HCV高变区合成多肽的抗原性研究

目的：通过计算机同源模建，寻找丙型肝炎病毒高变区（HCV HVR1）中保护性多肽抗原表位。方法：计算机同源模建，预测多肽的抗原性，然后用淋巴细胞转化的方法验证其抗原性，结果：同源模建与实验结果一致，多肽抗原性有待进一步的提高。结论：同源模建是一种高效寻找具有保护性抗原多肽的经济快速方法。     

Antigenicity of the HCV HVR1 Peptide Analyzed by Computer Modeling

It is important to develop the HCV vaccines in China, be cause 11% 14% of patients with acute and choric hepati tis in this country are infected by HCV, and most of themare infected with Ⅱ/1b and Ⅲ/2a[1]. There are evi dences to indicate that a high variable region 1 (HVR1)exists in the terminal of E2 protein and contains some lin ear epitopes of B cells. Anti HCV antibodies can protectthe sensitive cells from infection by HCV[2 4]. We in tended to get some evidences for designing so…     

Cardiorespiratory and thermal effects of wearing gas protective clothing

Summary Six healthy men aged 25 to 37 walked on a treadmill at work levels of 21 and 41% of their for 25 to 30 min wearing gas protective clothing (GPC) consisting of an impermeable suit with a self-contained breathing apparatus (total weight 25 kg) or shorts (control tests, CT) in a temperate environment (t _a 24.3°C ± 1.0°C, rh 30–50%). When the GPC was worn at 21 and 41% , the most prominent increases, compared with the CT, were noted in the heart rate ( ± SE, 120 ± 5 vs 76 ± 3 beats min^–1 and 171 ± 5 vs 103 ± 3 beats min^–1), mean skin temperature (36.1 ± 0.2 vs 31.3° C ± 0.1°C and 36.9 ± 0.3 vs 30.9°C ± 0.4°C) and sweat rate (473 ± 51 vs 70 ± 23 g m^–2 h^–1 and 766 ± 81 vs 135 ± 18 g m^–2 h^–1) indicating a high cardiovascular and thermoregulatory strain, which was not decreased by ventilating the suit with an air flow of 281 min^–1 at 41% . The ventilation, oxygen consumption and production of carbon dioxide increased in relation to the extra weight of the GPC, partly dependent on the dynamic work level. It was concluded that the increase in the physiological load caused by the GPC was so high that the work-rest regimens, workers' level of physical fitness, cardiovascular health and heat tolerance should be considered whenever gas protective clothing is used.     

2016—2021年南阳市献血人群梅毒流行特征 及趋势分析

摘 要：目的：研究甘肃省靖远县乙型病毒性肝炎 （简称乙肝） 母婴传播阻断措施的实施情况及效果,为进一步探索乙 肝防控策略、制订乙肝防控措施提供建议。方法：调查2016年10月1日—2017年10月31日期间靖远县所有助产机构入院分 娩的乙型肝炎表面抗原 （HBsAg） 阳性产妇所生的新生儿,并对新生儿进行随访,检测其HBsAg 和乙型肝炎表面抗体 （HB? sAb）。结果：研究共纳入 HBsAg 阳性住院产妇所生新生儿 131 名,其在出生 24 h 内全部进行了乙肝免疫球蛋白 （HBIG） 和乙肝疫苗首针 （HepB1） 接种。新生儿乙肝病毒指尖血检测结果显示,HBsAg 阳性者 1 人,母婴阻断失败率为 0.76% （1/131）;HBsAb阳性者 101人,母婴阻断成功率为 77.10% （101/131）;HBsAg和 HBsAb全部阴性者 29人,母婴阻断成功但 免疫失败率为22.14% （29/131）。结论：乙肝疫苗联合免疫球蛋白阻断乙肝母婴传播措施实施情况较好,阻断HBsAg 阳性母 亲垂直传播乙肝病毒效果显著。     

Comparison of the PROMIS Preference Score (PROPr) and EQ-5D-5L Index Value in General Population Samples in the United Kingdom,France, and Germany

ObjectivesThe Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Preference score (PROPr) can be used to assess health state utility (HSU) and estimate quality-adjusted life-years in cost-effectiveness analyses. It is based on item response theory and promises to overcome limitations of existing HSU scores such as ceiling effects. The PROPr contains 7 PROMIS domains: cognitive abilities, depression, fatigue, pain, physical function, sleep disturbance, and ability to participate in social roles and activities. We aimed to compare the PROPr with the 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) in terms of psychometric properties using data from 3 countries.MethodsWe collected PROMIS-29 profile and EQ-5D-5L data from 3 general population samples (United Kingdom = 1509, France = 1501, Germany = 1502). Given that cognition is not assessed by the PROMIS-29, it was predicted by the recommended linear regression model. We compared the convergent validity, known-groups construct validity, and ceiling and floor effects of the PROPr and EQ-5D-5L.ResultsThe mean PROPr (0.48, 0.53, 0.48; P<.01) and EQ-5D-5L scores (0.82, 0.85, 0.83; P<.01) showed significant differences of similar magnitudes (d = 0.34; d = 0.32; d = 0.35; P<.01) across all samples. The differences were invariant to sex, income, occupation, education, and most conditions but not for age. The Pearson correlation coefficients between both scores were r = 0.74, r = 0.69, and r = 0.72. PROPr’s ceiling and floor effects both were minor to moderate. The EQ-5D-5L’s ceiling (floor) effects were major (negligible).ConclusionsBoth the EQ-5D-5L and the PROPr assessed by the PROMIS-29 show high validity. The PROPr yields considerably lower HSU values than the EQ-5D-5L. Consequences for quality-adjusted life-year measurements should be investigated in future research.     

