2004年和2005年鲁东大学女教职工妇科查体结果分析

目的通过2004年和2005年本校女教职工妇科查体结果的分析，发现女教职工中未被识别的疾病与致病因子，从而达到防病、治病的目的。通过两年查体结果的分析比较，进一步说明高校女教职工定期进行妇科查体的必要性。方法收集、整理2004年和2005年两年的妇科查体结果，并对不同年龄组的患病率进行分析、比较，查找原因。结果两年的查体结果表明，2005年各年龄段妇科疾病的发病率明显较2004年低，经卡方比较，差异有显著性。结论对女教职工实施定期的妇科查体，对及旱发现妇科疾病、及时进行适当的治疗、保障女教职工的身体健康起了重要作用。     

心理干预对行体外受精病人的影响

体外受精(IVF)治疗对不育夫妇既是一种生理负担又是一种心理负担,在IVF各个时期均表现出心理应激,其中胚胎移植后至妊娠试验前和IVF失败后应激最强,出现负性心理反应,以焦虑、抑郁多见。研究表明,通过心理干预能有效缓解患者的负性心理,并可能提高妊娠率和降低治疗中断率。     

4110例肝炎分型分析

[目的]探讨各型肝炎的感染率。[方法]研究对象为我院住院及门诊患者，共计4110例。采用微粒子酶免分析法（MEIA）及酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）进行肝炎分型（甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、庚肝）检测。[结果]4110例受检者中，单纯乙肝感染者133例，占3．24％；单纯丙肝感染者134例，占3．26％；单纯戊肝感染者2例，占0．05％；乙肝合并丙肝感染者3例，占0．07％；丙肝合并戊肝感染者1例，占0．02％；HAV、HDV、HGV无一例感染，感染率为0。另外，男性受检者2088人，乙肝感染者88人，占4．21％；丙肝感染者48人，占2．30％；女性受检者2022人，乙肝感染45人，占2．23％；丙肝感染86人，占4．25％。[结论]除丙肝外，各型感染率均低于全国平均感染率，与相关资料报道相差甚远。乙肝及丙肝仍以单纯感染多见。另，本组资料还显示，男性较女性更易感染乙肝病毒，而女性感染丙肝者远远高于男性，对于丙肝感染的性别差异，尚无报道，需进一步探讨。     

老年患者两种浅静脉穿刺方法比较

目的探讨老年患者最佳静脉穿刺方法。方法随机选择400例60岁以上心血管疾病患者,分别采取正面和侧面穿刺方法,分析不同穿刺方法对穿刺成功率、耗时数、疼痛度的影响。结果正面穿刺比侧面穿刺成功率高(P<0.05);正面穿刺较侧面穿刺疼痛度低(P<0.05);正面穿刺耗时数与侧面穿刺相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年患者血管硬化、弹性下降,适合采用浅静脉正面穿刺。     

广州地区无偿献血人群人类疱疹病毒8型血清流行病学调查

目的：了解广州地区无偿献血者HHV-8的感染情况，为制定预防策略提供依据。方法：采用ELISA法检测3135名无偿献血者血浆HHV-8IgG抗体。结果：3135名献血者中6名血浆标本被检出HHV-8IgG抗体阳性，均为汉族、男性献血员，总阳性率为0．19％。不同年龄和性别组HHV-8感染率差异无统计学意义。结论：广州地区无偿献血人群HHV-8的感染率较低。     

Cause-specific and total mortality in the Canterbury (New Zealand) insulin-treated Diabetic Registry population: a 15-year follow-up study.

