have significant implications for assessment purposes and suggest that standard methods as generally practised may not measure the appropriate conceptual development and are not congruent with curricular objectives. Through the examination of its different learning outcome measures, the model may also be used to provide a profile of individual students or classes, which should help teachers and students deal with difficulties that may be experienced in learning to link clinical and basic science concepts.     

The multifunctionality of FGF-2 in the adrenal medulla

 Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and their tumor counterparts, the pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, are well-established model systems in neurobiology. The development of sympathoadrenal progenitor cells to chromaffin cells can be studied with regard to developmental signals which trigger the differentiation. With regard to potential treatments of neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease chromaffin cell grafting can be used as one therapeutical approach. The beneficial effect of chromaffin cell grafts is possibly not only related to the release of dopamine but may also be linked to the release of growth factors. One of the growth factors that is synthesized by chromaffin and PC12 cells is basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2). The experimental data available so far, are in agreement with different functional roles of FGF-2. This article summarizes the putative physiological functions of FGF-2 in the adrenal medulla. Three differential functional roles of FGF-2 are discussed: (1) as a differentiation factor for sympathoadrenal progenitor cells; (2) as a target-derived neurotrophic factor for preganglionic sympathetic neurons which innervate adrenal medullary cells; (3) as an auto-/paracrine factor in the adrenal medulla. Accepted: 21 August 1996     

A Mono-Percoll separation technique improves sperm recovery of normal and male factor specimens when compared with the swim-up technique

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of asimplified 80% Mono-Percoll sperm separation procedure on bothnormal and male factor semen samples compared with the standardswim-up technique. The parameters examined include sperm concentration,motility and morphology, total motile functional spermatozoaand percentage recovery. Normal patients demonstrated enhancedsperm parameters with the Mono-Percoll compared with the swim-uptechnique for concentration (67x10⁶ versus 42x10⁶/ml, P <0.001), motility (66 versus 59%, P < 0.001), morphology (56versus 49%, P < 0.005) and percentage recovery (60 versus42%, P < 0.005). Male factor patients showed enhanced spermparameters with the Mono-Percoll procedure compared with theswim-up technique for motility (53 versus 42%, P < 0.05)and percentage recovery (54 versus 29%, P < 0.005), withno significant difference in concentration and morphology. Insummary, the Mono-Percoll sperm recovery procedure is significantlybetter than the swim-up technique for male factor patients andpatients with normal sperm parameters.     

Choosing a career in general practice: the influence of medical schools

Summary. This paper reviews the literature on career choice to investigate the undergraduate influences on the preference of Australian graduates for a career in general practice. Although isolation of influencing factors is difficult, admission criteria and undergraduate curricula may influence career preference. As the institutional environment of medical schools is weighted towards scientific research and specialized medicine, medical students may be socialized into choosing non-generalist careers. Medical schools should consider broadening selection criteria and curriculum exposure to produce graduates with a broad range of career interests.