Is FOXP3 a bona fide marker for human regulatory T cells?

FOXP3 is a specific marker for naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTreg). FOXP3 expression is correlated with development and function of nTreg. Recent evidence suggests that, upon activation, human effector T (Teff) cells and type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells can express FOXP3, albeit transiently. While the role of transient FOXP3 expression in Teff cells is poorly understood, it is becoming clear that it does not correlate with suppressor function. Furthermore, FOXP3-independent mechanisms, mediated by IL-10, contribute to the induction and suppressor functions of Tr1 cells.     

转录因子Foxp3与肿瘤免疫及其调控

Foxp3高表达于CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25+Tr),与其分化、发育和免疫调节功能关系密切.较为普遍的观点认为Foxp3是Tr的一个特征性分子标志.而新近的研究提出,Foxp3不仅仅表达于Tr细胞,并有人提出表面分子标志CD127才是调节性T细胞的特异性标志,争论的结果有待进一步证实.近年,Foxp3对Tr的发生、发育及免疫功能的影响已逐渐成为免疫学研究热点,Foxp3与肿瘤免疫调节的关系越来越被广泛关注,机体对Foxp3的不同的调控机制成为学者讨论的焦点,但Foxp3的确切调节机制还有待进一步深入研究.     

元宝枫油对一次性力竭运动大鼠氧化应激和炎症反应的影响

目的 探讨元宝枫油对一次性力竭运动大鼠氧化应激和炎症反应的影响,为元宝枫油用于预防运动损伤提供科学依据.方法 30只健康SD雄性大鼠根据体质量随机分为安静对照组(A组,正常饮食+每天生理盐水灌胃),力竭组(B组,正常饮食+每天生理盐水灌胃)和元宝枫油力竭组(C组,每天元宝枫油0.21 mL/kg灌胃),6周后进行一次性力竭游泳运动,测定大鼠血清中肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性及炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平;测定肌肉匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)、还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性.结果 力竭运动后,B组与A组相比,血清中CK、LDH水平及IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10水平均显著升高(P＜0.05),IL-10/TNF-α比值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),大鼠腓肠肌中MDA水平显著升高(P＜0.05),GSH水平与GSH-PX活性显著下降(均P＜0.05),SOD活性与CAT活性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);C组与B组相比,血清中CK、LDH水平及IL-1β、TNF-α显著下降(均P＜0.05),IL-10差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),IL-10/TNF-α比值显著上升(P＜0.05),腓肠肌中MDA水平明显下降(P＜0.05),GSH水平及SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活性均显著升高(均P＜0.05).结论 元宝枫油可明显减轻力竭运动引起的氧化应激和炎症反应,对骨骼肌具有保护作用.     

RP-HPLC法对元宝枫果翅中3种黄酮苷元的研究

目的研究元宝枫果翅活性与其有效成分的相关性。方法利用反相高效液相色谱法测定不同季节元宝枫果翅中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素含量。结果不同季节样品中3种黄酮苷元的定量分析结果分别为槲皮素平均回收率99.8%,RSD=0.72%;山柰酚平均回收率为100.8%,RSD=1.09%;异鼠李素平均回收率为102.4%,RSD=1.61%。结论元宝枫果翅中含有中槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素,其含量随季节变化。     

Vancouver B2 Peri-Prosthetic Fractures in Cemented Femoral Implants can be Treated With Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Alone Without Revision

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of 52 consecutive Vancouver B2 peri-prosthetic fractures around cemented polished double-tapered stems treated by open reduction and internal fixation in 2 trauma centers in 2 countries.MethodsOutcomes included modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Harris Pain Score, and return to pre-injury mobility. Fracture healing was assessed; implant subsidence measured and complications including re-operations reported.ResultsNo patient was lost to follow-up. Median patient age at operation was 82 years (range 43-98); Harris pain scores showed minimal pain (median 42, range 10-44) at latest follow-up. Median total subsidence at 1 year was 1.1 mm (range 0-5.4), the majority of which occurred within the cement mantle. No subsequent femoral stem revision was required (median 2.9 years, 0-10); however, there were 3 re-operations: 1 re-operation for pre-existing recurrent dislocation involving head liner exchange and 2 for repeat fixation due to metal fatigue. Two additional fractures occurred below the new plating, requiring further plating whilst still retaining the original stems.ConclusionAnatomical reduction and open reduction and internal fixation of Vancouver B2 peri-prosthetic fractures should be considered as an appropriate treatment solution for frail elderly patients with a peri-prosthetic fracture around cemented polished double-tapered stems.     