AIMS: To establish all-cause and cause-specific death rates, and risk factors for mortality in insulin-treated diabetic individuals living in the province of Canterbury, New Zealand. METHODS: Insulin-treated diabetic subjects (n = 995) on the Canterbury Diabetes Registry were followed up over 15 years and vital status determined. Death rates were standardized and hazard regression was used to model the effects of demographic covariates on relative survival time. RESULTS: There were 419 deaths in 11 226.3 person-years of follow-up with a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-2.2). Relative mortality was greatest for the group aged 0-29 years (SMR 3.0 (95% CI 2.4-3.7)). After controlling for diabetes duration and gender, a 10-year increment in age of onset was associated with a 33% decrease in relative hazard (95% CI 29-36%), indicating that excess mortality due to diabetes declines with rising age of onset. After controlling for age of onset and gender, each 10-year increment in duration of diabetes is associated with a 26% decrease in relative hazard (95% CI 24-29%), indicating that with longer survival the mortality hazard approaches the general population hazard. Relative mortalities were increased for cardiovascular, renal and respiratory disease, but not malignancy. Relative mortality from acute metabolic complications was increased in the subgroup with age of onset of diabetes < 30 years and requiring insulin within 1 year of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality rates are high for insulin-treated diabetic individuals relative to the general population.     

广龙昊膏药对大鼠腰椎间盘突出模型细胞因子IL-1、NO及组织胺的影响

为探讨IL-1、NO及组织胺在腰椎间盘突出中的作用及广龙昊膏药的治疗效果，将60只大鼠造模并随机分为正常组（A组）、造模组（B组）、广龙昊膏药组（C组）和奇正止痛膏组（D组），观察其神经根周围局部组织中IL-1、NO及组织胺的含量。结果显示，B组中的IL-1、NO及组织胺较A组显著升高（P〈0．01）。C组、D组较B组明显下降（P〈0．01）。表明大鼠腰椎间盘突出模型中细胞因子IL-1、NO及组织胺明显增加可能是腰椎间盘突出中的潜在始动或促进因素，而C组能显著降低神经根局部中IL-1、NO及组织胺的含量，说明广龙昊膏药作用部分是通过抑制炎性细胞因子的活性实现的。     

Stereoselectivity of actions of the calcium sensitizer [+]-EMD 60263 and its enantiomer [-]-EMD 60264

The thiadiazinone derivative [+]-EMD 60263 ((+)-5-(1-(α-ethylimino-3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquinoline-6-yl)-6-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-1,3,4 -thiadiazine-2-on) is a Ca²⁺-sensitizing agent with only minor phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity. Our aim was to characterize the inotropic and electrophysiological effects of [+]-EMD 60263 and its enantiomer [-]-EMD 60264 in several cardiac muscle preparations. The Ca²⁺-sensitizing activity resided in the [+]-enantiomer only. [+]-EMD 60263 (3 μM) shifted the EC₅₀ of Ca²⁺ for contractile activation of skinned fibers of pig heart from 2.41 μM to 0.73 μM, whereas [-]-EMD 60264 (30 μM) was ineffective. In Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts, [+]-EMD 60263 and [-]-EMD 60264 induced concentration-dependent positive and negative inotropic effects, respectively; both enantiomers reduced spontaneous heart rate but did not influence perfusion pressure. The maximum increase in force of human atrial trabeculae was 35 % of pre-drug control with [+]-EMD 60263 in comparison to 113 % with forskolin. In guinea-pig papillary muscles, [+]-EMD 60263 and [-]-EMD 60264 had opposite inotropic responses, however, both agents similarly prolonged action potential duration. Both enantiomers concentration-dependently blocked the rapidly activating component I_Kr of the delayed rectifier in guinea-pig myocytes. The block saturated at potentials positive to +30 mV, closely resembling the effects of the antiarrhythmic agent E-4031 which had been originally used to define I_Kr. It is concluded, that the positive inotropic action of [+]-EMD 60263 can be explained by prevalence of the Ca²⁺-sensitizing effect. The accompanying prolongation in action potential duration is caused by block of the I_Kr component of the delayed rectifier. While the inotropic effects are stereoselective, most of the electrophysiological actions are clearly independent of sterical configuration. The combination of Ca²⁺-sensitizing with class-III antiarrhythmic action may provide an interesting pharmacological profile of potential therapeutic use. Received: 7 January 1997 / Accepted: 25 February 1997