郑伟达从瘀毒论治肺癌经验探析

郑伟达教授认为癌症的主要病因是"瘀"加"毒",瘀中有毒,毒中有瘀,瘀毒互结是"瘀毒"的本质。"瘀毒证"是指恶性肿瘤,乃全身性疾病,手术治疗不能完全治愈,有可能复发并转移。肺癌多由正气内虚、邪毒互结所致,其病机包括瘀毒侵肺、痰湿内聚、正气内虚。肺癌临证可分四型诊治:瘀毒互结、阴虚毒热型;瘀毒互结、气阴两虚型;瘀毒互结、气阴两虚型;瘀毒互结、脾虚痰湿型。通过对郑教授运用瘀毒理论辨证施治治疗肺癌的常用方药及加减方法的经验总结,体现郑教授其学术思想。     

广西6005例急性中毒病例的毒物特点分析

目的 探讨广西地区引起急性中毒的毒物特点.方法 采用回顾性研究方法,收集广西36家市级医院、12家县级医院及15家乡镇卫生院共63家医院在2005年1月至2009年12月收治的急性中毒病例与毒物资料,用“毒物中毒年份分类法”对数据进行描述性分析.结果 532种毒物引起6005例急性中毒病例.将532种毒物按5年内出现的频次分为高发类(连续5年都出现)、低发类(连续2～4年出现)、新发类(仅出现1年)毒物3类,其毒物种数分别为54、158、320种(各占10.15％、29.70％、60.15％);高发、低发、新发3类毒物造成的中毒病例总数分别为4688、780、537例(各占78.07％、12.99％、8.94％),病例分布范围分别为8～ 837、2～ 25、1～69例;77.78％(42/54)的高发类毒物造成中毒的病例数在20例以上,89.87％(142/158)的低发类和98.75％ (316/320)的新发类毒物造成中毒的病例数在10例以下.5年的动态分析显示:高发、低发、新发类毒物中平均每种毒物出现的频次为5、2.6、1次;高发类毒物每年引起中毒的毒物数相同,低发、新发类毒物每年引起中毒的毒物数年均增长率分别为17.61％和20.10％,而病例分布的年均增长率分别为14.08％、16.53％、31.96％;平均每种毒物病例数的年均增长率分别为10.28％、1.13％、11.45％.结论 高发类毒物的出现数量最少,造成中毒的病例数最多,每种毒物引起中毒的病例数范围大,每年以每种毒物的病例数增加为特点;新发类毒物出现数量最多,造成中毒病例数最少,每种毒物引起中毒的病例数范围小,每年以毒物数与每种毒物的病例数增加为特点;低发类毒物的特点基本上处在高发和新发类毒物之间.     

Computerized gait analysis of Botulinum Toxin treatment in children with cerebral palsy

Purpose. Intramuscular botulinum toxin A (BTA) injection is a local reversible treatment with a wide range of therapeutic applications, including temporary reduction of spasticity. The aim of this work was a quantitative, computerized objective evaluation of BTA-induced improvement of the walking functional ability in a group of children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods. Fifteen children with CP and 20 healthy children were evaluated. All patients were equinus walkers without fixed contractures of triceps surae muscles and they were evaluated before and after about 1.5 months from BTA injections into the calf muscles. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by 3D computerized gait analysis.

Results. Data analysis revealed a significant improvement of equinus foot and ankle range of motion during gait after BTA injection. Positive effects were evident also at the knee joint as documented by the improvement of kinetics characteristics (moment and power).

Conclusions. Computerized gait analysis is a valid method for quantification of BTA effect on walking in children with CP, allowing a detailed evaluation of improvement at each joint and a quantitative evaluation of treatment outcome.     

清肝解毒注射液治疗大鼠实验性急性肝衰竭的研究

目的：研究清肝解毒注射液治疗大鼠急性肝衰竭（ＦＨＦ）的作用。方法：用Ｄ氨基半乳糖（Ｇａｌｎ）造成大鼠实验性ＦＨＦ，观察清肝解毒注射液对其存活率和肝功能的影响，并设肝细胞生长因子（ＨＧＦ）为对照。结果：清肝解毒注射液组（简称清肝组）大鼠存活率为６３．６４％，ＨＧＦ组和模型组分别为５９．０９％和２７．２７％，清肝组存活率明显高于模型组，Ｐ＜０．０５。该药还可降低ＦＨＦ大鼠ＡＬＴ、ＴＢｉｌ水平，提高ＴＣＨ活性，与模型组比较差异显著。结论：清肝解毒注射液对Ｇａｌｎ所致大鼠实验性ＦＨＦ有明显对抗作用     

Bacterial expression, purification and functional characterization of a recombinant chimeric Fab derived from murine mAb BCF2 that neutralizes the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius hoffmann.