Transferred NOESY NMR studies of biotin mimetic peptide (FSHPQNT) bound to streptavidin: a structural model for studies of peptide-protein interactions

Protein–protein interactions control signaling, specific adhesion, and many other biological functions. The three‐dimensional structures of the interfaces and bound ligand can be approached with transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy NMR, which can be applied to much larger proteins than conventional NMR and requires less concentrated protein. However, it is not clear how accurately the structures of protein‐bound peptides can be determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy. We studied the structure of a biotin mimetic peptide (FSHPQNT) bound to streptavidin, because the X‐ray structure of the complex is available to 1.74 Å resolution, and we found that conditions could be adjusted so that the off‐rates were fast enough for transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy NMR. The off‐rate was determined with ¹⁹F NMR, using a para‐fluoro‐phenylalanine analog of the peptide. A new criterion for a lower limit on kinetic off‐rate was found, which allowed accurate structure determination at a slower off‐rate. Non‐specific binding of the peptide to streptavidin was not significant, because biotin blocked the peptide transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy. Protein mediation for the long‐range peptide transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy cross‐peaks was corrected by a transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy/ROESY averaging procedure. The protein‐bound structure of the peptide was determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy constrained and simulated annealing. The structure deduced from the NMR was close to the X‐ray structure.     

支气管哮喘患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞变化及其尘螨过敏状态的测定

目的通过对支气管哮喘患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平变化和尘螨过敏状态的测定,探讨调节性T细胞在过敏性支气管哮喘发病中的作用。方法用流式细胞仪测定CD4+CD25+Tr占CD4+T细胞的比例,采用过敏原皮试点刺方法测定支气管哮喘患者的尘螨过敏状态。结果 25例正常对照组和支气管哮喘发作组患者外周血CD4+CD25+Tr水平分别为8.66%±1.61%和4.81%±2.76%,两组有显著差异(P<0.01)。14例粉尘螨或屋尘螨(+～++)阳性组和11例粉尘螨或屋尘螨(+++)及以上阳性组的CD4+CD25+Tr水平分别为6.45%±2.08%,和2.73%±2.03%,两组有显著差异。结论哮喘患者体内存在Tr细胞免疫功能平衡失调,CD4+CD25+Tr细胞处于低水平,CD4+CD25+Tr数量和抑制功能减弱或呈低反应性可能是导致支气管哮喘发病的原因之一。粉尘螨或屋尘螨重度过敏患者的外周血CD4+CD25+Tr水平明显低于轻度过敏者,提示CD4+CD25+Tr可能与支气管哮喘的过敏状态有关。     

糖槭夏果与越冬果有效成分的比较

目的:本文对糖槭夏果与越冬果的有效成分进行比较.方法:通过冷水浸渍提取法、60℃水浴提取法和乙醇浸渍提取法分别对糖槭两种果实中不同极性的成分进行提取;采用试管预试法、纸色谱法和薄层色谱法对所提取的不同部位进行成分检测.结果:夏果与越冬果实均含有氨基酸、糖、黄酮、皂苷、香豆素、有机酸、鞣质等有效成分.结论:两种果实各类成分的种类和数目存在差异,但是都可以用于有效成分的提取分离,具有药用开发价值.     

CD4^＋CD25%＋FoxP3^＋调节性T细胞在肺癌患者体内检测及其意义

目的研究肺癌患者外周血和肿瘤组织CD4^＋CD25^＋FoxP3^＋调节性T细胞（Treg）的异常聚集,探讨其在肺癌患者体内调节免疫抑制作用。方法采用流式细胞术对28例肺癌患者的癌组织,相应的癌旁组织和外周血及15例正常志愿者外周血中CD4^＋CD25^＋FoxP3^＋调节性T细胞的检测。结果肺癌患者癌组织中CD4^＋CD25^＋FoxP3^＋调节性T细胞在CD4^＋T细胞中所占比例是（10．5±1．6）％;外周血中和癌旁组织表达分别是（5．2±2．1）％和（3．6±1．2）％,癌组织明显高于外周血和癌旁组织（P〈0．05）。肺癌患者外周血中Treg细胞（5．2±2．1）％明显高于志愿者（1．8±1．2）％。结论CD4^＋CD25^＋FoxP3^＋调节性T细胞在肺癌组织及外周血中高表达,促进了肿瘤的进一步恶化,在癌组织学分型上也存在明显差异,肺腺癌表达阳性较高,可以作为肺癌免疫治疗的靶点。