实验性犬心肌梗塞和溶栓后再闭塞时血浆中GMP—140,TXB2的变化

本文采用放免法测定实验性犬心肌梗塞和溶栓后再闭塞时血浆中ＧＭＰ－１４０、ＴＸＢ２、６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α的含量变化，并探讨其与心肌梗塞溶栓后再闭塞的关系。结果表明，在血栓形成时血浆中ＴＸＡ２稳定代谢产物ＴＸＢ２水平显著升高（ｐ〈０．０５），在溶栓后再闭塞率高（８７．５％）的非治疗组（Ｂ组）。在溶栓后４小时至溶栓后３天期间呈进行性升高（ｐ〈０．０１），而在再 埘经低（１６．７％）的ＡＰＩ０１３４治疗组（     

血小板活化因子受体拮抗剂的抗内毒素肝损伤作用研究

本文研究了血小板活化因子受体拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１及ＢＮ５０７３９的抗大鼠内毒素肝损伤的作用。结果表明ＢＮ５２０２１及ＢＮ５０７３９能使内毒素所致的肝线粒体膜磷脂降解及溶血磷脂的聚集，脂质过氧化反应的增强以及机体抗氧化能力的降低得到明显改善，提示ＢＮ５２０２１及ＢＮ５０７３９是两种强有效的抗内毒素肝损伤的药物，用于内毒素肝损伤的治疗。     

Tourmaline纤维抑制高黏血症家兔血小板聚集的实验研究

目的 研究Tourmaline纤维对高黏血症家兔血小板聚集的影响。方法 用静脉注射高分子右旋糖酐(MW>140000)的方法复制高黏血症家兔模型,测定应用Tourmaline纤维(实验组,n=6)及对照纤维(对照组,n=6)前后血小板聚集率(1分钟聚集率A1和最大聚集率Amax)的变化。并分析TXA_2水平的变化与血小板Amax间的相关关系。结果 与对照组比,实验组高黏血症家兔在应用Tourmaline纤维后6、12h血小板A1和Amax明显降低,与应用前比,差异有显著意义(P<0.05),12h时TXA_2降低与A-max间呈显著负相关(r=-0.94),24h无显著差异(与对照组比)。结论 使用Tourmaline纤维6h和12h后,高黏血症家兔的血小板聚集明显被抑制,此作用与血浆TXA_2的降低相关。     

不同剂量阿托伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者体内炎症反应、血小板活性及纤溶活性的影响

目的观察不同剂量阿托伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血中总胆固醇(TC)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、血栓素B2(TXB2)、血小板颗粒膜蛋白-140(GMP-140)、血浆纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1(PAI-1)水平及血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)活性的影响。探讨阿托伐他汀对ACS防治的可能机制及不同剂量阿托伐他汀的安全性。方法ACS患者65例,在拜阿斯匹林、氯吡格雷等基础治疗外随机分为三组,分别给予阿托伐他汀10mg/d、20mg/d、40mg/d睡前服用。入院第1天、第14天分别抽取空腹静脉血16ml。测定hs-CRP、IL-6、TXB2、GMP-140、t-PA、PAI-1及TC、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、肌酸激酶(CK)。采用SPSS13.0统计软件对检测结果的组间及治疗前后进行比较。结果三组TC、hs-CRP、IL-6、TXB2、GMP-140、PAI-1治疗后均有下降、t-PA活性上升,治疗后三组间比较亦有差异;而三组治疗前后CK、ALT、AST组间无显著差异,治疗后无显著上升,以上结果均有统计学意义。结论阿托伐他汀对ACS患者血脂及炎症反应、血小板活性、纤溶活性有积极作用,并在一定范围内随着剂量的增加而加强,同时具有良好的安全性。     

类金刚石薄膜的碳相成分对其血小板黏附特性的影响

对不同工艺和条件制备的 7个类金刚石薄膜 (Diamondlikecarbon ,DLC)试样 ,经X光电子能谱 (XPS)碳相成分分析后 ,分别进行了血小板黏附实验、黏附血小板的形貌观察、分类计数和形态指数计算 ,并通过灰色关联分析 ,研究了碳相成分对血小板黏附量、黏附血小板的形态指数的影响。结果显示 :来自全方位离子注入离子束增强沉积工艺的DLC ,其血小板黏附量和形态指数明显小于等离子体化学气相沉积工艺制备的样品 ;在DLC的 5种碳相成分中 ,DLC碳相与血小板黏附量和形态指数的 (负 )关联度远大于其它碳相成分 ,除此之外只有C H和C O碳相与血小板形态指数的 (正 )关联度较大。表明 :(1)DLC碳相对血小板黏附的影响远较其它碳相成分为大 ,增加DLC碳相的含量是优化DLC血液相容性的关键所在 ;(2 )C H和C O碳相对黏附血小板的变形有促进作用 ,须从工艺上抑制其产生或尽可能降低其含量 ;(3)采用全方位离子注入离子束增强沉积工艺有助于改善DLC的血液相容性。这些结论对设计与改进DLC的制备工艺具有重要的指导意义。     