The murine monoclonal antibody BCF2 is able to neutralize the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann. A chimeric Fab of BCF2 (chFab-BCF2) comprising the variable regions of murine BCF2 and human constant regions was assembled. chFab-BCF2 was expressed as a soluble and functional protein in the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli. An expression yield of 1 mg/l was reached by combination of late-log-phase induction, rich culture medium, low expression temperature and addition of sucrose (0.3 M) to the culture medium. The addition of sucrose induced secretion of 60% of the protein into the medium. After expression for 23 h, a novel process was used to release the remaining periplasmic protein in situ consisting in the addition of lysozyme and sucrose up to 0.6 M (20%) directly to the culture medium. chFab-BCF2 was recovered by ammonium sulfate precipitation and purified in a single step by affinity chromatography using anti-human anti-F(ab')(2) IgG coupled to Sepharose-proteinG. Pure chFab-BCF2 maintained a similar nanomolar affinity as BCF2 to its cognate antigen, the Na(+)-channel-affecting toxin Cn2. Recombinant chFab-BCF2 was able to neutralize Cn2 in vivo even at a molar ratio of 1:1, as well as the whole venom of C. noxius. Thus, it is a promising candidate to be used as a specific and efficient recombinant antidote against scorpion stings.     

伊凡露联合肉毒毒素在面部除皱术中的应用

目的:观察充填材料伊凡露结合肉毒毒素在面部除皱术中的临床应用效果.方法:首先将伊凡露注射于需要填充的皱纹部位,而后在皱纹附近标记点注射肉毒毒素.结果:共治疗69例,术后随访1～2年,满意率达89.6%,有效率达99%,疗效满意.结论:伊凡露联合肉毒毒素在面部除皱术中的应用,在美容外科领域有着非常好的应用前景.     

Expression of mRNAs coding for VAP1/crotastatin-like metalloproteases in the venom glands of three South American pit vipers assessed by quantitative real-time PCR

Snake venom metalloproteases encompass a large family of toxins, with approximately 200 members already catalogued, which exhibit a diversity of structures and biological functions. From this relatively large number, only a dozen examples of apoptosis-inducing metalloproteases, like VAP1 and 2 from the venom of Crotalus atrox, are known. Since most VAP1-like toxins ever characterized were purified from the venom of Viperidae species inhabiting diverse places on earth, we investigate the expression of VAP-like metalloproteases in the venom gland of three representative pit vipers of the Brazilian territory. By molecular cloning and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, using as calibrator gene the Crotalus durissus terrificus homolog of VAP1, named crotastatin, it is reported here that VAP1/crotastatin-like homologues in the venom gland of Bothrops atrox, C. d. cascavella and Lachesis m. rhombeata are expressed at different levels. Hence, batroxstatins, the crotastatin-like precursors from B. atrox, are expressed 87 times more than crotastatin-1, from C. d. cascavella, and 7.5-fold that lachestatins, from L. m. rhombeata. Moreover, in silico structural analysis of amino acid sequences indicates that batroxstatin-2, crotastatins and lachestatin-1 and -2 which share the archetypal motifs and metal- binding sites of VAP1, are subgrouped in a branch that comprises some apoptosis-inducing toxins.     

Contractility and ultrastructure of cardiac muscle of guinea pigs treated with diphtheria toxin

Summary The development of tension and the ultrastructure of cardiac papillary muscle of normal guinea pigs were compared to guinea pigs receiving lethal doses of diphtheria toxin. The maximal isometric force of the papillary muscles at various levels of resting tension indicated no significant difference between the control and the diphtheritic animals. Neither did the sarcomere lengths of papillary muscles, fixed at various levels of tension, show any Significant difference between these two groups. Electronmicroscopy in diphtheritic animals showed intact myofilaments but marked dilatation of theT andL system as well as pathologic fat deposits adjacent to the subsarcolemma and theT system. The results, therefore, suggest that diphtheria toxin acts on theT andL system, but does not affect structure and function of the myofilaments in the acute stage of diphtheria intoxication.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.Dedicated to Prof. W. Doerr on occasion of his 60th birthday.We wish to thank Mrs. K. Mews and Mr. H. Derks for their unfailing technical assistance. Behringwerke A.G., Marburg/Lahn, kindly gave us a supply of diphtheria toxin.     

A new killer toxin produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A wine-making Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain isolated in our laboratory produces two different killer toxins, each one encoded by one dsRNA plasmid. One toxin has the same specificity as the one produced by strain M437 described by Naumov, but the dsRNA plasmid which encodes it migrates slightly faster in poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The other toxin has not been previously described, and is encoded by a dsRNA fraction which migrates at a lower rate than the × fraction of M437. These two dsRNA plasmids can be maintained separately in different yeast strains.