致肝损伤中药的减毒措施及肝损伤的中药防治作用

中药在疾病预防和治疗的过程中发挥重大作用,但部分中药在临床的长期应用过程中,给人体带来的不良反应也逐渐显现出来,肝损伤属于其中之一。肝损伤也是中药新药研发过程中作为临床安全用药的重要检查项目,已成为众多上市药物退出市场的重要原因。随着对中药临床用药安全性的关注增加,关于中药肝损伤研究日益增多,大多数研究集中于中药或者中药成分的肝脏损伤研究。为了提高中药的安全性,该文总结了部分致肝损伤中药的物质基础和机制及降低中药肝损伤的措施,包括减少给药剂量和疗程,改变给药途径,改变药物剂型,药物配伍和炮制等方法;此外该文还总结了防治各种诱导物诱发肝损伤的单体中药、中药复方和中药成分及防治肝损伤的生物效应和作用机制。结合现代致肝损伤中药的减毒研究,提出明确致肝损伤中药的安全剂量和“毒-效”界限,明确减毒措施的减毒机制及确定致肝损伤中药的毒性物质基础,为致肝损伤中药的临床应用提供安全性保障;结合中药防治肝损伤的研究,提出加强中药防治肝损伤的临床研究的同时,利用现代科学技术“从局部到整体”来阐释中药复方防治肝损伤的科学内涵,进而为临床防治肝损伤提供科学依据。     

恶性肿瘤合并静脉血栓栓塞症患者危险因素分析

目的：分析恶性肿瘤合并静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）患者的危险因素。方法：选取2020年1月至2022年1月陆军第73集团军医院进行治疗的133例恶性肿瘤患者,对患者一般资料进行回顾性分析,比较恶性肿瘤组患者及恶性肿瘤合并VTE组患者一般资料,通过多因素logistic回归分析明确恶性肿瘤合并VTE的危险因素,比较两组患者1年死亡率。结果：两组患者肿瘤分期、冠心病、化疗、合并感染、激素治疗、中心静脉置管构成比及纤维蛋白原（FIB）、D–二聚体（D–D）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、血管性血友病因子（vWF）水平比较,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）;多因素logistic回归分析结果表明肿瘤分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、有冠心病、有化疗、有感染、有激素治疗及有中心静脉置管、血浆D–D水平高为恶性肿瘤合并VTE危险因素,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,肿瘤分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、有冠心病、有化疗、有感染、有激素治疗及有中心静脉置管、血浆D–D水平高为恶性肿瘤合并VTE危险因素（P <0.05）;恶性肿瘤合并VTE组患者1年死亡率明显高于恶性肿瘤组...     

急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血治疗的护理

目的研究分析急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血治疗的护理效果。方法选择我院于2019年3月—2020年12月内收治的360例急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者,将所有患者按照随机数表方法,分为对照组(180例,进行基础性护理干预)和观察组(180例,进行细节性护理干预)。对两组患者在护理完成后的效果进行收集和分析。结果对照组患者在采取常规护理方法干预后,其消化道功能恢复时间与住院时间分别为(6.84±1.24)d、(9.26±2.18)d;观察组患者在采取个性化护理方式干预后,消化道功能恢复时间与住院时间分别为(4.48±0.87)d、(6.05±1.24)d。两组相比较,观察组住院时间较短、消化道功能恢复较快,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在胃镜下治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者给予细节性护理干预能够提高手术效果,减少住院时间,加快病情恢复。     

优质护理对老年支气管哮喘患者生活质量影响分析研究

目的探讨优质护理对老年支气管哮喘患者生活质量的影响。方法摘选2018年9月-2019年9月期间,医院接收的老年支气管哮喘病例78例,依据随机化分组,获对照组(共39例)、试验组(共39例)。对照组先予常规性护理,而试验组在常规性护理中应用优质护理,比较两组所得的结果。结果对照组的满意度为82.05%,试验组患者满意度为97.44%,χ²=4.1235,P<0.05。试验组患者角色功能、生活自理能力、情绪状况、社会适应能力评分分别为(82.33±4.36)分、(82.33±5.36)分、(82.18±3.58)分、(77.43±3.87)分,对照组患者角色功能、生活自理能力、情绪状况、社会适应能力评分分别为(76.28±3.69)分、(69.36±1.88)分、(72.37±4.22)分、(67.21±2.97)分,t=6.1854、6.5455、5.4845、6.2170,P<0.05。结论优质护理对老年支气管哮喘患者生活质量有显著影响,经优质护理后,患者的满意度大大提高,生活质量得到了极大改善,能够获得更为理想的效果,促进其疾病康复。     

Musculoskeletal injury survivors’ resiliency: A systematic review

BackgroundMusculoskeletal traumas are on the rise in the United States; however, limited studies are available to help trauma providers assess and treat concerns beyond the physical impact. Little is understood about the psychological, social, and spiritual factors that protect patients from adverse effects after a physical trauma or their experiences with each factor afterward.ObjectiveThis systematic review was conducted to investigate and review advancements in research related to risk and resiliency factors experienced by survivors of traumatic musculoskeletal injuries. The use of biopsychosocial-spiritual (BPS–S) framework and resiliency theory guided the analysis.MethodsResearchers reviewed 1003 articles, but only seven met the search criteria. Due to the complexity and uniqueness of traumatic brain injuries, studies on that target population were excluded.ResultsOf the seven articles reviewed, three identified psychological protective factors that protect against negative health outcomes; three identified negative psychological, social, or spiritual outcomes; and none investigated social or spiritual health.ConclusionsThere are significant gaps in the literature surrounding risk and resiliency factors related to the BPS-S health of musculoskeletal injury survivors.