枸橼酸西地那非片治疗男性勃起功能障碍有效性及安全性评价

目的：评价枸椽酸西地那非片治疗男性勃起功能障碍的有效性及安全性。方法：采用多中心、随机双盲、安慰剂平行对照、剂量视情增减的设计方案，240名受试在4周筛选期后进入8周的治疗期，在筛选期及研究结束时填写国际勃起功能问卷（International Index of Erectile Function，IIEF）。研究根据受试记事表、IIEF和总评题对受试进行疗效评价。结果：主要疗效指标临床总有效率西地那非组为83.33%，安慰剂组25.00%，西地那非对心理性、器质性和混合性勃起功能障碍的有效率分别为70.83%、80.00%、89.39%。总评题：西地那非组有88.03%的受试认为研究药物改善了其勃起功能，安慰剂组24.58%。受试记事表显示：西地那非组受试的性生活成功率为77.77%，安慰剂组24.17%，不良反应发生率西地那非组30.83%，安慰剂组8.33%，表现为轻度和短暂的面部潮红、头晕、头痛、鼻塞、口干及消化道不适。仅一名受试因不良反应而终止研究。结论：枸椽酸西地那非片为一种安全、有效的治疗男性勃起功能障碍的药物。     

西地那非联合帕罗西汀治疗难治性早泄

目的评价两地那非联合帕罗西汀治疗难治性早泄的临床疗效。方法评估指标：早泄指数(PE) 0～8分(没有=0分,几乎每次=8分),阴道内射精潜伏期评分(1VELT评分)0～3分(超过5min=0分,小于lmin=3分),并记录配偶性交满意频度(SSR)。本组共28例,口服帕罗西汀片剂20mg,每天1次,连续4周为1疗程,性交前2～3h口服两地那非50mg；疗程共3次(持续约4月余),全部病例完成用药并获随访。用药前及3月后分别评估病人早泄指数、IVELT评分,记录阴道内射精潜伏时间和配偶性交满意频度。结果治疗前早泄指数平均为5．69±0．13,IVELT评分为2．81±0．21,治疗后早泄指数平均为1．77±0．22,IVELT为0．16±0．36。治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．01)。早泄改善者共26例,总有效率为92．86%,其中22例(78．26%)显效。不良反应未经特殊处理自动缓解。结论两地那非与帕罗西汀联合应用能明显改善难治性早泄患者的临床症状。     

Clinical and haemodynamic effects of sildenafil in pulmonary hypertension: acute and mid-term effects.

AIM: The treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension remains a challenge. We set out to investigate the use of sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5, in patients with this disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ten patients (8 females, mean age 34.5+/-3.3 years) with pulmonary hypertension underwent right heart catheterisation with vasodilator testing using incremental doses of intravenous sildenafil without adverse events. All patients were subsequently commenced on oral sildenafil 50 mg t.d.s. Nine patients had repeat right heart catheterisation 3 months after the commencement of oral therapy. There was a significant reduction in mean pulmonary artery pressure (from 55.8+/-5.9 to 50.4+/-6.1 mmHg, p=0.038 ) and pulmonary vascular resistance (from 10.1+/-1.7 to 8.6+/-1.5 Wood units, p=0.009 ), and an increase in cardiac output (from 4.7+/-0.3 to 5.0+/-0.4 l/min, p=0.15 ). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the 6-minute walk test, a mean of 112 m. In response to a quality-of-life questionnaire, patients indicated marked clinical improvement on sildenafil. Sildenafil was discontinued in 1 patient due to a transient visual disturbance. The only patient previously awaiting transplantation was removed from the active transplantation list. CONCLUSIONS: Sildenafil is well tolerated in its intravenous and oral forms and appears to improve both pulmonary haemodynamics and the clinical status of patients with pulmonary hypertension after 3 months of oral therapy.     

高频震荡通气联合西地那非治疗新生儿持续肺动脉高压

目的探讨高频震荡通气（HFOV）联合西地那非对新生儿持续肺动脉高压（PPHN）的治疗效果。方法诊断PPHN新生儿34例,17例接受高频震荡通气（HFOV）治疗,17例接受高频震荡通气（HFOV）联合西地那非治疗,比较两组肺动脉平均血流速度、心输出量、心率、血压、经皮血氧,治疗前后吸入氧浓度（FiO2）、动脉血氧分压（PaO,）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO：）及氧合指数（OI）的变化。结果治疗前及治疗6、12、24和48h,HFOV联合西地那非治疗组肺动脉血流速度分别为（17．1±8．3）、（26．5±9．7）、（28．6±5．4）、（31．5±5．1）和（31．7±3．8）cm／s,01分另n为（36．4±17．5）、（23．9±7．5）、（17．9±8．2）、（13．3±2．8）和（10．2±4．1）,Pa02／Fi02值分别为（56．8±5．7）、（175．3士7．6）、（210．5±9．7）、（250．3±8．2）和（310．7±10．8）;HFOV组肺动脉血流速度分别为（17．5±8．1）、（21．1±7．3）、（22．5±6．9）、（23．3±5．8）和（24．1±3．3）cm／s,01分别为（34．3±16．5）、（31．5±11．6）、（28．6±7．5）、（19．5±6．1）和（16．8±7．8）,Pa02／E02值分别为（60．2±6．8）、（113．2±19．7）、（153．6±12．6）、（191．3±9．4）和（265．3±8．5）;两组上述3项指标治疗各时间点与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义;而两组心输出量、心率和血压与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义。HFOV联合西地那非治疗组的肺动脉血流速度、Pa02、Pa02／EO：值在各个时间点均高于HFOV组,而0I低于单纯HFOV治疗组,差异有统计学意义。结论HFOV联合西地那非治疗新生儿PPHN疗效显著,不良反应少,值得临床推广。     