妊高征患者产前及产后血小板活化状态的研究

采用流式细胞术对４２例正常晚孕妇女及５０例妊高征患者产前及产后７２小时Ｐ－选择素进行对比研究。结果：妊高征患者Ｐ－选择素含量明显大于正常晚孕妇女，Ｐ－选择素含量在轻、中及重度妊高征患者呈递增趋势，差异均有显著性，产后７２小时其Ｐ－选择素含量降至正常晚孕妇女水平。提示：Ｐ－选择素可作为妊高征早期诊断及监测病情的一个重要指标     

Quality validation of platelets obtained from the Haemonetics and Trima Accel automated blood-collection systems

BackgroundPlatelet transfusion is required to treat haemo-oncology or trauma patients. Platelet apheresis (PA) performed with apheresis equipment has increased rapidly in recent years. Leucocyte-reduced platelet apheresis (LRPA) can reduce the risk of platelet refractoriness and febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) for transfusion. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate and compare the platelet metabolic and functional responses between PA performed with Haemonetics and LRPA performed with Trima Accel cell separator.MethodsThe qualities of platelets collected through PA and LRPA were evaluated in terms of visual appearance, morphology, platelet-aggregation changes, metabolic activities, and bacterium-screening test during 5-day storage. Statistical analyses included two-sample t-test and generalised estimating equation(GEE) method.ResultsDuring 5-day storage in LRPA, residual leucocytes were all <1.0×10⁶, and the parameters of platelet function were as follows: platelet aggregated to agonists such as adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP) and collagen, and the extent of shape change and pO₂ showed no statistically significant difference between PA and LRPA. The hypotonic shock reaction (HSR) on days 0, 1, and 3 were significantly higher in LRPA than in PA (71.78±6.92 vs. 64.10±7.42; P=0.002; 71.53±8.98 vs. 62.96±9.84; P=0.007; 68.05±7.28 vs. 57.76±6.80; P<0.0001, respectively). Values of mean platelet volume (MPV) were statistically larger in PA than in LRPA on days 0, 1, and 3. On day 5, the swirling score was higher in LRPA than in PA. The mean lactate levels had no statistically significant difference between PA and LRPA. Moreover, no growth was observed through bacterium-screening test conducted on 40 samples.ConclusionComparison of LRPA and PA products collected from the Trima Accel and Haemonetics automated blood-collection systems, respectively, revealed that both products possessed good platelet qualities even though additional processes are needed to reduce leucocytes. Furthermore, investigating the outcomes of other apheresis instruments with focus on the safety of donors, products, and recipients is necessary.     

Thrombocytosis in preterm infants: a possible involvement of thrombopoietin receptor gene expression

Transient thrombocytosis is commonly observed in preterm infants after birth, but its physiological mechanism is still unknown. To understand the mechanism of the transient thrombocytosis in preterm infants we firstly evaluated a correlation between platelet counts and thrombopoietin (TPO) levels in preterm infants and next c-mpl mRNA levels on platelets in healthy preterm infants longitudinally during a half-year of life. The mean platelet counts in 45 very low birth weight infants (mean gestational age 27.4±1.8 weeks, mean birth weight 1047±249 g) was 230±71×10⁹/l just after birth and thereafter gradually increased to 579±178×10⁹/l by 5 weeks of age. The platelet counts continued this level for about next 8 weeks. Serum TPO levels soon after birth and at 1 month of age were significantly higher than those at the age of 2–6 months. There was a significant negative correlation between platelet counts and serum TPO values. The c-mpl expression levels on platelets at birth and at 1 month of age tended to be lower than those on platelets from adults, and the c-mpl levels gradually increased through 6 months of age, although they were still lower than those of adults. Our results suggest that low expression of TPO receptor on platelets until 1 month after birth cause a decreased TPO clearance and keep a high level of free TPO in blood, thereby promoting platelet production from megakaryocytes or their progenitors in bone marrow, resulting in the subsequent thrombocytosis in preterm infants.     

心脑血管病患者微血栓与D－2聚体、血小板聚集的相互关系

观察２０例急性脑梗塞，３０例冠心病在微循环中微血栓的变化，同时检测血小板聚集率、Ｄ－２聚体。结果表明微血栓阳性组血小板聚集率、Ｄ－２聚体均高于微血栓阴性组。治疗后二组血小板聚集、Ｄ－２聚体明显减少。提示微血栓、Ｄ－２聚体及血小板聚集率可作为评定冠心病、脑梗塞病情变化的一种指标     

Effects of psychotropic agents on the physical properties of platelet membranes in vitro

Normal platelet membranes were exposed in vitro to a variety of psychotropic medications commonly used in the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders. Changes in structural order at the hydrocarbon region of the drug-exposed membranes were determined by steadystate fluorescence polarization measurements employing the fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). Chlorpromazine, an aliphatic phenothiazine, produced a significant increase in DPH fluorescence polarization at concentrations from 2–200 M. Thioridazine, a piperidine phenothiazine, and three piperazine derivatives, perphenazine, trifluoperazine, and fluphenazine, produced significant increases in this parameter at concentrations from 20–200 M. The other agents tested, including thiothixene, lithium, antidepressants, anxiolytics, and anticonvulsants, were without effect in the concentration ranges examined. The phenothiazine-induced increase in DPH fluoresence polarization apparently depended on the structure of the phenothiazine nucleus; changes in side-chain structure appeared to modulate this effect, most likely by altering the inherent membrane solubility of the agents.