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31.
Introduction
Hypertension is highly prevalent in black South Africans in which morbidity and mortality from stroke are on the increase. Elevated blood pressure and haemostatic markers can induce changes in blood rheology and endothelial function which could result in a procoagulant state that increases the risk for cerebrovascular disease. Information about the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems of people from African descent are limited. We therefore, investigated the haemostatic profile and its relationships with blood pressure in black South Africans.Materials and methods
We measured ambulatory blood pressure and haemostatic markers of 201 black and 208 white school teachers. The haemostatic markers included measurements representing coagulation and fibrinolysis (von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibrin D-dimer and clot lysis time).Results
Black participants displayed significantly higher blood pressure, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and D-dimer levels and longer clot lysis times (p ≤ 0.001). Single, partial and multiple regression analyses showed that systolic (p ≤ 0.011) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.010) correlated positively with D-dimer in black participants, while systolic (p ≤ 0.001) and daytime diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.011) correlated negatively with clot lysis time in white participants.Conclusion
The black population had a more prothrombotic profile, with higher levels of coagulation markers and inhibited fibrinolysis, than the white study participants. The positive association between blood pressure and elevated D-dimer in the blacks may contribute to the high prevalence of hypertension and related increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk in this group. 相似文献32.
Fröhlich GM Schoch B Schmid F Keller P Sudano I Lüscher TF Noll G Ruschitzka F Enseleit F 《International journal of cardiology》2012,154(3):328-332
Background
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) usually is not recognized until heart catheterization reveals typical wall motion abnormalities in the absence of significant coronary artery disease. It was our aim to identify TC by its unique cardiac biomarker profile at an early stage and, preferably, with non-invasive procedures only.Methods
Ratios of N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and myoglobin, NT-proBNP and troponin T (TnT), NT-proBNP and creatinekinase-MB (CK-MB) were compared in patients with TC (n = 39), patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, n = 48) and patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI, n = 34). Biomarkers were recorded serially at admission and at the three consecutive days. Optimal cut-off values to distinguish TC from STEMI and NSTEMI were calculated with receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.Results
At admission a NT-proBNP (ng/l)/myoglobin (μg/l) ratio of 3.8, distinguished TC from STEMI (sensitivity: 89%, specificity: 90%), while a NT-proBNP (ng/l)/myoglobin (μg/l) ratio of 14 separated well between TC and NSTEMI (sensitivity: 65%, specificity: 90%). Best differentiation of TC and ACS was possible with the ratio of peak levels of NT-proBNP (ng/l)/TnT (μg/l). A cut-off value of NT-proBNP (ng/l)/TnT (μg/l) ratio of 2889, distinguished TC from STEMI (sensitivity: 91%, specificity: 95%), while a NT-proBNP (ng/l)/TnT (μg/l) ratio of 5000 separated well between TC and NSTEMI (sensitivity: 83%, specificity: 95%).Conclusions
TC goes along with a singular cardiac biomarker profile, which might be useful to identify patients with TC among patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). 相似文献33.
34.
Influence of large molecular polymeric pigments (LMPP) isolated from fermented Zijuan tea on the activity and mRNA expression of key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in rat was explored. The results show that intragastric infusion of high-dose LMPP (1.215g/kg body weight) effectively suppressed the elevation in TC and LDL-C (p<0.05), and prevented the reduction in HDL-C (p<0.05), compared with the hyperlipidemia model group. LMPP significantly enhanced the activity of HL and HSL, and increased the HSL mRNA expression in the liver tissue and adipose tissue. High-LMPP treatment significantly reduced the HMG-CoA reductase expression by 56.5% in the liver compared with hyperlipidemia model group. In contrast, LDL-R expression was increased by 120% in the presence of high-LMPP treatment. These results suggest that LMPP have the hypolipidemic effect to some extent and significantly enhance HSL mRNA expression in the liver and adipose tissue, thereby increasing HSL activity in rat. 相似文献
35.
36.
H.-W. Zhang X. Zhao Y.-L. Guo Y. Gao C.-G. Zhu N.-Q. Wu J.-J. Li 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2018,28(10):980-986
Background and aims
The role of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] in coronary artery diseases (CAD) with special clinical background such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been fully determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation of Lp(a) to type 2 diabetic patients with or without CAD.Methods and results
A total of 2040 consecutive patients with T2DM who received selective coronary angiography (CAG) due to angina-like chest pain were enrolled. The patients were subsequently divided into CAD and non-CAD groups according to the results of CAG. The severity of CAD was evaluated by the Gensini Score (GS), number of stenotic vessels, and history of myocardial infarction (MI). Data showed that Lp(a) levels were higher in the CAD group than in the non-CAD group (median: 15.00 mg/dL vs. 11.88 mg/dL, P = 0.025). The results from CAD subgroup analysis indicated that the patients with MI, multiple-vessel disease and high GS had higher Lp(a) levels compared with those in their matched subgroups (P < 0.05, respectively). After adjustment for confounders, Lp(a) levels were independently related to the presence and severity of CAD (CAD:OR = 1.564; MI:OR = 1.523; high GS:OR = 1.388; multiple-vessel disease:OR = 1.455; P < 0.05, respectively).Conclusion
Elevated Lp(a) levels were independently associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with T2DM. More studies are necessary to confirm our findings. 相似文献37.