The Effect of Sildenafil on an Animal Model for Ischemic Colitis

Introduction Sildenafil both enhances vasodilatation by relaxing the smooth muscle in the vessels and inhibits platelet aggregation. We have therefore examined the potential benefits of sildenafil on an animal model for ischemic colitis (IC). Methods Twenty-eight female Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300 g were randomized into three experimental groups as follows: in Group 1, animals were sham operated (n = 8) and received tap water; in Groups 2 and 3, the rats underwent a standardized surgical procedure to induce IC (n = 10 in each group). Group 2 animals served as the controls, receiving only tap water, while Group 3 animals received 10 mg/kg sildenafil per day as a single dose for a 3-day period. All animals were sacrificed 72 h after devascularization. To determine the severity of the ischemia, we scored the macroscopically visible damage, measured the ischemic area and scored the histopathology. Tissue malondialdehyde levels were also evaluated. Results The mean area of ischemic changes were 116.80 ± 189.93 and 0.55 ± 1.01 mm² in Group 2 and 3 animals, respectively (p = 0.0001), while the macroscopically mean visible damage score decreased to 0.66 ± 0.70 (p = 0.0001) for Group 3 animals. The Chiu scores were 0.00, 3.80 ± 0.91 and 2.66 ± 1.00 in Group 1, 2 and 3 animals, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between Group 2 and 3 animals (p = 0.017). Conclusions Our findings support the view that sildenafil leads to a improvement in IC due to its well-known effects on the vascular smooth muscle and on the microcirculatory hemodynamics.     

西地那非在肺动脉高压中的应用

西地那非是5′磷酸二酯酶的选择性抑制剂,通过抑制5′磷酸二酯酶,进而增加了环磷鸟苷的浓度,而达到扩张肺血管的作用。西地那非能降低肺动脉高压。     

枸橼酸西地那非片治疗勃起功能障碍176例的临床观察

目的　评价西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍 (ED)的安全性和有效性。方法　 176例诊断为 ED的病人 ,平均年龄 4 0 .5 9± 12 .4 0岁。根据患者需要 ,性生活前约 1小时口服枸橼酸西地那非片 (万艾可 ) 5 0～ 10 0 mg,疗程 1～ 3月。评估患者勃起功能改善的总体疗效及满意程度 ,并比较治疗前后国际勃起功能指数评分 - 5 (IIEF- 5 )。结果　共 16 6例患者完成治疗及随访。总体疗效评估勃起功能改善者共 139例 ,有效率为 83.73%。治疗满意者在勃起功能改善者中达5 1.80 %。 16 6例患者治疗前 IIEF- 5评分平均为 11.13± 3.70分 ,治疗后 17.71± 4 .4 7分 ,两者间差异显著。发生不良反应共 4 2例 (2 5 .30 % ) ,均为轻、中度 ,未经特殊处理自行缓解。结论　枸橼酸西地那非片是治疗各种病因、不同程度勃起功能障碍安全有效的口服药物     

长期小剂量西地那非治疗难治性勃起功能障碍的初步研究(附37例报告)

目的探讨长期、小剂量两地那非治疗难治性勃起功能障碍(ED)的机制。方法回顾性分析2004年12月至2005年10月间我院门诊收治的37例难治性ED患者临床资料。结果37例患者都完成了6周小剂量两地那非治疗。服药2周后勃起功能改善明显。第6周完成治疗后疗效满意,34例(91．89％)患者IIEF- 5评分、勃起硬度达到正常;停药后第2周及第6周复诊,33例患者疗效维持,4例稍有下降。结论长期服用小剂量西地那非治疗难治性ED患者疗效良好,其机制仍待探讨、证实。     

Relaxation and cyclic GMP levels in response to sildenafil in human pulmonary arteries from donors

We measured cyclic GMP formation and relaxation response to sildenafil given either alone or in combination with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in pulmonary arteries obtained from 13 multi-organ donors. Sildenafil (10^− 9–10^− 4 M) caused concentration-dependent relaxations and amplified the relaxation induced by SNP. Relaxation was unaffected by endothelium removal or by pre-treatment with the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase L-NMMA (10^− 4 M). SNP (10^− 7 M) caused elevation of cyclic GMP levels that was potentiated by sildenafil (10^− 6 M). Thus, the enhancement of SNP-induced relaxation by sildenafil is mainly due to an increase in cyclic GMP accumulation.