《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2014,24(1):75-82
Background and aimsThe Mediterranean diet has been recognised as having a protective role on the cardiovascular system due to its low lipid and high antioxidant content. Lipid profile and oxidant status represent two important risk factors related to endothelial dysfunction, even at early stages of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of a 12-month Mediterranean diet on the variation of lipid profile and carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) in pre-pubertal hypercholesterolaemic children.Methods and resultsWe performed a cross-sectional study comparing lipid profile and cIMT in a group of 68 pre-pubertal children (36 with hypercholesterolaemia and 32 controls). In addition, in the hypercholesterolaemic children a 12-month intervention programme with a Mediterranean diet was started to evaluate the variation of lipid profile and cIMT. At baseline, hypercholesterolaemic children showed a significantly higher cIMT (both right and left carotid artery) compared to controls (both p < 0.05). After 12 months of diet intervention, a significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and cIMT was documented (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, at the end of follow-up, delta body mass index-Standard Deviation score and delta LDL-cholesterol were significantly and independently related to the changes of cIMT (both p < 0.05).ConclusionThe Mediterranean diet represents a valid approach in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia even during childhood. 相似文献
38.
《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2014,24(1):91-99
Background and aimsKiwifruit has the potential to improve markers of metabolic dysfunction, but the response may be influenced by inflammatory state. We aimed to investigate whether inflammatory state would modulate the effect of consuming two green kiwifruit daily on plasma lipids and markers of inflammation.Methods and resultsEighty-five hypercholesterolaemic men completed a 4-week healthy diet run-in, before randomisation to a controlled cross-over study of two 4-week interventions of two green kiwifruit/day plus healthy diet (intervention) or healthy diet alone (control). Anthropometric measures and fasting blood samples (plasma lipids, serum apolipoproteins A1 and B, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10) were taken at baseline, 4 and 8 weeks. Subjects were divided into low and medium inflammatory groups, using pre-intervention hs-CRP concentrations (hs-CRP <1 and 1–3 mg/L, respectively).In the medium inflammatory group the kiwifruit intervention resulted in significant improvements in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (mean difference 0.08 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.12] mmol/L [P < 0.001]), total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (−0.29 [−0.45, −0.14] mmol/L [P = 0.001]), plasma hs-CRP (−22.1 [−33.6, −4.97]% [P = 0.01]) and IL-6 (−43.7 [−63.0, −14.1]% [P = 0.01]) compared to control treatment. No effects were seen in the low inflammatory group. There were significant between inflammation group differences for TC/HDL-C (P = 0.02), triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C (P = 0.05), and plasma IL-6 (P = 0.04).ConclusionsInflammatory state modulated responses to the kiwifruit intervention by improving inflammatory markers and lipid profiles in subjects with modestly elevated CRP, suggesting this group may particularly benefit from the regular consumption of green kiwifruit.Registered 16th March 2010, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (no. ACTRN12610000213044), www.ANZCTR.org.au. 相似文献
39.
目的观察化痰降浊汤对高脂血症患者血脂的影响。方法选取60例患者,予化痰降浊汤口服(药物组成:泽泻15 g,山楂10 g,陈皮20 g。水煎取汁150 mL。消毒,灭菌,4℃保存备用),1次/d,连续30 d。结果服用化痰降浊汤后,总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇指标均下降,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇指标上调。结论化痰降浊汤具有调节血脂的作用。 相似文献
40.
The objective of this study was to establish whether healthy persons have effusions detectable by ultrasonography (US) in
metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and talocrural (TC) joints. Fifty consecutive healthy persons without symptoms in ankles and feet
were studied. Thirty-eight of them were women, and their mean age was 47.4 (range 23–62) years. Eighteen of the 500 MTP joints
studied in nine persons and four of the 100 TC joints in three persons showed effusions upon investigation. One person had
effusion in five MTP joints, one in four, two in two, and the remaining five in one MTP joint. None of the studied joints
yielded pathological findings in Doppler US examination. These results indicate that the detection of effusion by grayscale
US in the absence of Doppler US in MTP and TC joints can be found in healthy persons. 相似文献